{"title":"[Frontier research on smart delivery biomaterials in the field of oral tissue engineering].","authors":"Yanting Wu, Jinfeng Liao","doi":"10.7518/hxkq.2026137","DOIUrl":"10.7518/hxkq.2026137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral tissue repair faces challenges, including complex types of defects, a harsh local microenvironment, and limitations of conventional therapies. Common diseases, such as periodontitis, maxillofacial tumors, trauma, and congenital deformities, cause defects in the alveolar bone and periodontal tissues, affecting a large population. The demand for tissue repair is increasing with accelerating population aging. Defect sites often exhibit a complex microenvironment accompanied with infection, inflammation, ischemia, and immune imbalance, severely impairing the viability and regene-ration of stem cells. Smart delivery materials function as drug delivery platforms and can respond to endogenous and exo-genous stimuli to achieve the spatiotemporally controlled release of drugs and bioactive factors, enabling targeted and precise therapy. Some of these materials also possess tissue-inductive regenerative properties. Smart delivery materials show important application potential in maxillofacial bone repair, periodontal regeneration, pulp reconstruction, and oral mucosal repair. This review summarizes the design strategies, response mechanisms, and cutting-edge applications of intelligent delivery materials in oral tissue repair. Moreover, it analyzes the critical breakthroughs for their clinical translation from the perspectives of mechanical adaptation and controllable degradation, precise responsive release under complex oral microenvironments, synergistic immunomodulation and anti-infective regeneration, and personalized manufacturing. It thereby provides insights for precision therapy and functional reconstruction in oral tissue repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":94028,"journal":{"name":"Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology","volume":"44 4","pages":"486-498"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qianhui Shang, Gulinuer Awuti, Hao Xu, Qianming Chen, Jin Zhao
{"title":"[Preliminary investigation into the mechanisms of thalidomide in inhibiting the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia].","authors":"Qianhui Shang, Gulinuer Awuti, Hao Xu, Qianming Chen, Jin Zhao","doi":"10.7518/hxkq.2026135","DOIUrl":"10.7518/hxkq.2026135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to integrate network pharmacology, machine learning, and survival analysis to preliminarily explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of thalidomide on the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia (OLK).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>First, multisource databases and an OLK transcriptomic cohort (GSE26549) were integrated to identify the intersecting feature genes between thalidomide and OLK with epithelial dysplasia, followed by pathway enrichment analysis. Subsequently, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and ensemble machine learning algorithms were applied to screen for core biomarkers. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were utilized to evaluate the clinical prognostic efficacy of these core biomarkers. Finally, molecular docking was employed to validate the physical binding potential between thalidomide and the core biomarkers of OLK.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16 intersecting target genes between thalidomide and OLK with epithelial dysplasia were identified. These genes were primarily enriched in the signaling pathways of the cell cycle, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt), and microRNAs in cancer. PPI network analysis combined with ensemble algorithms ultimately identified four core biomarkers: MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET), Aurora kinase A (AURKA), DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1). Survival analysis revealed that high expression levels of MET (<i>P</i>=0.004) and AURKA (<i>P</i>=0.029) increased the risk of malignant transformation in OLK. Furthermore, MET exhibited crucial independent prognostic value in the multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model (hazard ratio=2.58, <i>P</i>=0.051). Molecular docking demonstrated that thalidomide could stably bind to the MET receptor (binding energy=-38.178 kJ/mol).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thalidomide may exert its inhibitory effects against the malignant progression of OLK by primarily targeting MET and synergistically ac-ting on key biomarkers, including AURKA, DNMT1, and PARP1, thereby suppressing downstream PI3K-Akt and cell cycle signaling pathways. This study not only provides robust computational biology evidence for the \"drug repurpo-sing\" of thalidomide but also highlights a promising pharmacological option for the clinical intervention of OLK's malignant transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94028,"journal":{"name":"Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology","volume":"44 4","pages":"530-539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148709153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Association analysis between dystrophin gene polymorphism and non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate].","authors":"Wenqi Ba, Sidi Zhang, Yansong Lin, Yue You, Sixuan Jia, Bing Shi, Zhonglin Jia","doi":"10.7518/hxkq.2025.2025215","DOIUrl":"10.7518/hxkq.2025.2025215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a common birth defect influenced by genetic and environmental factors, with genetic factors playing a major role. This study aims to investigate the association between the dystrophin (DMD) gene and NSCL/P in a Chinese Han population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the DMD gene were selected and allelic and genotype-based association analyses were performed on 1 780 patients with NSCL/P and 1 823 normal controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparison with the controls showed that patients with NSCL/P presented three SNPs (rs5971698, rs5928208, and rs5972815) with significant associations with NSCL/P or its subphenotypes. Allelic association analysis revealed that rs5971698 was associated with NSCL/P, unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate (UCL/P), left cleft lip with or without cleft palate (LCL/P), unilateral cleft lip and cleft palate (UCLP), left cleft lip and cleft palate (LCLP), unilateral cleft lip (UCL), and left cleft lip only (LCL) (<i>P</i><0.05); rs5928208 was associated with non-syndromic cleft lip and cleft palate (NSCLP), bilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate (BCL/P), LCL/P, bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate (BCLP), and LCL (<i>P</i><0.05); and rs5972815 was associated with UCLP, UCL, and right cleft lip only (RCL)(<i>P</i><0.05), exhibiting significant laterality bias. Genotype analysis further confirmed these associations. Functional predictions suggested that different alleles at rs5928208 and rs5972815 may influence transcription factor binding affinity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified associations between SNPs in the DMD gene and NSCL/P in a Western Chinese Han population, providing new evidence for distinct genetic susceptibility loci among NSCL/P subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94028,"journal":{"name":"Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology","volume":"44 4","pages":"594-604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148709072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiao Pang, Chang Liu, Jiahao Fan, Yan Huang, Ya'nan Sun, Jiyuan Liu
{"title":"[Comparative study on the application of large language models in pre-exam learning for the Chinese dental licen-sing examination].","authors":"Xiao Pang, Chang Liu, Jiahao Fan, Yan Huang, Ya'nan Sun, Jiyuan Liu","doi":"10.7518/hxkq.2025308","DOIUrl":"10.7518/hxkq.2025308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to compare the performance of different large language models (LLMs) in pre-exam learning for the Chinese dental licensing examination, with a focus on evaluating their differences in answering, explanation, and teaching effectiveness, to provide a reference for the application of LLMs in dental education.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three evaluation scenarios were designed: selecting correct answers, providing answer explanations, and adversarial testing. DeepSeek-R1, Qwen 2.5-MAX, Doubao 1.5 Pro, Xinghuo Spark-X1, ERNIE 4.0 Turbo, GPT-4o, and Huaxi Zhilian were selected for comparative testing. Evaluation metrics included accuracy, net accuracy, and pedagogical effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the scenario of selecting correct answers, all LLMs exceeded the passing threshold, with Huaxi Zhilian achieving the highest accuracy (84%). In the answer explanation scenario, Huaxi Zhilian demonstra-ted the highest net accuracy (92%), followed by DeepSeek-R1 (89%), among models. Regarding pedagogical effectiveness, Huaxi Zhilian ranked highest in relevance, practicality, and clarity, whereas GPT-4o led in conciseness, among the investigated LLMs. In adversarial testing, Huaxi Zhilian and DeepSeek-R1 exhibited the smallest declines in accuracy and net accuracy, respectively, among the tested models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In pre-exam learning for the Chinese dental licensing examination, knowledge-enhanced LLMs specifically optimized for dentistry (e.g., Huaxi Zhilian) outperform reasoning LLMs pretrained on general Chinese corpora (e.g., DeepSeek-R1) and those primarily trained on English corpora (e.g., GPT-4o). However, the performance of all models declines under adversarial conditions. Future research should focus on addressing identified weaknesses to enhance the utility of LLMs in dental education further.</p>","PeriodicalId":94028,"journal":{"name":"Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology","volume":"44 4","pages":"614-624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148709070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Current applications and future perspectives of automation technologies and devices in oral diagnosis and treatment].","authors":"Xu Zhang, Hui Cao, Yongsheng Zhou","doi":"10.7518/hxkq.2025517","DOIUrl":"10.7518/hxkq.2025517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Automation technologies and devices are becoming an increasingly important component of the digital and intelligent transformation of oral healthcare. With on-going advances in artificial intelligence, robotics, and advanced manufacturing, their applications have expanded across oral diagnosis, surgery and treatment, prosthodontics, and orthodontics, as well as oral care and maintenance. These technologies have shown considerable potential for improving diagnostic and therapeutic accuracy, efficiency, consistency, and reproducibility. Importantly, automation in oral healthcare should not be understood simply as the replacement of manual procedures by standalone devices. Rather, it represents the optimization of clinical workflows based on standar-dized data acquisition, algorithm- or rule-based decision-making, and dedicated execution platforms. This review summarizes the current research progress and clinical applications of automation technologies and devices in major oral healthcare scenarios and discusses the characteristics, application scope, and practical challenges of different technical routes. Future directions are also outlined to provide a reference for clinical workflow optimization, technology translation, and device development in oral healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":94028,"journal":{"name":"Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology","volume":"44 4","pages":"572-585"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148709010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[<b>Clinical features and genetic mutation analysis of the hereditary dentin dysplasia type</b> Ⅰ <b>family</b>].","authors":"Zhiyuan Deng, Yiteng Cui, Ling Peng, Zhaolong Liu, Bin Zeng, Ousheng Liu, Jing Liu, Xili Qiu","doi":"10.7518/hxkq.2025184","DOIUrl":"10.7518/hxkq.2025184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dentin dysplasia type Ⅰ (DD-Ⅰ) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary disorder characterized by abnormal dentin development. Its primary clinical features include markedly shortened tooth roots and pulp chamber closure. The causative genes and molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated yet. This study reports a DD-Ⅰ family comprising four affected individuals. Pathogenic mutations were identified and assessed using whole-exome sequencing combined with co-inheritance analysis and bioinformatics methods. Results revealed that the proband exhibited typical DD-Ⅰ clinical phenotypes, including root shortening, pulp chamber closure, and alveolar bone resorption. A highly conserved missense mutation c.353C>A (p.P118Q) in the <i>SSUH2</i> gene was detected within the family. Bioinforma-tics prediction indicated this mutation significantly alters protein secondary structure and three-dimensional conformation, classified as \"likely harmful.\" Combining bioinformatics analysis with clinical phenotype correlation further validated the causal relationship between this mutation and DD-Ⅰ, providing supplementary experimental evidence for the pathogenicity of the p.P118Q mutation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94028,"journal":{"name":"Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology","volume":"44 4","pages":"625-632"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148709029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haiyang Yu, Meijun Zhan, Chenyang Xie, Manlin Sun, Aimin Cui, Xinping Zhang, Xinliang Fu, Yang Yang
{"title":"[Geometric analysis of three-dimensional position blocking in implant surgery: clinical decision making of instrument length and implant guidance methods].","authors":"Haiyang Yu, Meijun Zhan, Chenyang Xie, Manlin Sun, Aimin Cui, Xinping Zhang, Xinliang Fu, Yang Yang","doi":"10.7518/hxkq.2025519","DOIUrl":"10.7518/hxkq.2025519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current design of ideal implant sites often fails to include the assessment of the restrictions imposed by the limited geometric space of the surgical area on instrument manipulation. This limitation may cause three-dimensional position blocking during actual surgery, resulting in the inability to complete implantation at the predesigned geometric position. On the basis of the previously proposed new concept and classification system of surgical area mouth opening (SO), this work divides the surgical procedure into two stages: instrument placement and instrument working. The minimum instrument length required to avoid blocking are precisely calculated and different SO requirements are matched by establishing a complete geometric analysis model and defining key geometric parameters. Consequently, a complete pathway from anatomical space assessment, to instrument length selection, and then to guidance method decision is constructed, realizing a comprehensive and accurate assessment of the virtual designed implant site and the evaluation of the accessibility of the implantation operation. This study further improves the clinical decision-making system of SO and provides a complete arithmetic scheme for the clinical implementation of digital preoperative implant designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94028,"journal":{"name":"Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology","volume":"44 4","pages":"561-571"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148709004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Double-layer ceramic technique for restoring severely discolored nonvital maxillary anterior teeth: a case report].","authors":"Jinliang Chen, Lu Yin","doi":"10.7518/hxkq.2025349","DOIUrl":"10.7518/hxkq.2025349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aesthetic restoration of severely discolored nonvital anterior teeth is a common clinical challenge. It is centered on achieving a balance between the effective masking of the substrate and the natural translucency of the restoration. This case report presents the treatment of a young female patient's four maxillary anterior teeth by using a digital workflow that integrates three-dimensional digital smile design with a double-layer ceramic technique. The technique featured a 0.5 mm resin-matrix ceramic inner layer for substrate masking and a 1.0 mm high-translucency zirconia outer layer for natural aesthetics. By combining digital precision with material science, this approach offers a reference for managing complex anterior aesthetic demands.</p>","PeriodicalId":94028,"journal":{"name":"Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology","volume":"44 3","pages":"448-453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13268863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148260862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Evidence-based clinical analysis of tissue regeneration in endodontic microsurgery].","authors":"Jinzhi He, Dongzhe Song, Xin Xu","doi":"10.7518/hxkq.2026122","DOIUrl":"10.7518/hxkq.2026122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endodontic microsurgery, a highly effective intervention for complex periapical lesions, is performed to achieve true regeneration of periapical soft and hard tissues, including alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and cementum. In recent years, various tissue regeneration strategies and prominently guided tissue regeneration have been integrated into endodontic microsurgery to enhance success rates and optimize defect healing. In this article, the necessity and clinical impact of employing tissue regeneration techniques across diverse endodontic microsurgery cases are evaluated by through a systematic literature review. Existing evidence demonstrates that these techniques significantly improve success rates in challenging scenarios such as large lesions, through-and-through lesions, and apical-marginal defects. In the future, relevant technical standards and clinical guidelines based on more high-quality clinical evidence must be urgently established to standardize the application of tissue regeneration techniques in microsurgical root canal therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94028,"journal":{"name":"Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology","volume":"44 3","pages":"360-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13268870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148260900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Challenges and clinical strategies for endodontic microsurgery in the posterior maxillary region].","authors":"Chen Zhang, Xiaoxiang Huang, Benxiang Hou","doi":"10.7518/hxkq.2026034","DOIUrl":"10.7518/hxkq.2026034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The posterior maxillary region presents substantial challenges in endodontic microsurgery owing to its unique anatomical position and intricate root canal anatomy. Three factors contribute to this complexity: first, the posterior location and limited surgical field, compounded by prominent buccal and palatal contours, severely limit visual clarity and operative maneuverability. Second, the complex root canal anatomy‒particularly isthmuses and the second mesiobuccal canal‒increases the difficulties and risks associated with root-end resection and retrograde obturation. Third, the intimate proximity of root apices to the maxillary sinus floor poses substantial risks of sinus membrane perforation and subsequent complications. To address these challenges, we propose a systematic analytical approach and refine operational strategy throughout the entire surgical procedure, aiming to thoroughly eliminate the source of infection, achieve reliable apical sealing, maximize tooth structure preservation, and ensure the safety of adjacent critical structures. This study systematically analyzes the three major challenges and offers corresponding surgical strategies and recommendations for risk prevention and control, to standardize practice and improve treatment outcomes in maxillary posterior endodontic microsurgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":94028,"journal":{"name":"Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology","volume":"44 3","pages":"337-348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13268862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148260905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}