Ground water最新文献_第3页

Enhanced Removal of Brine From Porous Structures by Supercritical CO₂. 超临界二氧化碳增强多孔结构对盐水的去除。

Ground water Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.13434

Iris Beatriz Vega Erramuspe, Osei Asafu-Adjaye, Melissa Rojas-Márquez, Brian Via, Bhima Sastri, Sujit Banerjee

引用次数: 0

Parameter ESTimation With the Gauss-Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm: An Intuitive Guide. 使用高斯-莱文伯格-马夸特算法进行参数ESTimation：直观指南

Ground water Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.13433

Michael N Fienen, Jeremy T White, Mohamed Hayek

引用次数: 0

Using Expert Participation to Evaluate the Accuracy of Hand-Drawn Water-Table Maps. 利用专家参与评估手绘水表地图的准确性。

Ground water Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.13431

Sarah Kathleen Marshall, Luk J M Peeters, Okke Batelaan, Saskia Noorduijn, Tanah Velterop

{"title":"Using Expert Participation to Evaluate the Accuracy of Hand-Drawn Water-Table Maps.","authors":"Sarah Kathleen Marshall, Luk J M Peeters, Okke Batelaan, Saskia Noorduijn, Tanah Velterop","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13431","url":null,"abstract":"Water-table maps are fundamental to hydrogeological studies and a manual, hand-drawn method is still commonly used to produce them. Despite this, the accuracy and variability of such maps have received little attention in international literature. In a unique experiment, 63 groundwater professionals drew water-table equipotential contours based on the same dataset of point measurements and were asked to infer flow directions and predict groundwater elevations at predefined locations. The root mean squared error (RMSE) for the average map calibration data was 10.5 m, which is accuracy comparable to numerical groundwater models. This study confirmed that to produce hand-drawn water-table maps, practitioners seek to not only fit the spatial data, but also to conform to their own cognitive model of hydrogeological concepts and processes. The calibration accuracy increased with experience; from a RMSE of 13.3 m for practitioners with 0-3 years of experience to a RMSE of 9.2 m for those with four or more years. Despite considerable variability in the style of the hand-drawn water-table maps, the maps were consistent in their representation of the dominant regional groundwater flow directions. There was less consensus, however, in predicting the direction of surface water-groundwater interaction for a stream reach. Hand-drawn water-table mapping remains useful and valid, especially as a starting point for hydrogeological conceptualization, yet further work is required to resolve issues around transparency, repeatability, and reproducibility.","PeriodicalId":94022,"journal":{"name":"Ground water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimation of Effective Fracture Aperture in Glacial Tills by Analysis of Dye Tracer Penetration. 通过分析染料示踪剂渗透估算冰川丘陵的有效断裂孔径。

Ground water Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.13426

Mariam Ouf, Peter R Jørgensen, Klaus Mosthaf, Massimo Rolle

{"title":"Estimation of Effective Fracture Aperture in Glacial Tills by Analysis of Dye Tracer Penetration.","authors":"Mariam Ouf, Peter R Jørgensen, Klaus Mosthaf, Massimo Rolle","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13426","url":null,"abstract":"This study advances a methodology to estimate effective apertures of fractures in glacial tills based on dye tracer infiltration tests and numerical simulations. The approach uses the visible penetration depth of the dye tracer along fracture flow paths as primary information to calculate effective fracture apertures. Further data used in the calculation are the dye tracer input concentration and retardation, the duration of the tracer injection, and the hydraulic gradient applied to control the infiltrating water fluxes. The method does not require measurement of hydraulic conductivity for the fractured till and enables direct observation of flow and transport patterns within the fractures (e.g., uniform flow and dye tracer distribution, channeling due to aperture variability, and presence of biogenic macropores in fractures). The approach was successfully verified by using the estimated effective fracture aperture values in Large Undisturbed Columns (LUCs) to consistently simulate both the observed LUC effluent breakthrough of a conservative bromide tracer and the water fluxes with the hydraulic gradient applied in the experiments. Sensitivity analyses revealed that estimation of small effective fracture apertures (<10 μm) required accurate determination of the dye tracer retardation factor. By contrast, in the case of larger effective apertures (>20 μm), the sensitivity of the estimated effective fracture aperture to variations in the porous material and solute transport parameters was low compared to the dominant sensitivity to the water flow through the fractures (cubic relation between flow and aperture). The proposed approach may be extended beyond laboratory applications and assist in characterizing field-scale fracture networks.","PeriodicalId":94022,"journal":{"name":"Ground water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural Uncertainty Due to Fault Timing: A Multimodel Case Study from the Perth Basin. 断层时间引起的结构不确定性：珀斯盆地多模型案例研究。

Ground water Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.13429

Kerry Bardot, Martin Lesueur, Adam J Siade, Simon C Lang, James L McCallum

{"title":"Structural Uncertainty Due to Fault Timing: A Multimodel Case Study from the Perth Basin.","authors":"Kerry Bardot, Martin Lesueur, Adam J Siade, Simon C Lang, James L McCallum","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13429","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13429","url":null,"abstract":"Faults can fundamentally change a groundwater flow regime and represent a major source of uncertainty in groundwater studies. Much research has been devoted to uncertainty around their location and their barrier-conduit behavior. However, fault timing is one aspect of fault uncertainty that appears to be somewhat overlooked. Many faulted models feature consistent layer offsets, thereby presuming that block faulting has occurred recently and almost instantaneously. Additionally, barrier and/or conduit behavior is often shown to extend vertically through all layers when a fault may in fact terminate well below-ground surface. In this study, we create three plausible geological interpretations for a transect in the Perth Basin. Adjacent boreholes show stratigraphic offsets and thickening which indicate faulting; however, fault timing is unknown. Flow modeling demonstrates that the model with the most recent faulting shows profoundly different flow patterns due to aquifer juxtaposition. Additionally, multiple realizations with stochastically generated parameter sets for layer, fault core, and fault damage zone conductivity show that fault timing influences flow more than layer or fault zone conductivity. Finally, fault conduit behavior that penetrates aquitards has significant implications for transport, while fault barrier behavior has surprisingly little. This research advocates for adequate data collection where faults may cause breaches in aquitards due to layer offsets or conduit behavior in the damage zone. It also promotes the use of multiple geological models to address structural uncertainty, and highlights some of the hurdles in doing so such as computational expense and the availability of seamless geological-flow modeling workflows.","PeriodicalId":94022,"journal":{"name":"Ground water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Groundwater Contamination in Arid Coastal Areas: Qatar as a Case Study. 干旱沿海地区的地下水污染：卡塔尔案例研究。

Ground water Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.13411

B. Shomar, Rajendran Sankaran

{"title":"Groundwater Contamination in Arid Coastal Areas: Qatar as a Case Study.","authors":"B. Shomar, Rajendran Sankaran","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13411","url":null,"abstract":"The Arab region is located in an arid environment and suffers from water scarcity and poor water quality which are expected to become more severe in coming years due to global warming. In this study, the groundwater quality of 205 wells in Qatar was investigated. The physical parameters of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, inorganic carbon (IC), and organic carbon (OC) were determined. The study characterized the concentrations of major anions of Cl, F, Br, NO3, PO4, and SO4, and major cations of Ca, K, Mg, and Na. Importantly, metals and metalloids including V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Cd, Ba, Pb, and U were determined. The results revealed that the groundwater of all wells is not drinkable due to high salinity (average TDS 4598 mg/L and salinity 0.4%, respectively). Additionally, average concentrations of major anions Cl, SO4, and F were 1472, 1064, and 1.9 mg/L, respectively, and all exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for drinking water. However, NO3 concentration in 11 out of 205 wells was above the WHO guidelines of 50 mg/L due to intensive agriculture and fertilizer applications. Major cations of Ca, K, Mg, and Na were higher than WHO guidelines with average concentrations of 345, 63, 127, and 923 mg/L, respectively. All trace metals were much lower than the WHO guidelines for drinking water; however, the vanadium (V) average concentration in groundwater of all wells was 31 μg/L, which is five times higher than the Dutch guidelines (whereas the WHO has no guidelines for V). The groundwater of Qatar is dominated by Ca and Mg sulfates in Sabkha environments and dominated by NaCl in the coastal zones from evaporate environments consisting of coastal salt flats, salt pans, estuaries, and lagoons supersaturated by salts and the influence of sea water intrusion.","PeriodicalId":94022,"journal":{"name":"Ground water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0