Ground water最新文献

Implementation and Evaluation of Fully 3D Richards' Equation in MODFLOW 6. 全三维理查兹方程在MODFLOW中的实现与评价

IF 2.2

Ground water Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.70112

Sebastián Vázquez-Gasty, Sorab Panday, Christian Langevin, Tirthankar Roy

{"title":"Implementation and Evaluation of Fully 3D Richards' Equation in MODFLOW 6.","authors":"Sebastián Vázquez-Gasty, Sorab Panday, Christian Langevin, Tirthankar Roy","doi":"10.1111/gwat.70112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70112","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development and benchmarking of a fully three-dimensional (3D) Richards' equation solver integrated into MODFLOW 6. The popular unsaturated zone package (the UZF package) currently in MODFLOW relies on simplified approaches that neglect capillary effects and assumes one-dimensional (1D) vertical flow. In contrast, the Richards' equation implementation presented here is based on a 3D head-based mixed formulation using the van Genuchten moisture retention and relative permeability functions to capture the more detailed physics of variably saturated flow. The numerical implementation within the MODFLOW 6 framework leverages the advanced, robust numerical techniques already built into the software including upstream weighting, Newton-Raphson and Picard linearization approaches, advanced linear solvers and a flexible finite-volume framework. Three benchmark tests were used to evaluate the performance of this Richards' equation implementation in MODFLOW 6 against established codes such as HYDRUS, MODFLOW VSF, SUTRA, and USG-T. Results indicate that this package accurately reproduces moisture dynamics and capillary pressure distributions with computational efficiency and robustness. This advancement not only improves the physical realism of saturated/unsaturated subsurface flow simulations but also provides a practical tool for further research in variably saturated flow modeling within the MODFLOW framework.","PeriodicalId":94022,"journal":{"name":"Ground water","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrochem, an Integrated R Package for the Analysis and Visualization of Hydrochemical Data. Hydrochem，一个用于分析和可视化水化学数据的集成R包。

IF 2.2

Ground water Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.70110

Guillaume Cinkus, Raphaël Bondu

{"title":"Hydrochem, an Integrated R Package for the Analysis and Visualization of Hydrochemical Data.","authors":"Guillaume Cinkus, Raphaël Bondu","doi":"10.1111/gwat.70110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70110","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrochemical data are essential for understanding groundwater flow, hydrobiogeochemical processes, contamination sources, and assessing groundwater quality. Despite the increasing availability of complex hydrochemical datasets, current tools for processing and visualizing these data-mainly spreadsheets and commercial GUI software-have significant limitations in scalability, reproducibility, and flexibility. Programming languages such as R offer powerful alternatives but remain underutilized in hydrogeochemistry because of the perceived complexity of coding. To address this gap, we present hydrochem, an open-source R package designed to facilitate comprehensive hydrochemical data analysis through user-friendly and customizable functions. The package supports essential tasks such as unit conversion, handling of censored data, ionic balance calculation, water type classification, and a range of hydrochemical indices relevant to water quality. It also provides advanced graphical tools including Piper, Durov, Stiff, Collins, Schoeller, Gibbs, and ternary diagrams to support the interpretation of water chemistry. By integrating reproducible workflows and leveraging the broader R ecosystem, hydrochem lowers the technical barrier for hydrogeochemists and environmental scientists, thereby facilitating the analysis of hydrochemical datasets of varying complexity, improving the reliability of results, and supporting informed water resource management decisions.","PeriodicalId":94022,"journal":{"name":"Ground water","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Managed Aquifer Recharge: A Proven Technology for Water Supply Resilience. 管理含水层补给：供水弹性的成熟技术。

IF 2.2

Ground water Pub Date : 2026-10-14 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.70115

William M Alley, Charles A Job, Timothy K Parker

引用次数: 0

A Rapid Analytical Tool for Estimating Pumping Effects on Complex Stream Networks. 一种估算复杂水系抽水效应的快速分析工具。

IF 2.2

Ground water Pub Date : 2026-10-08 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.70113

Gengxin Ou, Jessica D Rogers, Lucy Sandoe, Gilbert Barth

{"title":"A Rapid Analytical Tool for Estimating Pumping Effects on Complex Stream Networks.","authors":"Gengxin Ou, Jessica D Rogers, Lucy Sandoe, Gilbert Barth","doi":"10.1111/gwat.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70113","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how groundwater pumping affects streamflow is critical for conjunctive water management, yet most analytical methods oversimplify stream geometry and the stream-aquifer-well hydraulics, while numerical models require considerably more data and computation to improve upon analytical predictions. This note introduces the distributed drawdown function (DDF), an analytical tool designed to efficiently estimate groundwater drawdown and stream depletion caused by pumping near complex stream networks. DDF extends the Theis solution by discretizing stream networks into multiple nodes and applying the principle of superposition to enforce constant head boundary conditions along meandering stream geometries. The tool solves a system of linear equations to determine the leakage rate at each stream node that results in zero drawdown at the stream boundary. DDF is subject to simplifying assumptions inherent to the drawdown function, which for the Theis equation includes constant transmissivity and a fully penetrating stream with constant stage and no resistance to flow across the streambed. Validation tests show that DDF accurately captures spatial variations in drawdown for complex networks. A comparison of DDF with a numerical simulation for a complex stream network demonstrates close agreement in both drawdown and stream depletion, with DDF-generated stream depletion fractions within 6% of numerical estimates. These results indicate that DDF effectively expands simplified analytical solutions to include complex stream geometry and multiple pumping wells without the necessary input data and computational effort of numerical models, offering water resource managers a rapid and accessible method to assess pumping effects on connected surface waters.","PeriodicalId":94022,"journal":{"name":"Ground water","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149140009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating Suitability for Surface Managed Aquifer Recharge to Enhance Dry-Season Stream Flows. 评价地表管理含水层补给增强旱季水流的适宜性。

IF 2.2

Ground water Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.70108

Andrew L Bobst, Ann E H Hanson

{"title":"Evaluating Suitability for Surface Managed Aquifer Recharge to Enhance Dry-Season Stream Flows.","authors":"Andrew L Bobst, Ann E H Hanson","doi":"10.1111/gwat.70108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70108","url":null,"abstract":"Surface managed aquifer recharge (MAR) can enhance dry-season streamflow, but it requires sufficient infiltration through the unsaturated zone to generate a groundwater mound, and the mound must dissipate and increase groundwater discharge to surface water during the targeted time. We use multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) at state-wide and local scales to evaluate the potential for surface MAR in the upper Big Hole valley in southwest Montana, where the objective is to infiltrate water during snowmelt to increase streamflow several months later. Using criteria constraints, which remove areas that receive a low rating for any criterion, eliminated 91% of the area since most of the \"medium\" suitability areas resulted from averaging high and low-rated criteria. We added a distance-to-surface-waters criterion based on modeling the time required for flow through the unsaturated zone (HYDRUS-1D) and the timing of increased groundwater discharge to surface water (MODFLOW 2000). To achieve a 2-to-4-month lag time, reasonable distances for infiltration from surface water were about 600 to 1800 m. Groundwater discharge to surface water was substantially buffered relative to infiltration; even at optimal distances the rate of increased groundwater discharge to surface water during the target period was only about 15% of the infiltration rate. Adding the distance criterion further reduced the area suitable for surface MAR to about 4% of the total area. A phased approach during MAR-based suitability analyses is important for improving site feasibility interpretations, applying project-specific objectives, focusing resources, and retaining clarity and flexibility for collaborators and decision-makers.","PeriodicalId":94022,"journal":{"name":"Ground water","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149120830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Managed Aquifer Recharge Operations and Design under Hydrologic Uncertainty. 水文不确定性条件下含水层管理回灌作业与设计。

IF 2.2

Ground water Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.70105

Wolfgang Schmid, Adrian Dela Cruz, Adam Siade, Michael Donn, Olga Barron

{"title":"Managed Aquifer Recharge Operations and Design under Hydrologic Uncertainty.","authors":"Wolfgang Schmid, Adrian Dela Cruz, Adam Siade, Michael Donn, Olga Barron","doi":"10.1111/gwat.70105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70105","url":null,"abstract":"As climate change intensifies, managed aquifer recharge (MAR) can enhance water security and strengthen drought resilience by capturing surface water, such as drain flows. Assessments of MAR impact and risks to groundwater-dependent receptors require numerical modeling. Yet many studies do not account for contrasting climatic conditions, surface-water and groundwater integration, and dual ensembles of MAR operations and of hydrologic/landscape parameters when quantifying uncertainty using the iterative ensemble smoother (IES) as done here for a proposed MAR in the Myalup region of Western Australia. For each MAR scenario, decision metrics-groundwater mounding, inundation and waterlogging, travel times to environmental receptors-were evaluated across the parameter ensemble. Spatial analysis from a likely IES realization showed drain discharge constraining mound expansion, recovery mitigating small increases in drain flow, localized inundation risk, and MAR plumes reaching downgradient wetlands within two decades. Predictive uncertainty of MAR scenarios varied substantially, with climate conditions as dominant control. Wettest and driest cases bracket divertible flow conditions. Inundation risk was greater for wet than dry scenarios, suggesting drier climates may reduce MAR impacts, although wet extremes must be accommodated. Recovery reduced mounding but barely altered transport pathways. Relocating MAR away from a drain lowered uncertainty and environmental impacts. MAR designs can be selected by minimizing probabilities of exceeding stakeholder-defined thresholds or balancing trade-offs between impact metrics. This dual-ensemble methodology of MAR scenarios and IES parameters provides robust and transferable uncertainty quantification for evidence-based MAR planning under hydrologic uncertainty and climatic extremes.","PeriodicalId":94022,"journal":{"name":"Ground water","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149120828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surfacing the Need for Groundwater Ecological Research in Polar Regions. 揭示极地地下水生态研究的必要性。

IF 2.2

Ground water Pub Date : 2026-09-28 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.70111

Mattia Saccò, Stefano Mammola, Alejandro Martínez

引用次数: 0

Central Texas ASR and Dam-Reservoir Alternatives Evaluated through Life Cycle Cost Analysis. 通过生命周期成本分析评估德克萨斯州中部ASR和大坝-水库替代方案。

IF 2.2

Ground water Pub Date : 2026-09-28 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.70107

Charles Job

引用次数: 0

A New Approach to Transforming Airborne Electromagnetic Data into Models of Sediment Type. 一种将航空电磁数据转化为沉积物类型模型的新方法。

IF 2.2

Ground water Pub Date : 2026-09-22 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.70106

Rebecca Prentice, Rosemary Knight, Peter Kitanidis

{"title":"A New Approach to Transforming Airborne Electromagnetic Data into Models of Sediment Type.","authors":"Rebecca Prentice, Rosemary Knight, Peter Kitanidis","doi":"10.1111/gwat.70106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70106","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of 20,000 line-kilometers of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data and the digitization of driller's logs across the Central Valley of California enables the transformation of AEM measurements of electrical resistivity into sediment type descriptions. A critical challenge is establishing the rock physics transform that relates resistivity to sediment type. Two approaches have been applied in the Central Valley; they differ in the model used to link resistivity to sediment type and in the level of confidence placed in the information in the driller's logs, with the latter determining the level of spatial heterogeneity allowed in the transform parameters. We developed a new methodology that builds on the strengths of each approach. Applied in the Kaweah Subbasin in California, we used resistivity profiles derived from AEM data, sediment type descriptions from driller's logs, and water level data from wells. The methodology incorporates the physics of the AEM measurement and solves for transform parameters with a scale of spatial variability determined through an adjustable hyperparameter that accounts for the presumed quality of the driller's logs. The derived transform was applied to all resistivity data from the AEM survey in the subbasin to generate a model of sediment type. When we compare our model with those generated using established methods, we conclude that incorporating the physics of the measurement provides more accurate estimates of the percentage of coarse-grained materials, and that spatial variability in the transform should be accommodated in a way that reflects the quality of the driller's logs.","PeriodicalId":94022,"journal":{"name":"Ground water","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149019304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sixty Years of the O.E. Meinzer Award: The People, Papers, and Institutions that Shaped Hydrogeology (1965-2026). 梅因泽奖六十年：塑造水文地质学的人物、论文和机构（1965-2026）。

IF 2.2

Ground water Pub Date : 2026-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.70104

Jiu J Jiao

{"title":"Sixty Years of the O.E. Meinzer Award: The People, Papers, and Institutions that Shaped Hydrogeology (1965-2026).","authors":"Jiu J Jiao","doi":"10.1111/gwat.70104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70104","url":null,"abstract":"The O.E. Meinzer Award of the Geological Society of America's Hydrogeology Division has been presented 61 times between 1965 and 2026, honoring 68 individuals. Because each award recognizes a specific publication or body of work, the winner list constitutes a 60-year record of what the hydrogeological community has considered its frontier. This note assembles a structured dataset of all recipients and the 177 representative papers listed for them on the Division's website, and analyzes the age structure of the winners, the co-authorship and thematic content of the cited works, the journals in which they appeared, and the geographic and institutional distribution of the winners. Winners have grown older by roughly 15 years since the award's 5-year publication window was removed in the 1980s, and the lag between honored work and award has risen from ~3 to 11-17 years. Mean authorship of cited papers rose from 1 to ~4, while single-author papers fell from 100% to under 11%. The keyword record moves from well hydraulics through stochastic theory, numerical modeling, and isotope geochemistry to today's climate, coastal, and permafrost themes; Water Resources Research carries 30% of all cited papers, but its share has fallen from 64 to 16% as winning science diversified. The note closes with reflections for prospective future recipients.","PeriodicalId":94022,"journal":{"name":"Ground water","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0