Frontiers in medical technology最新文献

{"title":"Reflexive eye saccadic parameters in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Nemuel D Pah, Quoc C Ngo, Nicole McConnell, Barbara Polus, Peter Kempster, Arup Bhattacharya, Sanjay Raghav, Dinesh K Kumar","doi":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1477502","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1477502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Abnormal reactive saccade, with reduced saccadic gain, impaired smooth pursuit, and unwarranted reactions are clinically used to assess people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD). However, there are inconsistent findings related to other saccade parameters such as latency and transition times. This study aimed to identify differences in the reflexive saccade parameters of early stage PwPD and aged-matched control (AMC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this observational study, the reactive eye-gaze was recorded for 70 participants (42 PwPD) and parameters of reflexive saccades and eye-gaze fluctuations were extracted. These parameters were then statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney <math><mi>U</mi></math> -test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that PwPD had significantly shorter latency than AMC for reflexive saccadic movement away from the center of the screen. The overshoot as a fraction of the screen width, a measure of the inaccuracy in reaching the target, was also significantly higher for PwPD. PwPD had greater horizontal and vertical eye gaze fluctuation with a steady target. The numbers of invalid saccades, i.e., when the gaze goes in the opposite direction from the target movement or is considered anticipatory, were similar for both groups; PwPD with 33.43% and AMC with 25.71%.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study shows that there are significant differences in the reflexive saccade of PwPD and AMC measured using an inexpensive eye-tracking device. The presence of invalid saccade trials, and differences between towards and away from screen center, both of which were not considered in earlier studies, may explain the discrepancies between earlier studies. The outcome of this study has the potential to be made a device that would assist neurologists in the assessment of PwPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94015,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in medical technology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1477502"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11625542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in aspiration catheter tip design for thrombectomy: a comprehensive patent review.","authors":"Vera G Kortman, Yinte Verberne, Mostafa A Atalla, Aimée Sakes","doi":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1388638","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1388638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thrombus removal from the human body is facilitated through the utilization of aspiration catheters during minimally invasive thrombectomy procedures, where a pressure differential guides the targeted tissue through a flexible tubular medical instrument. In this paper, we present a patent analysis of thrombectomy aspiration catheter tip designs sourced from the EspaceNet database. Our findings reveal that enhancing the operability of aspiration catheters can be achieved by improving ease of positioning or suction capacity, whether through active or passive means. In terms of the former, both tip shape and flexibility play pivotal roles in maneuvering the distal end effectively. Variations in aspiration port characteristics, either distal-oriented or sideways-oriented, have the potential to enhance suction efficiency. In the active approach, aspects of positioning and suctioning are integrated into a single design, allowing for seamless transitions between configurations. While numerous design characteristics can coexist in a thrombectomy aspiration tip, a balance between flexibility and buckling resistance, as well as between maximizing aspiration lumen diameter and minimizing tip diameter, must be struck. This paper offers an insightful overview of existing thrombectomy aspiration tip designs, providing valuable inspiration for future innovations in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":94015,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in medical technology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1388638"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11625537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effective track and trace technology for poor-quality chemotherapeutic pharmaceuticals in resource-limited countries: a review of the Chemotherapeutic Paper Analytical Device.","authors":"Minichil Chanie Worku, Liknew Workie Limenh, Biset Asrade Mekonnen, Yeniewa Kerie Anagaw","doi":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1436614","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1436614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poor-quality medicines (substandard or counterfeit) can lead to treatment failure. There is a vast global imbalance in cancer treatment outcomes due to the difficulty of accessing quality chemotherapeutic products. Early diagnosis of cancer brings more hope for curative treatment of cancer and increases the demand for chemotherapeutic products. Consequently, it creates opportunities for unethical manufacturers and suppliers to develop substandard and/or counterfeit products. An ongoing review of cost-effective analytical methods is therefore paramount to tracking and tracing poor chemotherapeutic pharmaceutical products. Low- and middle-income country (LMIC) regulators lack safety equipment and standard operating procedures to handle chemotherapeutic products safely in the drug analysis laboratory and have limited capacity to perform post-marketing surveillance on these products. This review aimed to provide a compressive review of the Chemotherapeutic Paper Analytical Device (ChemoPAD). ChemoPAD is an important tool for quality screening of commonly used chemotherapeutic products in LMIC settings. It is an efficient, fast, simple, accessible, cost-effective, and transferable analytical method for verifying substandard and/or counterfeit chemotherapeutic products. Designed as a complete paper-based laboratory the size of a playing card, the ChemoPAD provides a promising solution for healthcare providers, patients, and other parties involved in post-marketing surveillance of chemotherapeutic products. Thus, in the near future, scientists could probably witness the use of the ChemoPAD technology platform to trace and track substandard and/or counterfeit chemotherapeutic products.</p>","PeriodicalId":94015,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in medical technology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1436614"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11617187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An approach to reduce inhaler errors using Donabedian's triad.","authors":"Dorothy May Isip Cruz, Manjush Karthika, Ashraf Alzaabi","doi":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1494089","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1494089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inhaler errors inversely affect the outcome of respiratory diseases. Inhaler devices, such as the metered-dose inhalers (MDI) and dry powder inhalers (DPI), are commonly used in treating respiratory diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and incorrect use of these devices can result in suboptimal treatment outcomes, increased probabilities of hospitalizations or admissions, and poorer quality of life. Patient related factors to inhaler errors include age, cognitive and physical abilities, education, language barriers, and preferences. Device-related factors such as inhaler design and operational complexity can also lead to errors. Finally, factors related to healthcare professionals (HCP) such as competency, level of knowledge in disease and inhaler device and availability to educate patients, can play a role in inhaler error. Quality management is a potential solution to this problem. Quality improvement strategies towards addressing inhaler misuse can increase patient satisfaction and improve patient outcomes. Donabedian's triad, which includes structure, process, and outcome can be utilized in developing a framework for reducing inhaler errors. Institutional solutions are more towards the structural and process changes in the triad, such as HCP training, checklists on training efficacy, provision of action plans, and availability of staff to educate and train patients. Patient-centered solutions focus more on process and outcome domains, such as improvement in lung functions, patient education, re-assessment and re-education of inhaler techniques, and adherence to treatment regimen. By focusing on structural and process domains, the quality of care can be enhanced, resulting in improved outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94015,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in medical technology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1494089"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11603695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open-loop narrowband magnetic particle imaging based on mixed-frequency harmonic magnetization response.","authors":"Hongli Yu, Ping Huang, Xiting Peng, Zheyan Wang, Zhichuan Qiu, Kewen Li, Tianshu Li, Zhiyao Liu, Hao Cui, Shi Bai","doi":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1464780","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1464780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Magnetic particle imaging (MPI), a radiation-free, dynamic, and targeted imaging technique, has gained significant traction in both research and clinical settings worldwide. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a crucial factor influencing MPI image quality and detection sensitivity, and it is affected by ambient noise, system thermal noise, and the magnetization response of superparamagnetic nanoparticles. Therefore to address the high amplitude system and inherent thermal noise present in conventional MPI systems is essential to improve detection sensitivity and imaging resolution.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study introduces a novel open-loop, narrow-band MPI signal acquisition system based on mixed-frequency harmonic magnetization response. Allowing superparamagnetic nanoparticles to be excited by low frequency, high amplitude magnetic fields and high frequency, low amplitude magnetic fields, the excitation coil generates a mixed excitation magnetic field at a mixed frequency of 8.664 kHz (<i>f</i> _<i>H</i>  + 2<i>f</i> _<i>L</i> ), and the tracer of superparamagnetic nanoparticles can generate a locatable superparamagnetic magnetization signal with rich harmonic components in the mixed excitation magnetic field and positioning magnetic field. The third harmonic signal is detected by a Gradiometer coil with high signal-to-noise ratio, and the voltage cloud image is formed.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The experimental results show that the external noise caused by the excitation coil can be effectively reduced from 12 to about 1.5 μV in the imaging area of 30 mm × 30 mm, which improves the stability of the detection signal of the Gradiometer coil, realizes the detection of high SNR, and makes the detection sensitivity reach 10 μg Fe. By mixing excitation, the total intensity of the excitation field is reduced, resulting in a slight improvement of the resolution under the same gradient field, and the spatial resolution of the image reconstruction is increased from 2 mm under the single frequency excitation (20.7 kHz) in the previous experiment to 1.5 mm under the mixed excitation (8.664 kHz).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These experimental results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed open-loop narrowband MPI technique in improving signal detection sensitivity, achieving high signal-to-noise ratio detection and improving the quality of reconstructed images by changing the excitation magnetic field frequency of the excitation coil, providing novel design ideas and technical pathways for future MPI systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":94015,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in medical technology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1464780"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11537903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prototype photoplethysmography-based cuffless device shows promising results in tracking changes in blood pressure.","authors":"Christine Hove, Frode Wirum Sæter, Alexey Stepanov, Kasper Gade Bøtker-Rasmussen, Trine M Seeberg, Espen Westgaard, Sondre Heimark, Bård Waldum-Grevbo, Jonny Hisdal, Anne Cecilie K Larstorp","doi":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1464473","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1464473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Non-invasive cuffless blood pressure devices have shown promising results in accurately estimating blood pressure when comparing measurements at rest. However, none of commercially available or prototype cuffless devices have yet been validated according to the appropriate standards. The aim of the present study was to bridge this gap and evaluate the ability of a prototype cuffless device, developed by Aidee Health AS, to track changes in blood pressure compared to a non-invasive, continuous blood pressure monitor (Human NIBP or Nexfin) in a laboratory set up. The performance was evaluated according to the metrics and statistical methodology described in the ISO 81060-3:2022 standard. However, the present study is not a validation study and thus the study was not conducted according to the ISO 81060-3:2022 protocol, e.g., non-invasive reference and distribution of age not fulfilled.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were sampled continuously, beat-to-beat, from both the cuffless and the reference device. The cuffless device was calibrated once using the reference BP measurement. Three different techniques (isometric exercise, mental stress, and cold pressor test) were used to induce blood pressure changes in 38 healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean difference (standard deviation) was 0.3 (8.7) mmHg for systolic blood pressure, 0.04 (6.6) mmHg for diastolic blood pressure, and 0.8 (7.9) mmHg for mean arterial pressure, meeting the Accuracy requirement of ISO 81060-3:2022 (≤6.0 (10.0) mmHg). The corresponding results for the Stability criteria were 1.9 (9.2) mmHg, 2.9 (8.1) mmHg and 2.5 (9.5) mmHg. The acceptance criteria for the Change requirement were achieved for the 85th percentile of ≤50% error for diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure but were higher than the limit for systolic blood pressure (56% vs. ≤50%) and for all parameters for the 50th percentile (32%-39% vs. ≤25%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study demonstrated that the cuffless device could track blood pressure changes in healthy adults across different activities and showed promising results in achieving the acceptance criteria from ISO 81060-3:2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":94015,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in medical technology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1464473"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motion artifact variability in biomagnetic wearable devices.","authors":"Negin Ghahremani Arekhloo, Huxi Wang, Hossein Parvizi, Asfand Tanwear, Siming Zuo, Michael McKinlay, Carlos Garcia Nuñez, Kianoush Nazarpour, Hadi Heidari","doi":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1457535","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1457535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Motion artifacts can be a significant noise source in biomagnetic measurements when magnetic sensors are not separated from the signal source. In ambient environments, motion artifacts can be up to ten times stronger than the desired signals, varying with environmental conditions. This study evaluates the variability of these artifacts and the effectiveness of a gradiometer in reducing them in such settings. To achieve these objectives, we first measured the single channel output in varying magnetic field conditions to observe the effect of homogeneous and gradient background fields. Our analysis revealed that the variability in motion artifact within an ambient environment is primarily influenced by the gradient magnetic field rather than the homogeneous one. Subsequently, we configured a gradiometer in parallel and vertical alignment with the direction of vibration (X-axis). Our findings indicated that in a gradient background magnetic field ranging from 1 nT/mm to 10 nT/mm, the single-channel sensor output exhibited a change of 164.97 pT per mm unit increase, while the gradiometer output showed a change of only 0.75 pT/mm within the same range. Upon repositioning the gradiometer vertically (Y direction), perpendicular to the direction of vibration, the single-channel output slope increased to 196.85 pT, whereas the gradiometer output only increased by 1.06 pT/mm for the same range. Our findings highlight the influence of ambient environments on motion artifacts and demonstrate the potential of gradiometers to mitigate these effects. In the future, we plan to record biomagnetic signals both inside and outside the shielded room to compare the efficacy of different gradiometer designs under varying environmental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94015,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in medical technology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1457535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in sarcopenia diagnosis: from imaging techniques to non-radiation assessments.","authors":"Salvatore Lavalle, Rosa Scapaticci, Edoardo Masiello, Carmelo Messina, Alberto Aliprandi, Valerio Mario Salerno, Arcangelo Russo, Francesco Pegreffi","doi":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1467155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmedt.2024.1467155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sarcopenia is a prevalent condition with significant clinical implications, and it is expected to escalate globally, demanding for effective diagnostic strategies, possibly at an early stage of the disease. Imaging techniques play a pivotal role in comprehensively evaluating sarcopenia, offering insights into both muscle quantity and quality. Among all the imaging techniques currently used for the diagnosis and follow up of sarcopenia, it is possible to distinguish two classes: Rx based techniques, using ionizing radiations, and non-invasive techniques, which are based on the use of safe and low risk diagnostic procedures. Dual-energy x-ray Absorptiometry and Computed Tomography, while widely utilized, entail radiation exposure concerns. Ultrasound imaging offers portability, real-time imaging, and absence of ionizing radiation, making it a promising tool Magnetic Resonance Imaging, particularly T1-weighted and Dixon sequences, provides cross- sectional and high-resolution images and fat-water separation capabilities, facilitating precise sarcopenia quantification. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA), a non-invasive technique, estimates body composition, including muscle mass, albeit influenced by hydration status. Standardized protocols, such as those proposed by the Sarcopenia through Ultrasound (SARCUS) Working Group, are imperative for ensuring consistency across assessments. Future research should focus on refining these techniques and harnessing the potential of radiomics and artificial intelligence to enhance diagnostic accuracy and prognostic capabilities in sarcopenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":94015,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in medical technology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1467155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11496100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards non-invasive imaging through spinal-cord generated magnetic fields.","authors":"Meaghan E Spedden, George C O'Neill, Tim M Tierney, Timothy O West, Maike Schmidt, Stephanie Mellor, Simon F Farmer, Sven Bestmann, Gareth R Barnes","doi":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1470970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmedt.2024.1470970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-invasive imaging of the human spinal cord is a vital tool for understanding the mechanisms underlying its functions in both healthy and pathological conditions. However, non-invasive imaging presents a significant methodological challenge because the spinal cord is difficult to access with conventional neurophysiological approaches, due to its proximity to other organs and muscles, as well as the physiological movements caused by respiration, heartbeats, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow. Here, we discuss the present state and future directions of spinal cord imaging, with a focus on the estimation of current flow through magnetic field measurements. We discuss existing cryogenic (superconducting) and non-cryogenic (optically-pumped magnetometer-based, OPM) systems, and highlight their strengths and limitations for studying human spinal cord function. While significant challenges remain, particularly in source imaging and interference rejection, magnetic field-based neuroimaging offers a novel avenue for advancing research in various areas. These include sensorimotor processing, cortico-spinal interplay, brain and spinal cord plasticity during learning and recovery from injury, and pain perception. Additionally, this technology holds promise for diagnosing and optimizing the treatment of spinal cord disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":94015,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in medical technology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1470970"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11496111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using interactive computer play in physical therapy and occupational therapy clinical practice: an explanatory sequential mixed methods study.","authors":"Marina Petrevska, Jennifer L Ryan, Selvi Sert, Sarah Munce, F Virginia Wright, Elaine Biddiss","doi":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1381165","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmedt.2024.1381165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study explored the extent to which an interactive computer play system, Bootle Blast, supports motor learning in a clinical context and examined clinicians' perceptions of their therapeutic role in the system's use as an intervention tool.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this observational sequential explanatory mixed methods study, five children with cerebral palsy [mean age 9.4 years (SD, 0.5), Gross Motor Function Classification System Levels I-III] used Bootle Blast during a single video-recorded therapy session with their treating clinicians (physical therapists, occupational therapists, and therapy assistants). Children played one Bootle Blast mini game independently (without clinician involvement) before clinicians carried out therapy sessions with the game as per usual care. The type and extent of motor learning strategies (MLS) delivered by Bootle Blast and clinicians were rated from video recordings by a trained assessor using the 22-item Motor Learning Strategies Rating Instrument. Semi-structured interviews with clinicians were conducted to gain insights into MLS use and clinicians' perceived role during Bootle Blast use. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed independently by two researchers using thematic analysis. Quantitative and qualitative data were merged and reported using narrative and joint display approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bootle Blast provided eight MLS, with clinicians adding or enhancing another eight. Four themes reflected clinicians' perspectives: (1) Bootle Blast disguises therapy as play, (2) clinicians give Bootle Blast the human touch; (3) home use of Bootle Blast is promising; and (4) Bootle Blast is not always the right fit but some shortcomings could be addressed. Agreement was found for nine MLS and disagreement for four MLS when quantitative and qualitative findings were merged.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Bootle Blast delivers several MLS as part of game play and clinicians can enhance and provide additional MLS to suit the child's needs/abilities. Further game refinements that were identified in this study may optimize its clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":94015,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in medical technology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1381165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142383059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}