Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Glycemic Control on Periodontal Parameters in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Single-Arm Interventional Pilot Trial.","authors":"Luisa Thiemann, Jochen Seufert, Marie-Luise Gnadt, Anne B Kruse, Kirstin Vach, Petra Ratka-Krüger, Fabian Cieplik, Daniel Kammerer, Katharina Laubner, Johan P Woelber","doi":"10.1055/a-2958-3572","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2958-3572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes show a bidirectional relationship. This pilot study investigated the possible association between glycemic control and periodontal status in people with type 2 diabetes without periodontal treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>People with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes (HbA1c value ≥ 8.0%) received intensified antihyperglycemic therapy. Periodontal and metabolic parameters were assessed at baseline (T1) and after 3 months (T2). No dental prophylaxis or subgingival instrumentation was performed. Clinical assessments included pocket probing depths, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, periodontal inflamed surface area, plaque index, and gingival index. The primary outcome parameter was the periodontal inflamed surface area. Patients' oral health-related quality of life was assessed with the OHIP-G14 questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant reduction of HbA1c from average 9.3% to 8.2% after 3.8±1.1 months resulted in significant reductions of periodontal inflamed surface area and bleeding on probing (<i>p</i>=0.001 and <i>p</i>=0.001). Higher HbA1c values were significantly associated with higher periodontal inflamed surface area (<i>p</i>=0.006) and bleeding on probing values (<i>p</i>=0.026). No significant change was observed in OHIP-G14 scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that improved glycemic control may be associated with reduced periodontal inflammation (bleeding on probing and periodontal inflamed surface area), even without periodontal therapy. These findings support the importance of good glycemic control for periodontal health in people with type 2 diabetes. Given the exploratory nature of this study, these findings require cautious interpretation and confirmation in larger prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94001,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149129600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Inflation-Adjusted Pharmacotherapy Costs and Cardiovascular Risk Factor Management in Type 2 Diabetes: A 26-Year Study from Tertiary Diabetes Centres in Greece Drug Costs and Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Georgios Karamanakos, Athanasia Papazafiropoulou, Anastasios Koutsovasilis, Kleomenis Salapatas, Marina Vroucho, Vasiliki Chatzivasiloglou, Konstantinos Manganas, Persefoni Michou, Andriana Konstantelou, Anna Garbi, Nicholas Tentolouris, Stavros Liatis","doi":"10.1055/a-2978-1630","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2978-1630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>We evaluated long-term trends in pharmacotherapy costs and cardiovascular target achievement among people with type 2 diabetes attending tertiary diabetes centres in Greece.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This periodic, multicenter, cross-sectional study analysed data from 4,963 people with type 2 diabetes followed in each of the three diabetes centres at specific time points: 1998, 2006, 2012, 2018, and 2024. We compared HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, LDL-C, and BMI and the achievement of individual cardiovascular targets (HbA1c <7%, systolic blood pressure <140 mmHg, LDL-C <100 mg/dL) and all three simultaneously. Annual pharmacotherapy cost comparisons used inflation-adjusted values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Simultaneous achievement of all three cardiovascular targets increased from 0.6% in 1998 to 29.1% in 2024. Individual target achievements improved: HbA1c from 29.4% to 58.6%, systolic blood pressure from 45.3% to 62.5%, and LDL-C from 6.3% to 73.4%. Mean LDL-C showed the greatest reduction, from 128.4 mg/dL to 79.0 mg/dL. Median BMI increased until 2018, then declined in 2024. Total pharmacotherapy costs per patient rose from €341 in 1998 to €1,609 in 2024, primarily due to glucose-lowering therapies (€167 to €1,257).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over 26 years, people with type 2 diabetes attending tertiary diabetes centres in Greece demonstrated improvements in cardiovascular target achievement, alongside rising pharmacotherapy costs, primarily driven by glucose-lowering therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94001,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149169809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra-Islet Duct Formation and Gastric-Type Metaplasia in CRY1 C414A Transgenic Mice: Associations with Endocrine Cell Plasticity and α-Cell Localization.","authors":"Satoshi Okano, Yu Sasaki, Akira Yasui, Kennichi Satoh, Masahiko Igarashi, Osamu Nakajima","doi":"10.1055/a-2968-0251","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2968-0251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transgenic mice expressing the C414A-mutant cryptochrome 1 (CRY1 C414A) develop diabetes with progressive β-cell senescence and the formation of mucinous intra-islet ductal lesions. These lesions exhibit features resembling metaplasia; however, their molecular basis and the potential involvement of endocrine cells remain unclear. This study aimed to define the metaplasia-like program in intra-islet ducts and to characterize endocrine cell phenotypes in this context.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gene expression microarrays were analyzed using islets from aged CRY1 C414A transgenic and wild-type mice. Histological analyses included Alcian blue staining, lectin labeling, and immunostaining for markers of mucin production, metaplasia, and endocrine differentiation. Marker expression in intra-islet ductal lesions was evaluated to assess their progression and cellular composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Transgenic islets exhibited upregulated expression of metaplasia-associated genes, including mucin 6, trefoil factor 2, and gastrokine 3. Intra-islet ducts, particularly smaller lesions, showed strong mucin production and co-expression of metaplasia-related markers. Tuft cell-associated markers were detected in both intra-islet lesions and pancreatic duct glands. In addition, subsets of insulin-positive cells adjacent to lesions exhibited reduced insulin granularity and expression of metaplasia markers, while glucagon-positive cells were prominent in early lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intra-islet ductal lesion formation in CRY1 C414A transgenic mice is associated with activation of a pyloric/spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia-like metaplastic program and endocrine cell plasticity. These findings provide a framework linking intra-islet duct formation to established metaplastic processes and suggest a potential relationship β-cell dedifferentiation and broader endocrine cell plasticity under chronic islet stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":94001,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149066608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Overall Mortality in Pituitary Adenomas.","authors":"Iustin D Toma, Dan A Niculescu, Raluca A Trifănescu, Simona A Găloiu, Cătălina Poiană","doi":"10.1055/a-2970-2015","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2970-2015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Various predictors of overall mortality like hypopituitarism and treatment have been demonstrated in pituitary adenomas. Whether these predictors are specific to tumor subtype was not studied. We aimed to directly compare predictors of mortality in clinically significant pituitary adenoma subtypes (acromegaly, Cushing's disease, macroprolactinomas and non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed all patients with acromegaly (<i>n</i>=224), Cushing's disease (<i>n</i>=42), macroprolactinoma (<i>n</i>=123) and non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas (<i>n</i>=310) admitted in our department between 2011 and 2025. The following variables were retrieved: sex, age and maximum tumor diameter at diagnosis, hypopituitarism and radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age and tumor size at diagnosis and rates of hypopituitarism and radiotherapy varied considerably between 38 and 57 years (macroprolactinomas vs. non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas), 7 and 25 mm (Cushing's disease vs. macroprolactinomas), 25 and 47% (acromegaly vs. non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas) and 6 and 38% (macroprolactinomas vs Cushing's disease), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that age at diagnosis was positively associated with mortality in all pituitary adenoma subtypes while hypopituitarism was both negatively (hazard ratio=0.37, acromegaly) and positively (hazard ratio=2.71, non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas) correlated with mortality. In multivariate analysis, age at diagnosis remained a consistent predictor (hazard ratio between 1.07 and 1.11) of overall mortality across the entire cohort. Cushing's disease was significantly associated with mortality while hypopituitarism predicted mortality only in non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas (hazard ratio=2.71). Sex, tumor size at diagnosis and radiotherapy were not associated with mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We confirmed that age is the main predictor of mortality in pituitary adenomas with a similar hazard ratio across all subtypes. Hypopituitarism was associated with an increased mortality only in those with non-functioning macroadenomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":94001,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Autophagy-Epigenome Axis in Hypothalamic Neurons: A Unified Framework for Understanding Obesity Persistence and Therapeutic Resistance.","authors":"Amin Roshdy Soliman","doi":"10.1055/a-2961-3522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2961-3522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Diet-induced obesity is increasingly understood as a disorder of central regulatory failure rather than simple energy imbalance. Two mechanisms-impaired hypothalamic autophagy and epigenetic reprogramming of feeding-regulatory genes-have been independently implicated in perpetuating obesity, yet their mechanistic intersection remains poorly defined. This perspective proposes that these processes are not parallel phenomena but components of a single self-reinforcing autophagy-epigenome axis (presented here as a working hypothesis) governed by shared nutrient-sensing hubs (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1, AMP-activated protein kinase, and sirtuin 1). In this model, chronic caloric excess simultaneously suppresses autophagic flux and induces epigenetic silencing of autophagy regulators, potentially creating a feed-forward loop that locks hypothalamic neurons into a pro-inflammatory, orexigenic state resistant to dietary normalization. The frequent weight regain observed after glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist discontinuation-despite these agents' demonstrated capacity to enhance central autophagy and suppress neuroinflammation-raises the possibility that current pharmacotherapies may suppress downstream consequences without erasing the underlying epigenetic code. This perspective synthesizes preclinical and emerging translational evidence to argue that durable obesity treatment will require interventions capable of simultaneously restoring autophagic flux and reversing epigenetic modifications within hypothalamic feeding circuits, and identifies critical knowledge gaps that must be addressed to advance this paradigm from a bench to a bedside.</p>","PeriodicalId":94001,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149120784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrition Counselling in Patients with Diabetes in Germany-Results from an Online Survey.","authors":"Christina Holzapfel, Michael Schemmer, Julia Meyer, Hans Hauner","doi":"10.1055/a-2881-7638","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2881-7638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Treatment guidelines recommend nutrition therapy and nutrition counselling as essential components in diabetes management. Little is known about how nutrition therapy/nutrition counselling is implemented in diabetes care. Therefore, the aim of this survey was to collect data on nutrition therapy/nutrition counselling in persons with diabetes in Germany.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>An online survey using a standardized questionnaire was conducted from August 2021 to April 2022. People with diabetes were invited to answer questions on their diabetes management with a focus on nutrition counselling. The dataset was descriptively analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 1,208 adults were included in the analysis. Approximately half of all participants (49.2%, <i>n</i>=594) suffered from type 1 diabetes and the other half (50.8%, n=614) from type 2 diabetes. Among the participants with type 1 diabetes, 66.8% reported to have had any dietary counselling as compared to 62.9% of those with type 2 diabetes. In addition, repeated dietary counselling was reported by 44.9% of participants with type 1 diabetes and 36.3% of those with type 2 diabetes. In these, dietary counselling was provided in 42.1% (type 1 diabetes) and 40.6% (type 2 diabetes), respectively, by nutritionists/dietitians. Provision of nutrition counselling was not related to body mass index or the mode of medication in both types of diabetes. The majority of survey participants expressed interest in receiving more and regular dietary counselling and identified a need for improvements regarding nutrition counselling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This survey showed that nutrition counselling in patients with diabetes in Germany is not in accordance with current treatment guidelines and widely underutilized. With respect to the potential of an adequate diet for metabolic control and prevention of cardiovascular diseases, there is an urgent need for a better and more structured implementation of nutrition counselling in diabetes care.</p>","PeriodicalId":94001,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association","volume":" ","pages":"327-336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148440572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orosomucoid Enhances Insulin Sensitivity via the C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 5/Protein Kinase B Axis.","authors":"Pengyuan Wang, Yang Sun, Xia Liu","doi":"10.1055/a-2958-3521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2958-3521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Insulin resistance is a central pathological feature underlying various metabolic disorders, involving complex mechanisms and multi-organ dysfunction. This study investigates the role of the acute-phase protein orosomucoid in systemic glucose homeostasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized high-fat diet-induced obese mice to model insulin resistance. The genetic deletion of orosomucoid 1 was applied, and the metabolic effects of exogenous orosomucoid administration were examined. Molecular analysis included assessing protein kinase B phosphorylation. The dependency of observed benefits on specific receptors was tested using pharmacological inhibition of C-C chemokine receptor type 5 and evaluation of the leptin receptor's role.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrate that genetic deletion of orosomucoid 1 induces insulin resistance, whereas exogenous orosomucoid administration improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet mice. At the molecular level, orosomucoid augments insulin-induced protein kinase B phosphorylation. Notably, these metabolic benefits are independent of the leptin receptor but are critically dependent on the C-C chemokine receptor type 5, as demonstrated by pharmacological inhibition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings establish orosomucoid as an endogenous insulin sensitizer via the C-C chemokine receptor type 5/protein kinase B pathway, coordinately ameliorating insulin resistance across multiple metabolic organs and highlighting its therapeutic potential as a novel target for metabolic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":94001,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149120799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mild Cognitive Impairment in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes without Microvascular or Macrovascular Complications: Prevalence, Dynamics, and Clinical Predictors.","authors":"Adriana Coppola, Carmelo Pujia, Alberto Castagna, Pietro Gallotti, Colomba Falcone, Carmine Gazzaruso","doi":"10.1055/a-2893-3900","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2893-3900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mild cognitive impairment may occur early in type 2 diabetes mellitus, but data on its prevalence and longitudinal dynamics in newly diagnosed patients without overt vascular complications remain limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively followed 937 adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus without baseline microvascular or macrovascular complications for a mean of 62.7±21.5 months. Cognitive status was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and mild cognitive impairment was defined as Montreal Cognitive Assessment-defined cognitive impairment. We evaluated the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment at diagnosis, the rate of mild cognitive impairment remission among patients with baseline mild cognitive impairment, and the incidence of mild cognitive impairment among cognitively normal patients. Multivariable models were used to identify clinical correlates of these outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, 286 patients (30.5%) had mild cognitive impairment. During the follow-up, 43/286 patients (15.0%) experienced remission, whereas 96/651 cognitively normal patients (14.7%) developed incident mild cognitive impairment. Higher C-peptide was strongly associated with prevalent mild cognitive impairment, and continuous C-peptide remained significantly associated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment performance in multivariable analyses. Smoking was associated with a less favorable cognitive profile, uric acid showed an inverse association with prevalent mild cognitive impairment, and participation in therapeutic patient education was independently associated with a lower risk of incident mild cognitive impairment. Incident retinopathy was also associated with incident mild cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In newly diagnosed, complication-free type 2 diabetes mellitus, mild cognitive impairment defined by Montreal Cognitive Assessment is common and clinically dynamic. Our findings suggest that metabolic, behavioral, educational, and microvascular factors are associated with cognitive outcomes, but they should be interpreted as observational and hypothesis-generating rather than as evidence for immediate clinical risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":94001,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association","volume":" ","pages":"344-352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148383401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hemoglobin-Albumin-Lymphocyte-Platelet Score and Diabetic Neuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Aysun Şeker, Seydahmet Akin, Doğa Coşkun","doi":"10.1055/a-2890-1089","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2890-1089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic neuropathy is a common microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with chronic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation. The hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet score is a composite index reflecting nutritional and inflammatory status, but its association with diabetic neuropathy remains insufficiently characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 212 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were evaluated. Diabetic neuropathy was defined using electrophysiological criteria. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between the hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet score and diabetic neuropathy after adjustment for age, sex, diabetes duration, body mass index, and glycated hemoglobin. The hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet score was analyzed as a continuous variable (per 0.1-unit increase) and in quartiles. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate model discrimination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diabetic neuropathy was present in 45.2% of patients. The hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet levels were significantly lower in patients with diabetic neuropathy compared to those without diabetic neuropathy (0.36±0.18 vs. 0.72±0.39, <i>p</i><0.001). In multivariable analysis, the hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet score remained independently associated with diabetic neuropathy (odds ratio per 0.1-unit increase: 0.46, 95% confidence interval: 0.35-0.58, <i>p</i><0.001). Quartile analysis showed a graded inverse association (<i>p</i> for trend<0.001). The addition of the hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet score improved model discrimination compared to the base model (area under the curve: 0.868 vs. 0.567).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet score is inversely associated with diabetic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and may represent an integrated marker of metabolic and inflammatory burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":94001,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association","volume":" ","pages":"338-343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148207407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity and Diabetes.","authors":"Jens Aberle, Anne Lautenbach, Svenja Meyhöfer, Markus Menzen, Lars Selig, Knut Mai, Matthias Blüher, Christoph Terkamp","doi":"10.1055/a-2766-3375","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2766-3375","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94001,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association","volume":" ","pages":"317-325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148038707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}