Nanoscale Horizons最新文献

{"title":"Biomimetic nanozymes catalyze cascade reactions for enhanced tumor nanocatalytic therapy†","authors":"Cong-Min Huo, Peng-Li Ding, Si-Ye Tong, Houjuan Zhu, Shuo Gao, Yun-Yi Li, Jing-Yi Zhu and Wei Xue","doi":"10.1039/D5NH00110B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5NH00110B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Nano-catalytic therapy is an emerging tumor therapeutic strategy that has received considerable attention in recent years. This approach can convert endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small>) at the tumor site into highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) <em>via</em> a Fenton or Fenton-like reaction catalyzed by metal ions. However, the low levels of ˙OH generated merely from endogenous H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> are usually insufficient to effectively kill cancer cells. To address this limitation, we developed an efficient biomimetic nanozyme (HMPB/LAP@TK-CCM) designed to amplify intracellular oxidative stress and alleviate tumor hypoxia for enhanced nano-catalytic therapy. This nanozyme is loaded with the anticancer drug β-lapachone (LAP), which increases H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> levels within the tumor cells, thus enhancing the Fenton reaction of HMPB. The camouflaging strategy using a cancer-thylakoid hybrid membrane reduces the immune clearance of the nanoparticles and promotes their accumulation at the tumor site. The thylakoid membrane (TK) also contains natural catalase, which alleviates tumor hypoxia by producing oxygen, thus facilitating the generation of H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> by LAP and further enhancing the synergistic anti-tumor effect. Furthermore, <em>in vivo</em> studies demonstrated that HMPB/LAP@TK-CCM NPs effectively restrain tumor progression without negatively impacting normal tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 10","pages":" 2381-2396"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/nh/d5nh00110b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface ligand networking promotes intersystem crossing in the Au18(SR)14 nanocluster†","authors":"Guiying He, Zhongyu Liu, Yitong Wang, Matthew Y. Sfeir and Rongchao Jin","doi":"10.1039/D5NH00358J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5NH00358J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Understanding the relationships between the structure and optical properties of ligand-protected, atomically precise metal nanoclusters (NCs) is of paramount importance for exploring their applications in photonics, biomedicine and quantum technology. Here, two Au<small>₁₈</small>(SR)<small>₁₄</small> NCs protected by 2,4-dimethylbenzenethiolate (DMBT) and cyclohexanethiolate (CHT), respectively, are studied using time-resolved absorption and emission spectroscopies. Although the two NCs exhibit similar photoluminescence (PL) quantum yields (QY ∼ 0.1%) at room temperature, their excited state dynamics are very different, which are modulated by the interactions between the Au core and the ligands, as well as the networking interactions among aromatic ligands. Specifically, Au<small>₁₈</small>(CHT)<small>₁₄</small> exhibits a single exponential decay of its singlet excited state (time constant <em>τ</em> = 17 ns) with almost no triplet population. In contrast, there is a triplet population of more than 15% for Au<small>₁₈</small>(DMBT)<small>₁₄</small>, and an intersystem crossing (ISC) process of ∼4 ns is identified. Temperature-dependent PL measurements of Au<small>₁₈</small>(DMBT)<small>₁₄</small> show three radiative processes, including prompt fluorescence, thermally activated delayed fluorescence and phosphorescence. The nonradiative process is partially suppressed at low temperatures, leading to enhanced photoluminescence (QY up to 9.0%) and exclusive phosphorescence was observed below 120 K. The obtained insights into the excited state energy flow and PL dynamics will benefit future design of luminescent NCs for optoelectronic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 10","pages":" 2374-2380"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/nh/d5nh00358j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ interfacial engineering of 1D Bi2S3/2D g-C3N4 heterostructures for antibiotics degradation in aqueous media via light mediated peroxymonosulfate activation†","authors":"Muhammad Mateen, Guanrong Chen, Na Guo and Wee Shong Chin","doi":"10.1039/D5NH00265F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5NH00265F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Interfacial engineering between metal sulfides (MS) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<small>₃</small>N<small>₄</small>) offers a promising strategy to design semiconductors for the efficient degradation of persistent water pollutants. However, conventional multi-step methods used to prepare MS/g-C<small>₃</small>N<small>₄</small> heterostructures often result in weak interfacial interactions between the building blocks, thereby leading to inefficient charge separation and sub-optimal catalytic performance. To overcome this limitation, we present here a novel single-step strategy for the <em>in situ</em> preparation of 1D Bi<small>₂</small>S<small>₃</small>(<em>n</em>)/2D g-C<small>₃</small>N<small>₄</small> heterostructures, producing intimate interactions between the 1D and 2D architectures as evidenced by experimental and theoretical findings. Remarkably, these robust interfacial interactions establish a strong internal electric field (IEF), favoring spatial separation of high charge flux at the 1D/2D interface <em>via</em> an S-scheme mechanism. Importantly, the lowered charge transfer barrier at the interface speeds up the activation kinetics of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and O<small>₂</small>, to achieve a high tetracycline degradation efficiency of 98.5% with a rate constant of 0.06 min<small>⁻¹</small>. DFT calculation results reveal that the effective coupling between the 1D/2D counterparts induced a charge redistribution and electron density accumulation at the interface, facilitating cleavage of the O–O bond in PMS and O<small>₂</small>. Furthermore, DFT calculations identified a unique PMS adsorption configuration on Bi sites and revealed the competence of S atoms in activating the peroxide bond in PMS. This work offers a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for the rational engineering of interfacial interactions in MS/g-C<small>₃</small>N<small>₄</small> heterostructures, enabling highly efficient applications in energy and environmental remediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 10","pages":" 2397-2410"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoscale Horizons Emerging Investigator Series: Dr Jia-Ahn Pan, Pitzer and Scripps Colleges, United States","authors":"","doi":"10.1039/D5NH90038G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5NH90038G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Our Emerging Investigator Series features exceptional work by early-career nanoscience and nanotechnology researchers. Read Dr Jia-Ahn Pan’s Emerging Investigator Series article ‘Enhanced upconversion and photoconductive nanocomposites of lanthanide-doped nanoparticles functionalized with low-vibrational-energy inorganic ligands’ (https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NH00555D) and read more about him in the interview below.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 9","pages":" 1791-1792"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upscaled wood@MoS2/Fe3O4 bulk catalysts for sustainable catalytic water pollutant removal†","authors":"Lingli Zhu, Wei Ren, Ya Liu, Zhong-Shuai Zhu, Shuang Zhong, Shaobin Wang and Xiaoguang Duan","doi":"10.1039/D5NH00274E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5NH00274E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) play a pivotal role in purifying contaminated water and securing drinking water safety. Transition metal-based materials are highly effective AOP catalysts, while their applications are limited by their poor stability in the oxidative environment. In this study, we developed a composite catalyst, molybdenum disulfide/ferric oxide (MoS<small>₂</small>/Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small>), to evaluate its catalytic performance and explore its underlying mechanisms in peroxymonosulfate activation. The powder composite was successfully loaded onto an engineered wood substrate, creating a monolith wood@MoS<small>₂</small>/Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small> composite for large-scale practical applications. The engineered bulk catalyst exhibits exceptional versatility and stability in wastewater treatment, maintaining nearly 100% removal efficiency over continuous operation for 144 hours. These findings underscore the significant potential of wood-loaded nanomaterials for cost-effective wastewater treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 10","pages":" 2447-2453"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A transferrin-targeted nanoplatform for MRI-guided visualization and potent suppression of tumors and pulmonary metastatic lesions†","authors":"Liya Tian, Pengju Ma, Wenxiu Zhuang, Yinlong Xu, Lihua Pang, Kai Guo, Ke Ren, Xueli Xu, Xiao Sun and Shunzhen Zheng","doi":"10.1039/D5NH00325C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5NH00325C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >While targeted theranostics for cancer remains a pivotal research frontier, conventional ligand conjugation strategies exhibit persistent limitations in off-target accumulation and suboptimal tumor specificity, ultimately failing to achieve reliable detection of early-stage lesions or metastatic nodules while demonstrating insufficient therapeutic payload delivery. In this study, the manganese sulfide (MnS) nanoplatform was synthesized using transferrin (Tf) with tumor-targeting properties as a carrier by a simple fabrication method. Notably, compared to clinically prevalent Gd-based contrast agents, Tf–MnS exhibited superior <em>T</em><small>₁</small>-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast performance, with the longitudinal relaxation (<em>r</em><small>₁</small>) reaching 7.5253 mM<small>⁻¹</small> s<small>⁻¹</small>, which was significantly higher than 3.2915 mM<small>⁻¹</small> s<small>⁻¹</small> of Gd-DTPA, and in the MRI of subcutaneous tumors and lung metastatic lesions in mice, the maximum relative signal-to-noise ratios reached 46.33% and 40.33%, respectively. Remarkably, upon reaching the acidic tumor microenvironment, Tf–MnS disintegrated to release Mn<small>²⁺</small> ions and hydrogen sulfide (H<small>₂</small>S). The Mn<small>²⁺</small> ions participated in Fenton-like reactions to produce cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals, while H<small>₂</small>S concurrently inhibited catalase enzyme activity, thereby alleviating the insufficiency of the hydrogen peroxide substrate and amplifying the therapeutic outcome. This synergistic mechanism endowed Tf–MnS with a self-enhanced anti-tumor effect, inhibiting both lung metastatic lesions and subcutaneous tumors in mice of the Tf–MnS group, with a tumor inhibition rate of 54.26%. Collectively, this work proposes an innovative strategy for integrating accurate diagnosis and self-augmented therapy of tumors and lung metastatic lesions into a unified nanoplatform, offering a promising methodology for precision oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 10","pages":" 2422-2433"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144697056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From microchannels to high shear reactors: process intensification strategies for controlled nanomaterial synthesis†","authors":"Zixuan Feng, Junheng Guo, Yingcheng Wang, Jiaoyan Shi, Huiwen Shi, Haojie Li, Jinli Zhang and Jiangjiexing Wu","doi":"10.1039/D5NH00336A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5NH00336A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Nanomaterials (NMs) have catalyzed transformative advancements across diverse technological domains owing to their exceptional size-dependent mechanical, optical, electronic, and chemical properties. However, the scalable and controllable synthesis of NMs remains a major challenge due to the complex interplay of nucleation and growth processes, which are highly sensitive to mixing, mass transfer, and heat transfer dynamics. In this context, process intensification (PI) strategies—originally developed in chemical engineering—have emerged as a powerful approach to overcome the inherent limitations of traditional batch synthesis. This review comprehensively analyzed seven representative PI reactors: microreactors, confined impinging jet reactors, rotating packed beds, high shear mixers, spinning disk reactors, ultrasonic reactors, and microwave reactors. We systematically examine their operating principles, enhancement mechanisms, advantages, and limitations in the context of NM synthesis. Furthermore, their applications in key areas such as biomedicine, adsorption, catalysis, coatings, optics, and electrochemistry are critically reviewed. Through comparative analysis and synthesis–structure–function correlation, this review aims to provide essential guidance for the rational selection and engineering of PI reactors toward controllable, sustainable, and high-throughput NM manufacturing, thereby advancing the frontiers of precision nanotechnology.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 10","pages":" 2262-2284"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling interfacial interactions in reduced Nb2CTx/GO heterostructures for highly stable and transparent narrow-band photoelectrochemical photodetectors†","authors":"Muhammad Abiyyu Kenichi Purbayanto, Subrata Ghosh, Dorota Moszczyńska, Carlo S. Casari and Agnieszka Maria Jastrzębska","doi":"10.1039/D5NH00280J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5NH00280J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The rapid advancement of nanomaterial-based thin-film processing has significantly contributed to the development of multifunctional optoelectronic devices. Among novel nanomaterials, MXenes, 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides have garnered substantial attention due to their high optical transparency, tunable optical properties, and excellent electrochemical performance. In particular, niobium carbide (Nb<small>₂</small>CT<small>_<em>x</em></small>) MXene holds great promise for photoelectrochemical photodetectors (PEC PDs) due to its narrow-band photodetection capability, solution-processing, and stability under light irradiation. However, current Nb<small>₂</small>CT<small>_<em>x</em></small>-based and 2D-based PEC PDs, in general, suffer from low photocurrent density, limited optical transparency, and poor environmental stability, hindering their practical applications. In this study, we developed a polymeric binder-free transparent reduced Nb<small>₂</small>CT<small>_<em>x</em></small>/graphene oxide (r-Nb<small>₂</small>CT<small>_<em>x</em></small>/GO) heterostructured thin film using a facile layer-by-layer technique. Incorporating reduced GO not only assists in improving the electrical conductivity of the heterostructure but also serves as a binder for MXene flakes. We systematically investigate the physicochemical properties of the film, its photodetection, and electrochemical performance. The optimized film exhibits outstanding transparency (70% at 550 nm), narrow-band photodetection response in the ultraviolet region, an excellent photoresponsivity of 50.21 μA W<small>⁻¹</small>, and high environmental stability. Altogether, this study paves the way for developing Nb<small>₂</small>CT<small>_<em>x</em></small>-based heterostructures for highly sensitive and environmentally stable transparent PEC PDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 10","pages":" 2434-2446"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/nh/d5nh00280j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144705830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kagome electronic states in gradient-strained untwisted graphene bilayers†","authors":"Zeyu Liu, Xianghua Kong, Zewen Wu, Linwei Zhou, Jingsi Qiao, Cong Wang, Shu Ping Lau and Wei Ji","doi":"10.1039/D5NH00307E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5NH00307E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Moiré superlattices in twisted homo-bilayers have revealed exotic electronic states, including unconventional superconductivity and correlated insulating phases. However, their fabrication process often introduces moiré disorders, hindering reproducibility and experimental control. Here, we propose an alternative approach using gradient strain to construct moiré superlattices in untwisted bilayer graphene (gs-BLG). Through force-field and first-principles calculations, we show that gs-BLG exhibits kagome-like interlayer-spacing distributions and strain-tunable kagome electronic bands. The competition between interlayer coupling and in-plane strain relaxation leads to distinct structural deformations, giving rise to three forms of diatomic kagome lattices: subtle, pronounced, and distorted. kagome electronic bands are identified near the Fermi level in their band structures. Modulating strain gradients enables tailoring bandwidths and signs of hopping parameters of these kagome bands, providing a versatile platform for studying exotic electronic phases. Our findings establish gradient strain as an alternative to twist engineering, opening an avenue for exploring emergent electronic phases in graphene-based systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 9","pages":" 1956-1964"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piezoelectric PVDF membranes for emulsion separation with constant flux and high efficiency†","authors":"Xin Zhong and Zhiguang Guo","doi":"10.1039/D5NH00298B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5NH00298B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Emulsion separation, a focal and challenging aspect of oil–water separation processes, has long been a source of frustration for researchers due to the phenomenon of flux decline caused by concentration polarization and adhesion of oil droplets during the separation process. Attempts have been made to address membrane fouling issues through catalytic degradation and bubble flotation methods; however, the flux decline phenomenon persisted. In this work, during the fabrication process, intermolecular forces were utilized to polarize polyvinylidene difluoride molecular chains to increase the β-phase and endow them with piezoelectric properties. The prepared piezoelectric membrane, under the variable pressure environment created using a peristaltic pump, could maintain stable flux throughout the separation process without decline while maintaining high separation efficiency, as opposed to constant pressure filtration. It was found that the main mechanism of action was dielectrophoretic forces, and the feasibility was theoretically analyzed, showing promise for the extension to the separation of a greater variety of oil-in-water emulsions. Additionally, the piezoelectric catalytic effect could generate reactive oxygen species, which could further degrade organic pollutants to alleviate membrane surface contamination and blockage, further maintaining flux. This work provides new insights into the development of emulsion separation applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 9","pages":" 2123-2133"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}