Nanoscale Horizons最新文献_第9页

Emulation of neuron and synaptic functions in spin–orbit torque domain wall devices† 在自旋轨道转矩域壁设备中模拟神经元和突触功能

IF 8 2区材料科学

Nanoscale Horizons Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1039/D3NH00423F

Durgesh Kumar, Ramu Maddu, Hong Jing Chung, Hasibur Rahaman, Tianli Jin, Sabpreet Bhatti, Sze Ter Lim, Rachid Sbiaa and S. N. Piramanayagam

{"title":"Emulation of neuron and synaptic functions in spin–orbit torque domain wall devices†","authors":"Durgesh Kumar, Ramu Maddu, Hong Jing Chung, Hasibur Rahaman, Tianli Jin, Sabpreet Bhatti, Sze Ter Lim, Rachid Sbiaa and S. N. Piramanayagam","doi":"10.1039/D3NH00423F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3NH00423F","url":null,"abstract":"Neuromorphic computing (NC) architecture has shown its suitability for energy-efficient computation. Amongst several systems, spin–orbit torque (SOT) based domain wall (DW) devices are one of the most energy-efficient contenders for NC. To realize spin-based NC architecture, the computing elements such as synthetic neurons and synapses need to be developed. However, there are very few experimental investigations on DW neurons and synapses. The present study demonstrates the energy-efficient operations of neurons and synapses by using novel reading and writing strategies. We have used a W/CoFeB-based energy-efficient SOT mechanism to drive the DWs at low current densities. We have used the concept of meander devices for achieving synaptic functions. By doing this, we have achieved 9 different resistive states in experiments. We have experimentally demonstrated the functional spike and step neurons. Additionally, we have engineered the anomalous Hall bars by incorporating several pairs, in comparison to conventional Hall crosses, to increase the sensitivity as well as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We have performed micromagnetic simulations and transport measurements to demonstrate the above-mentioned functionalities.","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 11","pages":" 1962-1977"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141938757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epitaxial strain manipulation of the cluster glass state in LaMnO3 films 外延应变操纵 LaMnO3 薄膜中的团簇玻璃态

IF 8 2区材料科学

Nanoscale Horizons Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1039/D4NH00090K

Yongmei Liang, Haonan Lian, Yaqiang Li, Dan Liu, Baochen Han, Jian Qi and Dongxiao Ma

引用次数: 0

Quantifying the effect of nanosheet dimensions on the piezoresistive response of printed graphene nanosheet networks† 量化纳米片尺寸对印刷石墨烯纳米片网络压阻响应的影响

IF 8 2区材料科学

Nanoscale Horizons Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1039/D4NH00224E

Eoin Caffrey, Jose M. Munuera, Tian Carey and Jonathan N. Coleman

{"title":"Quantifying the effect of nanosheet dimensions on the piezoresistive response of printed graphene nanosheet networks†","authors":"Eoin Caffrey, Jose M. Munuera, Tian Carey and Jonathan N. Coleman","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00224E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00224E","url":null,"abstract":"Printed networks of 2D nanosheets have found a range of applications in areas including electronic devices, energy storage systems and sensors. For example, the ability to print graphene networks onto flexible substrates enables the production of high-performance strain sensors. The network resistivity is known to be sensitive to the nanosheet dimensions which implies the piezoresistance might also be size-dependent. In this study, the effect of nanosheet thickness on the piezoresistive response of nanosheet networks has been investigated. To achieve this, we liquid-exfoliated graphene nanosheets which were then subjected to centrifugation-based size selection followed by spray deposition onto flexible substrates. The resultant devices show increasing resistivity and gauge factor with increasing nanosheet thickness. We analyse the resistivity versus thickness data using a recently reported model and develop a new model to fit the gauge factor versus thickness data. This analysis allowed us to differentiate between the effect of strain on inter-nanosheet junctions and the straining of the individual nanosheets within the network. Surprisingly, our data implies the nanosheets themselves to display a negative piezo response.","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 10","pages":" 1774-1784"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/nh/d4nh00224e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141869768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phase and frequency-resolved microscopy of operating spin Hall nano-oscillator arrays 运行中的自旋霍尔纳米振荡器阵列的相位和频率分辨显微技术

IF 8 2区材料科学

Nanoscale Horizons Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1039/D4NH00260A

A. Alemán, A. A. Awad, S. Muralidhar, R. Khymyn, A. Kumar, A. Houshang, D. Hanstorp and J. Åkerman

{"title":"Phase and frequency-resolved microscopy of operating spin Hall nano-oscillator arrays","authors":"A. Alemán, A. A. Awad, S. Muralidhar, R. Khymyn, A. Kumar, A. Houshang, D. Hanstorp and J. Åkerman","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00260A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00260A","url":null,"abstract":"Coherent optical detection is a powerful technique for characterizing a wide range of physical excitations. Here, we use two optical approaches (fundamental and parametric pumping) to microscopically characterize the high-frequency auto-oscillations of single and multiple nano-constriction spin Hall nano-oscillators (SHNOs). To validate the technique and demonstrate its robustness, we study SHNOs made from two different material stacks, NiFe/Pt and W/CoFeB/MgO, and investigate the influence of both the RF injection power and the laser power on the measurements, comparing the optical results to conventional electrical measurements. To demonstrate the key features of direct, non-invasive, submicron, spatial, and phase-resolved characterization of the SHNO magnetodynamics, we map out the auto-oscillation magnitude and phase of two phase-binarized SHNOs used in Ising machines. This proof-of-concept platform establishes a strong foundation for further extensions, contributing to the ongoing development of crucial characterization techniques for emerging computing technologies based on spintronics devices.","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 10","pages":" 1732-1739"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/nh/d4nh00260a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141869769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Freestanding monolayer CrOCl through chemical exfoliation† 通过化学剥离实现独立单层 CrOCl

IF 8 2区材料科学

Nanoscale Horizons Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1039/D4NH00137K

Graciela Villalpando, Jiaze Xie, Nitish Mathur, Guangming Cheng, Nan Yao and Leslie M. Schoop

引用次数: 0

Two-dimensional layered material photodetectors: what could be the upcoming downstream applications beyond prototype devices? 二维层状材料光电探测器：除原型设备外，下游应用前景如何？

IF 8 2区材料科学

Nanoscale Horizons Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1039/D4NH00170B

Yuhang Ma, Huanrong Liang, Xinyi Guan, Shuhua Xu, Meiling Tao, Xinyue Liu, Zhaoqiang Zheng, Jiandong Yao and Guowei Yang

{"title":"Two-dimensional layered material photodetectors: what could be the upcoming downstream applications beyond prototype devices?","authors":"Yuhang Ma, Huanrong Liang, Xinyi Guan, Shuhua Xu, Meiling Tao, Xinyue Liu, Zhaoqiang Zheng, Jiandong Yao and Guowei Yang","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00170B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00170B","url":null,"abstract":"With distinctive advantages spanning excellent flexibility, rich physical properties, strong electrostatic tunability, dangling-bond-free surface, and ease of integration, 2D layered materials (2DLMs) have demonstrated tremendous potential for photodetection. However, to date, most of the research enthusiasm has been merely focused on developing novel prototype devices. In the past few years, researchers have also been devoted to developing various downstream applications based on 2DLM photodetectors to contribute to promoting them from fundamental research to practical commercialization, and extensive accomplishments have been realized. In spite of the remarkable advancements, these fascinating research findings are relatively scattered. To date, there is still a lack of a systematic and profound summarization regarding this fast-evolving domain. This is not beneficial to researchers, especially researchers just entering this research field, who want to have a quick, timely, and comprehensive inspection of this fascinating domain. To address this issue, in this review, the emerging downstream applications of 2DLM photodetectors in extensive fields, including imaging, health monitoring, target tracking, optoelectronic logic operation, ultraviolet monitoring, optical communications, automatic driving, and acoustic signal detection, have been systematically summarized, with the focus on the underlying working mechanisms. At the end, the ongoing challenges of this rapidly progressing domain are identified, and the potential schemes to address them are envisioned, which aim at navigating the future exploration as well as fully exerting the pivotal roles of 2DLMs towards the practical optoelectronic industry.","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 10","pages":" 1599-1629"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141750559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unraveling the composition of each atomic layer in the MXene/MAX phase structure – identification of oxycarbide, oxynitride, and oxycarbonitride subfamilies of MXenes† 揭示 MXene/MAX 相结构中每个原子层的组成 - 确定 MXenes 的氧碳化物、氧氮化物和氧碳氮化物亚家族

IF 8 2区材料科学

Nanoscale Horizons Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1039/D4NH00151F

Paweł Piotr Michałowski

{"title":"Unraveling the composition of each atomic layer in the MXene/MAX phase structure – identification of oxycarbide, oxynitride, and oxycarbonitride subfamilies of MXenes†","authors":"Paweł Piotr Michałowski","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00151F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00151F","url":null,"abstract":"MXenes, the largest known family of 2D materials, are known for their complicated structure consisting of many different elements. Their properties can be finely tuned by precise engineering of the composition of each atomic layer. Thus it is necessary to further develop the secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) technique which can unambiguously identify each element with atomic precision. The newly established protocol of deconvolution and calibration of the SIMS data enables layer-by-layer characterization of MAX phase and MXene samples with ±1% accuracy. Such precision is particularly important for samples that consist of several different transition metals in their structure. This confirms that most MXenes contain a substantial amount of oxygen in the X layers, thus enabling the identification of oxycarbide, oxynitride, and oxycarbonitride subfamilies of these materials. It can also be applied for under- and over-etched samples and to determine the exact composition of termination layers. Generally, the SIMS technique may provide invaluable support in the synthesis and optimization of MAX phase and MXene studies.","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 9","pages":" 1493-1497"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141737421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interaction- and phonon-induced topological phase transitions in double helical liquids† 双螺旋液体中相互作用和声子诱导的拓扑相变

IF 8 2区材料科学

Nanoscale Horizons Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1039/D4NH00254G

Chen-Hsuan Hsu

{"title":"Interaction- and phonon-induced topological phase transitions in double helical liquids†","authors":"Chen-Hsuan Hsu","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00254G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00254G","url":null,"abstract":"Helical liquids, formed by time-reversal pairs of interacting electrons in topological edge channels, provide a platform for stabilizing topological superconductivity upon introducing local and nonlocal pairings through the proximity effect. Here, we investigate the effects of electron–electron interactions and phonons on the topological superconductivity in two parallel channels of such helical liquids. Interactions between electrons in different channels tend to reduce nonlocal pairing, suppressing the topological regime. Additionally, electron–phonon coupling breaks the self duality in the electronic subsystem and renormalizes the pairing strengths. Notably, while earlier perturbative calculations suggested that longitudinal phonons have no effect on helical liquids themselves to the leading order, our nonperturbative analysis shows that phonons can induce transitions between topological and trivial superconductivity, thereby weakening the stability of topological zero modes. Our findings highlight practical limitations in realizing topological zero modes in various systems hosting helical channels, including quantum spin Hall insulators, higher-order topological insulators, and their fractional counterparts recently observed in twisted bilayer systems.","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 10","pages":" 1725-1731"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/nh/d4nh00254g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141719000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic integration of MXene nanostructures into electrospun fibers for advanced biomedical engineering applications 将 MXene 纳米结构与电纺纤维协同整合，实现先进的生物医学工程应用

IF 8 2区材料科学

Nanoscale Horizons Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1039/D4NH00209A

Xiaobo Li, Shan Wang, Minyan Zheng, Zhanying Ma, Yan Chen, Lingjuan Deng, Weixia Xu, Guang Fan, Sanaz Khademolqorani, Seyedeh Nooshin Banitaba and Ahmed I. Osman

{"title":"Synergistic integration of MXene nanostructures into electrospun fibers for advanced biomedical engineering applications","authors":"Xiaobo Li, Shan Wang, Minyan Zheng, Zhanying Ma, Yan Chen, Lingjuan Deng, Weixia Xu, Guang Fan, Sanaz Khademolqorani, Seyedeh Nooshin Banitaba and Ahmed I. Osman","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00209A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00209A","url":null,"abstract":"MXene-based architectures have paved the way in various fields, particularly in healthcare area, owing to their remarkable physiochemical and electromagnetic characteristics. Moreover, the modification of MXene structures and their combination with polymeric networks have gained considerable prominence to further develop their features. The combination of electrospun fibers with MXenes would be promising in this regard since electrospinning is a well-established technique that is now being directed toward commercial biomedical applications. The introduction of MXenes into electrospun fibrous frameworks has highlighted outcomes in various biomedical applications, including cancer therapy, controlled drug delivery, antimicrobial targets, sensors, and tissue engineering. Correspondingly, this review describes the employed strategies for the preparation of electrospun configurations in tandem with MXene nanostructures with remarkable characteristics. Next, the advantages of MXene-decorated electrospun fibers for use in biomedical applications are comprehensively discussed. According to the investigations, rich surface functional groups, hydrophilicity, large surface area, photothermal features, and antimicrobial and antibacterial activities of MXenes could synergize the performance of electrospun layers to engineer versatile biomedical targets. Moreover, the future of this path is clarified to combat the challenges related to the electrospun fibers decorated with MXene nanosheets.","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 10","pages":" 1703-1724"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/nh/d4nh00209a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141718887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing DNA-based nanodevices activation through cationic peptide acceleration of strand displacement† 通过阳离子肽加速链位移增强 DNA 纳米器件的活化能力

IF 8 2区材料科学

Nanoscale Horizons Pub Date : 2024-07-13 DOI: 10.1039/D4NH00252K

Xianxue Zhang, Ruikai Du, Shichao Xu, Xinyue Wang and Zhen-Gang Wang

{"title":"Enhancing DNA-based nanodevices activation through cationic peptide acceleration of strand displacement†","authors":"Xianxue Zhang, Ruikai Du, Shichao Xu, Xinyue Wang and Zhen-Gang Wang","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00252K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00252K","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic DNA-based nanodevices offer versatile molecular-level operations, but the majority of them suffer from sluggish kinetics, impeding the advancement of device complexity. In this work, we present the self-assembly of a cationic peptide with DNA to expedite toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement (TMSD) reactions, a fundamental mechanism enabling the dynamic control and actuation of DNA nanostructures. The target DNA is modified with a fluorophore and a quencher, so that the TMSD process can be monitored by recording the time-dependent fluorescence changes. The boosting effect of the peptides is found to be dependent on the peptide/DNA N/P ratio, the toehold/invader binding affinity, and the ionic strength with stronger effects observed at lower ionic strengths, suggesting that electrostatic interactions play a key role. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the cationic peptide enhances the responsiveness and robustness of DNA machinery tweezers or logic circuits (AND and OR) involving multiple strand displacement reactions in parallel and cascade, highlighting its broad utility across DNA-based systems of varying complexity. This work offers a versatile approach to enhance the efficiency of toehold-mediated DNA nanodevices, facilitating flexible design and broader applications.","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 9","pages":" 1582-1586"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141613236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0