European journal of microbiology & immunology最新文献

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Tuberculosis challenges: Resistance, co-infection, diagnosis, and treatment. 结核病挑战：耐药性、合并感染、诊断和治疗。

European journal of microbiology & immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-14 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2021.00021

Mohsen Heidary, Maryam Shirani, Melika Moradi, Mehdi Goudarzi, Ramin Pouriran, Tayebe Rezaeian, Saeed Khoshnood

{"title":"Tuberculosis challenges: Resistance, co-infection, diagnosis, and treatment.","authors":"Mohsen Heidary, Maryam Shirani, Melika Moradi, Mehdi Goudarzi, Ramin Pouriran, Tayebe Rezaeian, Saeed Khoshnood","doi":"10.1556/1886.2021.00021","DOIUrl":"10.1556/1886.2021.00021","url":null,"abstract":"Early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB), followed by effective treatment, is the cornerstone of global TB control efforts. An estimated 3 million cases of TB remain undetected each year. Early detection and effective management of TB can prevent severe disease and reduce mortality and transmission. Intrinsic and acquired drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) severely restricted the anti-TB therapeutic options, and public health policies are required to preserve the new medications to treat TB. In addition, TB and HIV frequently accelerate the progression of each other, and one disease can enhance the other effect. Overall, TB-HIV co-infections show an adverse bidirectional interaction. For HIV-infected patients, the risk of developing TB disease is approximately 22 times higher than for persons with a protective immune response. Analysis of the current TB challenges is critical to meet the goals of the end TB strategy and can go a long way in eradicating the disease. It provides opportunities for global TB control and demonstrates the efforts required to accelerate eliminating TB. This review will discuss the main challenges of the TB era, including resistance, co-infection, diagnosis, and treatment.","PeriodicalId":93998,"journal":{"name":"European journal of microbiology & immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9036649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71430403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk Reduction of Needle Stick Injuries Due to Continuous Shift from Unsafe to Safe Instruments at a German University Hospital. 在德国大学医院，由于仪器从不安全到安全的持续转变，针刺伤的风险降低。

European journal of microbiology & immunology Pub Date : 2016-08-23 eCollection Date: 2016-09-29 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2016.00025

Hagen Frickmann, Wibke Schmeja, Emil Reisinger, Thomas Mittlmeier, Karen Mitzner, Norbert Georg Schwarz, Philipp Warnke, Andreas Podbielski

{"title":"Risk Reduction of Needle Stick Injuries Due to Continuous Shift from Unsafe to Safe Instruments at a German University Hospital.","authors":"Hagen Frickmann, Wibke Schmeja, Emil Reisinger, Thomas Mittlmeier, Karen Mitzner, Norbert Georg Schwarz, Philipp Warnke, Andreas Podbielski","doi":"10.1556/1886.2016.00025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/1886.2016.00025","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed protective effects of a continuous introduction of safe instruments in terms of reduction of needle stick injuries. The retrospective study analyzed correlations between the increasing proportion of safe instruments and a reduction of the incidence of needle stick injuries linked to such instruments in a German university hospital over 5 years. Incidents declined about 17.6% from 80.3 incidents per 1000 employees to 66.2, associated with an increase in the proportions of injuries due to instruments without protective mechanisms such as scalpels or hypodermic needles by 12.2%. For injuries due to venipuncture cannulae in various surgical and internal medicine departments, there was a negative association between the proportion of safe instruments and the incidence of injuries. For injection needles, portacath needles, and lancets in selected internal medicine departments, the number of injuries also dropped during this study interval. However, there was no clear-cut association with the percentage of safe instruments. This observational study suggests a correlation between the implementation of use of safe instruments and the reduction of needle stick injuries in a case of a graduated implementation. However, the effects are much less pronounced than in previous interventional studies.","PeriodicalId":93998,"journal":{"name":"European journal of microbiology & immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/1886.2016.00025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72212273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Experimental Models of Ocular Infection with Toxoplasma Gondii. 弓形虫眼部感染的实验模型。

European journal of microbiology & immunology Pub Date : 2015-12-04 eCollection Date: 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2015.00045

Agata Dukaczewska, Roberto Tedesco, Oliver Liesenfeld

{"title":"Experimental Models of Ocular Infection with Toxoplasma Gondii.","authors":"Agata Dukaczewska, Roberto Tedesco, Oliver Liesenfeld","doi":"10.1556/1886.2015.00045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/1886.2015.00045","url":null,"abstract":"Ocular toxoplasmosis is a vision-threatening disease and the major cause of posterior uveitis worldwide. In spite of the continuing global burden of ocular toxoplasmosis, many critical aspects of disease including the therapeutic approach to ocular toxoplasmosis are still under debate. To assist in addressing many aspects of the disease, numerous experimental models of ocular toxoplasmosis have been established. In this article, we present an overview on in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models of ocular toxoplasmosis available to date. Experimental studies on ocular toxoplasmosis have recently focused on mice. However, the majority of murine models established so far are based on intraperitoneal and intraocular infection with Toxoplasma gondii. We therefore also present results obtained in an in vivo model using peroral infection of C57BL/6 and NMRI mice that reflects the natural route of infection and mimics the disease course in humans. While advances have been made in ex vivo model systems or larger animals to investigate specific aspects of ocular toxoplasmosis, laboratory mice continue to be the experimental model of choice for the investigation of ocular toxoplasmosis. ","PeriodicalId":93998,"journal":{"name":"European journal of microbiology & immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/1886.2015.00045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71435047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

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