Ear, nose, & throat journal最新文献

{"title":"Systemic Corticosteroids versus Intratympanic Corticosteroids as Primary Treatments for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Salman M Alosaimi, Nasser E Alotaibi, Abdullah Imadeddin Malek, Bander F Aljarallah, Saja A Alharbi, Sarah B Sindi, Sarah H Atawi, Fatmah A Alenezi, Ahmed S Alzahrani, Faris H Hejazi, Reema S Albalawi, Rami A Alzahrani, Saud L Alsulami, Sharif Almatrafi","doi":"10.1177/01455613261448368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01455613261448368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesIdiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is a rapidly progressive disease that may cause permanent hearing loss. Standard primary treatments include oral corticosteroids (OCs) or intratympanic corticosteroids (ITCs). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of OCs versus ITCs as primary treatments for ISSNHL.DesignThis systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched Medline, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus, identifying 11 RCTs comprising 833 patients.ResultsBoth OCs and ITCs significantly improved hearing, with average pure tone audiometry (PTA) gains ranging from 12 to 40 dB. No significant between-intervention difference was observed in post-treatment PTA. Generally, combination therapy yielded the greatest improvements (>40 dB and >60% recovery). OCs caused systemic adverse effects, whereas ITCs produced mostly mild local effects.ConclusionsBoth treatment routes effectively improved hearing in patients with ISSNHL, with neither demonstrating clear superiority in overall efficacy. However, combination therapy may be associated with better hearing outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93984,"journal":{"name":"Ear, nose, & throat journal","volume":" ","pages":"1455613261448368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Ear, Nose and Throat: A Review of Clinical Implications, Side Effects and High-Risk Airway Surgery Considerations.","authors":"Sivagowri Somasundaram, James Nightingale, Subhapriya Sreedharan, Claire Frauenfelder","doi":"10.1177/01455613261445013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01455613261445013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are a rapidly proliferating class of drugs used for diabetes and obesity management. Their use poses several implications for ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgeons, including high-risk airway surgery considerations. This review highlights pharmacological mechanisms, ENT-specific side effects and perioperative challenges.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A narrative review was performed with comprehensive literature search across PubMed and Google Scholar (2000-2025). International anaesthetic, surgical and endoscopic guidelines were reviewed and synthesised to compare management strategies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GLP-1 RAs function to regulate glucose, reduce appetite and slow gastric emptying, increasing aspiration risk during airway surgery. ENT clinical implications include patulous eustachian tube dysfunction, nasopharyngitis and improvement in sleep apnoea and emerging sinus surgery outcomes. Pre-clinical data suggest a theoretical medullary thyroid cancer risk. Despite endoscopy data showing increased residual gastric content, no studies specifically address risks in airway surgery. Peri-operative guidelines vary, and this review reports the range of recommendations from major international anaesthetic organisations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ENT surgeons must recognise GLP-1 RA associated risks, especially during tubeless airway surgery. An individualised, team-based approach may be necessary for patients, as current guidelines do not reach consensus. ENT side effects of eustachian tube dysfunction, and theoretical risk of medullary thyroid cancer still needs further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93984,"journal":{"name":"Ear, nose, & throat journal","volume":" ","pages":"1455613261445013"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Migratory Thyroid Foreign Body.","authors":"Yun Huang, Liang Luo, Xin-Tao Wang, Long-Gui You, Huan Li","doi":"10.1177/01455613261446601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01455613261446601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foreign bodies in the esophagus and pharynx are common acute emergencies in otolaryngology - head and neck surgery. Most foreign bodies remain lodged in the lumen and can be removed via fiber laryngoscopy, esophagoscopy, or electronic gastroscope. However, a minority of sharp foreign bodies may perforate the wall, leading to wandering neck abscesses. Migratory thyroid foreign bodies are relatively rare, especially when the onset interval exceeds six months. This report presents a case of a 43 - year - old female patient who was admitted due to severe neck pain. After comprehensive examinations, she was diagnosed with a migrated thyroid foreign body and was cured and discharged after open neck surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":93984,"journal":{"name":"Ear, nose, & throat journal","volume":" ","pages":"1455613261446601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconsidering Preoperative Evaluation in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Presenting as a Branchial Cyst.","authors":"Yaşar Özbuğday, Hatice Erdoğan Özbuğday","doi":"10.1177/01455613261450513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01455613261450513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93984,"journal":{"name":"Ear, nose, & throat journal","volume":" ","pages":"1455613261450513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Nomogram to Predict the Risk of Tinnitus Severity in Patients With Unilateral Subjective Tinnitus.","authors":"Xiao-Min Zhai, Jia-Jia Dong, Hong-Lei Zhang, Jun Yuan, Xue-Jing Hao, Rui Guo","doi":"10.1177/01455613231200762","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01455613231200762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> To develop and validate a nomogram for predicting the risk of tinnitus severity in patients with unilateral subjective tinnitus. <b>Methods:</b> The objective of this study was to establish and validate a nomogram specifically designed for patients with unilateral subjective tinnitus. We collected data on unilateral subjective tinnitus from the Air Force Medical Center, including 146 participants between January 2021 and June 2022. Risk factors for unilateral subjective tinnitus severity were evaluated by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and binary logistic regression analysis. Internal verification was used to evaluate the performance of the nomogram. The discriminative ability was measured by the consistency index (C-indices) and the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. <b>Results:</b> All included patients were randomized according to a 7:3 ratio into the training cohort (104 patients) and the validation cohort (42 patients). The LASSO regression model identified sex, tinnitus loudness, and hearing loss as candidate variables. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that gender (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.6-0.95; <i>P</i> = 0.021) and tinnitus loudness (OR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.09-1.72; <i>P</i> = 0.009) were significant predictors of unilateral subjective tinnitus severity, while age, tinnitus matching frequency, and tinnitus duration were not. The significant predictors were included in the nomogram. Hearing loss was included in the nomogram based on prior clinical experience and previous studies. The training and validation cohorts C-indexes were 0.707 (95% CI: 0.607-0.806) and 0.706 (95% CI: 0.548-0.863), respectively. The training and validation cohort's AUC of the ROC curves were 0.692 and 0.705, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> We have developed and validated a nomogram based on gender, hearing loss, and tinnitus loudness, which can effectively predict the risk of tinnitus severity in patients with unilateral subjective tinnitus. The nomogram provides personalized prediction results for patients with unilateral subjective tinnitus, which is beneficial for clinical decision-making and treatment plan development.</p>","PeriodicalId":93984,"journal":{"name":"Ear, nose, & throat journal","volume":" ","pages":"NP360-NP368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41124530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopic Dyeing and Plasma Coblation-Assisted Open Neck Surgery for Pyriform Fossa Branchial Apparatus Anomalies in Adults.","authors":"Xiao-Ying Jia, Kai-Xuan He, Yan-Bo Dong, Yu-He Liu, Cheng Lu, Wan-Xin Li","doi":"10.1177/01455613241253924","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01455613241253924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Pyriform fossa (PF) branchial apparatus anomalies (PFBAA) are rare congenital third or fourth branchial apparatus anomalies (TBAA or FBAA). This article summarizes our paradigm in managing this condition by combining endoscopic procedures and open neck surgery. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective review was undertaken concerning PFBAA cases treated at our tertiary medical institution between July 2020 and November 2023. Data were collected from case records. Three sequential steps were implemented: (1) direct laryngoscopy to identify internal orifice (IO), with injection of methylene blue into it; (2) open neck surgery to resect all inflammatory tissues, focusing on the ligation of the sinus tract out of PF; and (3) plasma coblation of IO mucosa. <b>Results:</b> In total, 7 cases (4 men and 3 women) were included (28-67 years old, median age 53). Presenting symptoms were various, with 6 lesions on the left and 1 on the right side. Preoperative (PO) fiberoptic laryngoscopy identified IO in 6 patients, while PO barium esophageal study identified outflow from PF in 4 patients. A preliminary diagnosis of PFBAA could be established in all cases (2 TBAA and 5 FBAA cases). Direct laryngoscopy after general anesthesia identified IO in all cases (2 on the base of PF and 5 on the apex of PF). All the surgical procedures were successful, with uneventful recovery in all the patients. No postoperative complications were observed. All the patients resumed oral fluid intake after confirmation of no pharyngeal fistula by barium esophageal study on the seventh postoperative day. The duration of follow-up was between 6 and 40 months (with a median duration of 27 months). No recurrence was observed. <b>Conclusion:</b> Open neck surgery, assisted by endoscopic dyeing of sinus tracts and plasma coblation of IO mucosa, is a suitable treatment for PFBAA in adults. This paradigm is effective and safe for senior surgeons.</p>","PeriodicalId":93984,"journal":{"name":"Ear, nose, & throat journal","volume":" ","pages":"276-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141176900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome and Safety of Insulin in the Management of Smell Loss: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Thamer M AlBilasi, Rawan Mahmoud Alanazi, Lama F AlDhawi, Abeer Ali Albathi","doi":"10.1177/01455613231201028","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01455613231201028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Olfactory dysfunction can negatively impact the quality of life and increase the risk of danger from warning odors. Various factors can cause olfactory dysfunction, including COVID-19 infection, which has increased anosmia cases. No medications are approved; however, recent studies have suggested that intranasal insulin could effectively treat olfactory dysfunction. <b>Aim:</b> To comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness and safety of intranasal insulin in treating olfactory dysfunction. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> PubMed, Google Scholar, and CENTRAL databases were searched using specific keywords, and the outputs were screened using the Rayyan AI system. Original research articles published without time frame limitations that reported the relevant outcomes were included. The reviewers performed the screening and data extraction, and any disagreements were resolved by a third senior author. <b>Results:</b> This systematic review identified 66 references from 3 databases, with 45 articles meeting the criteria for review after duplicates were removed. Six articles met the inclusion criteria and were selected, including 177 subjects. The selected studies consisted of various study designs, including pilot studies, placebo-controlled trials, crossover studies, and randomized clinical trials. The findings showed that intranasal insulin therapy had beneficial effects on olfactory function. Specifically, improvements were observed in olfactory detection and discrimination in patients with post-COVID-19 anosmia, olfactory threshold performance in healthy participants, and odor identification in hyposmic patients. However, there were variations in the observed effects based on different doses of insulin administered and gender differences. It also shows that using insulin provides good outcomes. Using it intranasally was safe and did not cause any complications. <b>Conclusion:</b> Intranasal insulin has shown promising results as a potentially safe treatment for olfactory dysfunction. Studies suggest that it can improve olfactory thresholds. Further studies are needed to investigate optimal doses and potential gender differences in response.</p>","PeriodicalId":93984,"journal":{"name":"Ear, nose, & throat journal","volume":" ","pages":"295-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41158527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracapsular Enucleation of Cervical Sympathetic Chain Schwannoma: Improved Strategy of Intraoperative Hemostasis and Better Outcome.","authors":"Shan-Shan Zhu, Hui Zhang, Yan-Bo Dong, Yu-He Liu, Cheng Lu, Wan-Xin Li","doi":"10.1177/01455613241264482","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01455613241264482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Intracapsular enucleation (ICE) of cervical sympathetic chain schwannoma (CSCS) is associated with technical difficulties, with diffuse hemorrhage being the main challenge in our previous attempts. This article presents our new strategy for achieving better hemostasis during ICE procedures in CSCS cases. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective review of CSCS cases treated at our tertiary medical institution was undertaken between April 2018 and February 2024. Only cases with successful ICE were included. <b>Results:</b> A total of 8 cases were included, with 4 male and 4 female patients and an age range of 23 to 77 (average and median ages were 48.5 and 49.5 years, respectively). The presenting symptom was a neck mass for all the patients, with 4 masses on the left and 4 on the right sides. Enucleation was first undertaken for the first 3 cases (before March 2022), followed by hemostasis; this strategy was quite difficult and time-consuming. For the remaining 5 cases, a new strategy was developed to preemptively manage any potential nourishing vessel between the capsule and tumor parenchyma, which significantly decreased operation time (<i>P</i> = .0155) and facilitated hemorrhage control. First bite syndrome (FBS) was avoided in all cases. Postoperative Horner's syndrome (HS) was avoided in 1 patient (Case 6, new strategy) but occurred in 7 patients, taking 8 days to 1 month to recover with the new strategy (4 patients), significantly shorter (<i>P</i> = .0364) than before (3 patients, 1-3 months). The median duration of follow-up was 20 months. No recurrence was documented. <b>Conclusions:</b> ICE was achieved for CSCS cases, especially with our newly developed strategy, by preemptively and securely managing potential nourishing vessels. Operation time and duration of recovery of postoperative HS could both be shortened. Moreover, FBS could be avoided.</p>","PeriodicalId":93984,"journal":{"name":"Ear, nose, & throat journal","volume":" ","pages":"284-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141763445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Versus Noninvasive Manual Repositioning After Cochlear Implant Partial Magnet Dislocation.","authors":"Robin Rupp, Matthias Balk, Moritz Allner, Matti Sievert, Sarina K Mueller, Ulrich Hoppe, Joachim Hornung, Heinrich Iro, Antoniu-Oreste Gostian","doi":"10.1177/01455613231206297","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01455613231206297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> To compare surgical magnet repositioning (SMR) and noninvasive manual magnet repositioning (MMR) as treatments for partial magnet dislocation (PMD) of the internal magnet in a cochlear implant (CI) caused by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The primary objective was the success rate, while the secondary objectives were total postinterventional CI downtime and complications. <b>Methods:</b> This single-center retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary referral medical center. Patients with CI treated for PMD between January 1, 2007 and September 30, 2022 were included. SMR served as primary treatment until June 2019 and as secondary treatment after the introduction of MMR. <b>Results:</b> A total of 51 cases of PMD were observed in 42 patients and 43 devices (18 ♀; 24 ♂; 12 with bilateral CI). MMR was performed successfully in 19 out of 20 cases (95%), while 32 cases were managed successfully by SMR. The median age at first magnet repositioning was 53.8 years (minimum 19 years, maximum 93 years). When MMR was performed, the mean time from diagnosis to treatment (0.5 ± 1.5 days vs 9.8 ± 7.6 days; <i>P</i> < .01), the mean time from repositioning to CI reactivation (1.4 ± 4.3 days vs 13.1 ± 6.7 days; <i>P</i> < .01), and the mean total CI downtime (1.9 ± 4.8 days vs 22.9 ± 11.9 days; <i>P</i> < .01) were significantly shorter compared to SMR. Significantly fewer complications were experienced with MMR [<i>n</i> = 0 (0%) vs <i>n</i> = 8 (25%); <i>P</i> = .04]. <b>Conclusion:</b> In case of PMD caused by MRI, noninvasive MMR shows a high success rate with a shorter total CI downtime as well as a lower complication rate compared to SMR. Therefore, MMR should be considered as first line treatment with SMR as a second option in case of failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":93984,"journal":{"name":"Ear, nose, & throat journal","volume":" ","pages":"NP378-NP384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49686542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Factors Affecting Hearing in Otitis Media With ANCA-Associated Vasculitis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Chen Li, Mengyao Xie, Zhiyuan Wu, Shu Wang, Zhijin Han, Qi Tang, Ruoyan Xue, Yongli Zhang, Hua Yang","doi":"10.1177/01455613231200488","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01455613231200488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies describing the possible prognostic factors affecting hearing outcomes in Otitis media with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (OMAAV) patients. To provide guidance for clinical work, avoiding profound irreversible hearing loss affecting patients' lives. <b>Methods:</b> A literature search was performed in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify English articles published before December 1, 2022. After screening the articles, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the risk of bias of the extracted literature, and studies with high quality (score > 6) were included. <b>Results:</b> Four studies were included: 1 was a retrospective cohort study, and 3 were case-control studies. We performed a meta-analysis of 4 factors: facial palsy, hypertrophic pachymeningitis, ANCA-negative status, and the period from onset to diagnosis. The results showed that there was a significant association between facial palsy [odds ratio (OR) 1.51; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-2.15; <i>I</i>² = 0%; <i>P</i> = .02], hypertrophic pachymeningitis (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.18-2.53; <i>I</i>² = 24%; <i>P</i> = .005), ANCA negativity (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.11-2.77; <i>I</i>² = 33; <i>P</i> = .02), and poor hearing prognosis in OMAAV patients. However, the period from onset to diagnosis (SEM ± SD 2.54; 95% CI -1.56 to 6.64; <i>I</i>² = 98%; <i>P</i> = .22) of OMAAV was not significantly associated with poor hearing outcomes. <b>Conclusion:</b> We found that OMAAV patients with facial palsy, hypertrophic pachymeningitis, and ANCA negativity have a significant association with poor hearing prognosis, which provides diagnosis and treatment guidance in protecting patients' hearing.</p>","PeriodicalId":93984,"journal":{"name":"Ear, nose, & throat journal","volume":" ","pages":"315-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41108810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}