Chemosphere最新文献

{"title":"Temporal and spatial distribution of Platinum Group Elements in rural French metropolitan territory using forest mosses.","authors":"Caroline Meyer, Sébastien Leblond","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although emissions of platinum group elements (PGEs) have been increasing since the 1970s, their levels in rural areas are often considered negligible. We will demonstrate that there is long-distance contamination of forest ecosystems, and that palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt) and rhodium (Rh) levels are increasing over a 5-year period. PGEs levels were analyzed in mosses collected from 371 of the same forest sites in 2016 and 2021. Our results show that concentrations follow the order: Pd > Pt > Rh. Pd levels are all above the limits of quantification in 2016 and 2021, but they have increased over 5 years. Pt and Rh concentrations in mosses were respectively above the limit of quantification (LOQ) at 234 and 71 sites in 2016 and at 371 and 348 sites in 2021. We have shown that Pt is the element with the highest rate of increase, followed by Rh and Pd. This rate of change over 5 years correlates significantly with the initial concentration in 2016. A study of the Pt/Pd, Pt/Rh and Rh/Pd ratios shows a significant increase, confirming a greater increase in Pt and Rh than in Pd over the period. The study of spatial distribution tends to show that the sources of emissions of the elements are different. Nevertheless, it is necessary to work on the forms of PGEs emissions to gain a better understanding of their bioavailability and their impact on organisms, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":93933,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"390 ","pages":"144717"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic investigation of the formation of fluorinated polycyclic aromatic compounds during the thermal decomposition of polyvinylidene fluoride.","authors":"Aaron D Ajeti, Jackson R Cahn, Shubham Vyas","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The formation of products of incomplete destruction (PIDs) resulting from the thermal decomposition of the fluoropolymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) remains inadequately understood and is crucial for environmental impact assessments. The scarcity of analytical standards and challenges associated with sample collection constrains the experimental approaches aimed at product analysis. To address this challenge, computational modeling of the thermal degradation pathways of PVDF offers thermodynamically informed product distributions. The present study employs density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the mechanisms of PVDF chain degradation through competing processes in inert high-temperature conditions. Here, we investigate temperature-dependence on fluoropolymer degradation mechanisms and elucidate the pathways contributing to the formation of 1,1-difluoroethylene, 1,1,3-trifluorobutadiene, hydrofluoric acid, and three types of (polycyclic)aromatic hydrofluorocarbons. A notable pathway discovered is the [4 + 2] Diels Alder reaction which builds up cyclic products, such as 1,3,5-trifluorobenzene, from smaller, highly abundant fragments.</p>","PeriodicalId":93933,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"390 ","pages":"144689"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of microplastics and associated metals in green mussel cultivation: Estimation of potential health risks.","authors":"Yulia Irnidayanti, Marsha Daffa Purwanto, Agoes Soegianto, Mark G J Hartl, Hemen Sarma, Mahesh Narayan","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Green mussels, a popular seafood in Jakarta, have been found to be contaminated with microplastics. Microplastics are hydrophobic, they can adsorb various pollutants, such as metals and persistent organic compounds, onto their surface, thereby increasing the potential for biomagnification through the trophic chain. Microplastic contamination in mussels is a growing concern and may pose health risks to consumers. This research aims to characterize the types of polymers, shape colors, abundance of microplastic, detect heavy metal contaminants on microplastic surfaces in the gills, and estimate the health risks associated with their consumption. The results showed that microplastics were detected in all 120 green mussels sampled, with fragments being the dominant type, followed by fibers and films. The average abundance of microplastics was 18 ± 9.4 particles per individual or 4 ± 2.8 per gram of wet tissue weight and the average wet weight was 4.9 ± 2.15 g. FTIR analysis identified 15 types of polymers, and polymer hazard levels led to risk categories I, II III and V, which is considered very dangerous to human health. The percentages of aluminum and lead on the surface of gill microplastics were 0.15 % and 0.01 %, respectively, while the percentage of aluminum identified in microplastics on the Whatman filter was 0.23 %. The estimated annual quantity of microplastics ingested by humans ranged from 10,192 items to 76,440 items among diverse age ranges. It is estimated that each person in Indonesia ingests 271,313 microplastics annually through the consumption of green mussels. The ingestion of microplastics also leads to the intake of associated heavy metals, posing significant risks to human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":93933,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"390 ","pages":"144719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The total phenolic content in an aqueous solution of chloramphenicol under exposure to UV and e-beam irradiation.","authors":"Olga Tchaikovskaya, Elena Bocharnikova, Nadezhda Bezlepkina, Vladimir Solomonov, Anna Makarova, Alfia Spirina, Stanislav Chaikovsky","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Absorption, fluorescence and cathodoluminescence methods were used to study the transformation of chloramphenicol in water. The Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method was used to determine the total phenolic content (TPC) after the transformation of the antibiotic. New experimental data were obtained on the TPC reduction after the transformation of chloramphenicol in water under the action of UV sources (KrCl, XeBr, XeCl, Xe₂ excilamps and a UVb-04 bactericidal irradiator) and an e-beam. Using HPLC-MS, 5 final products of the antibiotic transformation were found after 1600 pulses of e-beam exposure. After UV irradiation, accumulation of two final photoproducts fluorescing in the region of 350 nm and 430-450 nm was recorded. It was found that the conversion of chloramphenicol in water under the action of an e-beam (when the pulse duration of 2 ns, numbers of pulses from 50 to 3200, an average electron energy of 170 keV, a current density of 130 A/cm², a pulse energy density of 44.2 mJ/cm², and a pulse repetition rate of 1 Hz) was 98.2 %. TPCs in an aqueous solution of chloramphenicol were 23.33 ± 1.63 and 20.19 ± 1.41 mg GAE/g after irradiation with a Xe₂ and the е-beam, respectively. The TPC in aqueous chloramphenicol solution remained stable high at 163.86 ± 11.47 mg GAE/g after exposure to KrCl excilamp irradiation. According to the absorption and fluorescence spectra, it was found that the products of chloramphenicol transformation in water under exposure to e-beam irradiation were minimal, compared to UV irradiation. The obtained data are important for further understanding of the pathways of chloramphenicol transformation affected by the artificial UV and e-beam radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93933,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"386 ","pages":"144602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanocellulose sponges embedding metal oxide nanoparticles for adsorption and photodegradation of microplastics.","authors":"Chandravati Yadav, Kang Ho Chu, Zubaida Hassan, Jeong-Heon Lee, Woo-Dong Jang","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pervasive presence and detrimental impact of microplastics (μPs) on the ecosystem necessitates the development of effective remediation strategies. As potential adsorbents for μPs, we present a strategy utilizing metal oxide nanoparticles and cellulose nanomaterials. A nanocellulosic matrix was prepared by processing microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) and (2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (T-CNF). Magnetic nanocellulose sponges (NCs) embedding Fe₃O₄-TiO₂ nanoparticles into this matrix were prepared using a simple freeze-drying technique. The prepared NCs were modified with hexadecylphosphonic acid (HPA) to utilize its self-assembling behavior with metal oxide nanoparticles in capturing μPs. Surface wettability characteristics revealed the hydrophobic nature of the HPA-modified sponges, with water contact angles exceeding 100°. Polystyrene (PS), a widely used plastic commodity, was chosen as the representative μPs. The adsorption studies on μPs demonstrated a removal efficiency of up to 98 % for PS-NH₂ and 75 % for PS-CO₂H by the optimized sponge. Notably, the NCs exhibited photodegradation of μPs under UV irradiation due to TiO₂ nanoparticles embedded in cellulose matrix. The efficient adsorption capacity combined with remarkable attributes such as easy recovery, recyclability, and biocompatibility of these HPA-functionalized magnetic NCs showcases their potential as a sustainable solution for μPs remediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93933,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"386 ","pages":"144614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomass-derived chars as soil amendments for sustainable agricultural management.","authors":"Daniela Quiñones, Mariona Gil I Cortiella, Luis Morales-Quintana, Po S Poon, Conchi O Ania, Juan Matos","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The application of biomass-derived chars in soil amendment has revealed as a promising strategy as a bio-stimulant aimed to futuristic agriculture. Despite the good performance, the rationalization of the mechanisms and the influence of biochars properties upon driving such performance is far from been achieved. In this review we analyze the impact of the application of biochars and related biomass-derived carbons in agriculture soil management, with a focus on the characteristics of the biochars including the pH, ash content, macronutrients contents (mainly N,P,K), surface area, electron conductivity, cation exchange capacity, and the dose of biochars. Interesting results were found for some of these variables. As an attend to normalize the influence of the biochars properties upon different types of crop yields, an increase factor was introduced and up to 72 values were correlated with the dose of biochars. In addition, the effects of the crop type, irrigation, type of soil on crop yields in presence of biochars are also discussed, as well as the effect of biochars on density and microbial contents of soil. Thus, we do believe the quantity of data and the variety variables included in this review are statistically acceptable to stablish a proper assessment about the influence of using biochars as a sustainable amendment for agriculture management. A critical discussion is presented raising the importance of providing a detailed characterization and analysis of the biochars to understand the impact of their application on different crops at various stages of the seasonal crop cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":93933,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"386 ","pages":"144618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PFAS screening in municipal wastewater effluents and mixed liquor - using TOP assay as a sum parameter.","authors":"H Ulrich, A-S Heldele, M Gierig, T Letzel, J E Drewes","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are a point source for the release of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) into the environment. In our study we investigated wastewater effluent and mixed liquor samples for PFAS in order to obtain information on the current PFAS contamination in municipal WWTPs in Bavaria, Germany. In addition to PFAS target analysis, the total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay was used as a PFAS sum parameter to obtain information on the precursor concentration in the samples. The sewersheds of the investigated wastewater treatment plants were characterized according to the industrial sectors that discharge into the public sewer system using the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE) code. Known PFAS were detected in all effluent samples, except one, and in concentrations up to 4.700 ng L^-1. The concentrations in effluent samples varied widely between the different sampling dates at the individual WWTPs and also between the different WWTPs. The PFAS concentration in the effluent of 65 % of the WWTPs investigated increased significantly by a factor of 2.9 on average after the TOP assay. In the mixed liquor samples, the PFAS concentration ranged between 56 and 440 μg kg^-1 dw. The concentration varied less than in the effluent samples. After the TOP assay the PFAS concentration in the mixed liquor samples increased on average by a factor of 4. The NACE codes alone cannot be used to determine whether low or high PFAS concentrations are to be expected in a municipal WWTP. However, they can provide an indication of PFAS dischargers and help to prioritize further investigations. Without the TOP assay, the PFAS concentration in the effluent and the mixed liquor samples is clearly underestimated. Our investigations identified hotspots with very high PFAS concentrations in the WWTP effluents. Measures must be taken at the sources to prevent the further release of PFAS into the environment via municipal WWTPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93933,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"386 ","pages":"144612"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicity of two different size classes of tire particles from mixed end-of-life car tires to the springtail Sinella curviseta.","authors":"Lucas M Hulscher, Sam van Loon, Cornelis A M van Gestel","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tire particles (TPs) are one of the biggest contributors to microplastic pollution, with reported soil concentrations exceeding 1 % close to busy roads. Little research has been done on the impact of TPs on soil organisms. In this study, two size classes of tire particles, 0-75 μm and 75-180 μm, were compared to determine if size does influence their toxicity to the springtail Sinella curviseta. Adult springtails were exposed for three weeks to TPs spiked in LUFA 2.2 natural soil at concentrations between 0.0016 % and 4 % (w/w). TP addition caused an increase of soil pH at the two highest concentrations, and a dose-related increase of soil Zn concentrations, which were higher for the larger TPs. Available (0.01 M CaCl₂ extractable) Zn concentrations also increased, but were far below toxic levels in all cases. Springtail survival was not affected, but reproduction was decreased by 59 % and 39 % at the highest concentration (4 %) compared to the control for the 0-75 μm and 75-180 μm classes, respectively. EC₅₀s were 3.50 % TPs in soil for the 0-75 μm class and 6.36 % TPs for the 75-180 μm class, and differed significantly between the two size classes (χ²_df = 1 > 3.84, p < 0.05). These results suggest that smaller sized tire particles (0-75 μm) are more toxic to S. curviseta than larger ones (75-180 μm). It may also be concluded that long-term exposure to tire particles may threaten springtail populations at the highest concentrations currently found near roadsides.</p>","PeriodicalId":93933,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"386 ","pages":"144613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequential treatment of tannery wastewater using microalgae and microwave-prepared anodes.","authors":"Daniel E E Miranda, Rocio M A Paricahua, Erick N G Quispe, Ariela J Huanca, Hugo G J Pacheco, Leonardo Curatti, Giancarlo R Salazar-Banda, Lilia M M Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The high concentration of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in tannery wastewater poses a serious threat to human health and environmental safety. These pollutants are difficult to remove through conventional treatment methods. This study investigates an alternative treatment approach that uses a sequential process that combines a biological stage with electrochemical treatment for improved efficiency. In the initial stage, a microalga isolated from local tannery effluent, identified as Chlorella sorokiniana, was used to remove heavy metals, achieving up to 78.43 % removal of chromium, and the almost complete removal of other toxic metals (99.3 % for As, and 98.9 % for V). Although biological treatment initially led to an increase in chemical oxygen demand (COD), extended incubation times resulted in COD reductions of up to 37 %. Various mixed metal oxide (MMO) anodes were prepared for the electrochemical stage using microwave irradiation for calcination. Tannery wastewater pre-treated with microalgae was further treated electrochemically using Ti/(RuO₂)₀.₉(TiO₂)_0.1 and Ti/(RuO₂)_0.9(Sb₂O₅)_0.1 anodes at different current densities. The Ti/(RuO₂)₀.₉(TiO₂)_0.1 anode, calcined at 400 °C and operated at 60 mA/cm², achieved the highest COD removal of 94.25 %, with further reduction in chromium. Under optimized conditions, the energy consumption was 21.4 kWh/m³, marking the lowest reported for electrochemical treatment of tannery wastewater, highlighting the efficiency of these anodes relative to previous studies. Integrating biological and electrochemical methods, this sequential treatment approach significantly improves the removal of organic compounds, chromium, and other pollutants, demonstrating the synergistic effect of the combined process and presenting a more sustainable and effective solution for tannery wastewater treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":93933,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"386 ","pages":"144619"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary investigation into the in vivo kinetics of branched isomers of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids in human bile, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid: A comparison to linear isomers.","authors":"Yukiko Fujii, Kouji H Harada","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) are persistent in the environment, and can enter the human body. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo kinetics of branched PFCAs with seven to fourteen carbon atoms (C₇ to C₁₄) using samples collected different individuals: bile (n = 5), urine (n = 10), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (n = 7), with their corresponding serum. This study revealed that the clearance values of PFCAs were greatly affected by whether they were linear or branched. Furthermore, it demonstrated that C₇ and C₈ branched PFCAs had higher total (renal plus fecal) clearance values than their linear counterparts and that they were more easily excreted from the body via urine (higher renal clearances). However, when the chain length was C₉ or longer, the clearance value was almost the same as that of linear PFCAs because fecal clearance through the bile is the main route of clearance from C₉ onwards, and there is no significant difference in fecal clearance between branched and linear ones. The ratio of branched to linear PFCAs in the CSF was similar as that in the serum for all PFCAs (C₇ to C₁₄) measured, and there appeared to be no difference in blood-brain barrier permeability. This information will be useful for evaluating potential health risks related to branched PFCAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93933,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"385 ","pages":"144409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}