Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia最新文献

{"title":"Visual and anatomical outcomes after early phacovitrectomy for diabetic tractional retinal detachment without macular involvement.","authors":"P Á García-Uribe, B J Pérez-Aragón, L F Yáñez-Ortega, C Palacio-Pastrana, C Zepeda-Palacio","doi":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Diabetic tractional retinal detachment (TRD) is an advanced complication of proliferative diabetic retinopathy that may lead to irreversible visual loss. When the macula remains uninvolved, surgical treatment before macular involvement may be clinically relevant. The aim of this study was to describe the 6-month anatomical and visual outcomes of phacovitrectomy performed within 45 days of diagnosis in patients with diabetic TRD without macular involvement and to explore the association between detachment extent and final visual acuity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective observational cohort study included patients with diabetic TRD without macular involvement treated with primary phacovitrectomy at a tertiary center between January 2019 and December 2020. Procedures consisted of 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. Preoperative intravitreal aflibercept was administered 5-7 days before surgery in 95% of cases. Primary outcomes were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA, logMAR) at 6 months and the primary retinal reattachment rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty eyes from 58 patients with a minimum follow-up of 6 months were included. Mean BCVA improved from 1.67 logMAR (approximately 20/935) preoperatively to 0.80 logMAR (approximately 20/126) at 3 months and to 0.62 logMAR (approximately 20/83) at 6 months. Pairwise comparisons showed statistically significant differences between baseline and 3 months (p < 0.001), 3 and 6 months (p < 0.001), and baseline and 6 months (p < 0.001). The primary retinal reattachment rate was 98.3%. No statistically significant association was found between the number of involved quadrants and final BCVA (p = 0.35).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this retrospective cohort, phacovitrectomy performed within 45 days of diagnosis in patients with diabetic TRD without macular involvement was associated with a high anatomical reattachment rate and significant functional improvement at 6 months. These findings describe favorable outcomes in this subgroup and support the need for prospective comparative studies evaluating the effect of surgical timing on visual prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":93886,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia","volume":" ","pages":"502651"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149129603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic isotretinoin-associated Salzmann-like nodular degeneration in a young adult","authors":"V. Martínez Serna,&nbsp;P. Navarro Torres,&nbsp;A. Romero Titos","doi":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 19-year-old male undergoing systemic isotretinoin therapy presented with bilateral corneal nodules resembling Salzmann nodular degeneration (SND). He had no prior ocular comorbidities and reported mild itching. Slitlamp examination revealed inflammatory nodules with pannus and blepharitis; optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirmed no stromal involvement. Systemic retinoid therapy was discontinued, and topical antiinflammatory treatment initiated. Despite transient visual decline, the patient improved over six months, with resolution of symptoms and stabilization of the corneal lesions. The temporal relationship between isotretinoin use and lesion onset, in the absence of other risk factors, suggests a possible association between systemic retinoids and SND-like pathology. This case highlights the importance of ophthalmologic monitoring in patients on retinoid therapy and raises awareness of potential corneal complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93886,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia","volume":"101 10","pages":"Article 502563"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147719262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of pre- and perioperative anxiety on cardiovascular parameters and intraocular pressure of patients awaiting phacoemulsification surgery","authors":"G. Dimitrova,&nbsp;A. Gjorgjiovska,&nbsp;A. Ljubic,&nbsp;S.M. Jordanovska","doi":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objectives</h3><div>To evaluate pre- and perioperative anxiety in patients scheduled for cataract surgery and to assess its correlation with cardiovascular parameters and intraocular pressure (IOP).</div></div><div><h3>Patients or materials and methods</h3><div>Thirty cataract surgery patients were included. Exclusion criteria included previous ocular surgery, glaucoma, and ocular inflammation. Anxiety levels were assessed using a visual facial anxiety scale (VFAS). Systemic blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and IOP were measured using a sphygmomanometer and an air-puff tonometer, with mean values calculated from three readings. VFAS, BP, HR, and IOP were recorded during the pre- and perioperative periods. A <em>t</em>-test compared parameters, and Pearson’s coefficient was used to analyze correlations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients reported mild to moderate anxiety during both the pre- and perioperative periods. Cardiovascular parameters and IOP showed no significant differences between the two periods. IOP correlated significantly with HR perioperatively (R = 0.62, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and with systolic BP preoperatively (R = 0.47, <em>P</em> = 0.009). Preoperatively, patients with moderate to high anxiety had higher IOP (17.06 ± 1.69 mmHg) than those with no to mild/moderate anxiety (14.74 ± 2.41 mmHg; <em>P</em> = 0.006).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher anxiety levels increase IOP preoperatively. Assessing BP, HR, and IOP, as well as alleviating anxiety may improve surgical outcomes and ensure stress-free procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93886,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia","volume":"101 10","pages":"Article 502610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regression of Bitot spot after vitamin A supplementation","authors":"J. Molina García","doi":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502613","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93886,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia","volume":"101 10","pages":"Article 502613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148611106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy (PION) secondary to acute orbital hemorrhage: a case report and literature review","authors":"M.C. Baserga,&nbsp;M. Biga,&nbsp;G. Morocho Hermosa,&nbsp;S. Vivante,&nbsp;M. Clementi,&nbsp;J.P. Aldecoa","doi":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a case and literature review regarding posterior ischemic optic neuropathy (PION) in the context of orbital hemorrhage following cosmetic blepharoplasty. A 49-year-old male patient, who underwent resection of residual fat from a previous blepharoplasty, developed acute orbital hemorrhage six hours postoperatively, with sudden visual loss, painful proptosis, and a relative afferent pupillary defect. Urgent decompressive surgery was performed. Ultimately, the patient did not experience visual improvement, and optic atrophy was evident one month later, confirming the diagnosis of PION. Potential pathophysiological mechanisms include direct nerve compression, venous stasis, epinephrine-induced vasoconstriction, vascular steal phenomena, orbital fat traction, and alterations in coagulation and blood pressure. The various hemodynamic, orbital, and systemic mechanisms demonstrate the importance of considering PION as a possible cause of acute visual loss after eyelid procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93886,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia","volume":"101 10","pages":"Article 502588"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of glaucoma in a patient with Phenylketonuria: A case report and review","authors":"I. Platas Moreno,&nbsp;P. Drake Rodríguez-Casanova,&nbsp;J.J. Dominguez Cañete","doi":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phenylketonuria is a metabolic disorder in which structural retinal alterations have been reported and may interfere with the interpretation of diagnostic tests for glaucoma.</div><div>We report the case of a 59-year-old woman with phenylketonuria who was under follow-up for suspected glaucoma and presented with an intraocular pressure of 22 mmHg in the right eye and 50 mmHg in the left eye. Optical coherence tomography showed thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer in the inferior sector, without corresponding visual field defects. Despite maximal medical therapy—adjusted in light of her systemic condition—adequate intraocular pressure control was not achieved, and the patient required phacoemulsification combined with non-penetrating deep sclerectomy.</div><div>This case underscores the need for an individualized approach to the diagnosis and follow-up of glaucoma in patients with phenylketonuria, as well as heightened caution in therapeutic management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93886,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia","volume":"101 10","pages":"Article 502577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148019314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conjunctival AL amyloidosis as the initial manifestation of multiple myeloma","authors":"S. Melgar Martín,&nbsp;M.I. Soler Sanchis,&nbsp;L. Pérez Zaballos,&nbsp;R. Calvo Andrés,&nbsp;L. Mata Moret,&nbsp;E. Cervera Taulet","doi":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conjunctival amyloidosis is an uncommon entity, generally primary and localized, that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of conjunctival lesions. We present the case of a 74-year-old man with no relevant medical history who, during follow-up after cataract surgery, developed elevated yellowish-salmon conjunctival plaques. Incisional biopsy revealed subepithelial amyloid deposits, positive for Congo red and immunohistochemistry consistent with AL amyloidosis with kappa light chain restriction. The initial systemic evaluation was normal; however, clinical progression led to the diagnosis of multiple myeloma with multisystemic involvement. Systemic treatment did not reduce the size of the conjunctival lesions, but topical cyclosporine improved ocular discomfort and the sensation of a foreign body. This case highlights the role of the ophthalmologist in the early detection of systemic diseases. Histological confirmation is essential, and although there is no specific treatment, symptomatic management and multidisciplinary follow-up improve the patient’s quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93886,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia","volume":"101 10","pages":"Article 502556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147719196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do name characteristics influence citation counts in ophthalmology?","authors":"M.E. Kapsetaki","doi":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined whether name characteristics influence citation counts in ophthalmology. This was done by assessing 5407 papers published between 2015 and 2020 in four ophthalmology journals. Analyses of first and last authors’ names considered factors such as length, consonant sequences, alphabetical order, and popularity. After controlling for the year of publication, the number of authors, and the type of publication, only one association was found to be statistically significant; specifically, that the longer a consonant sequence was in the first-author’s forename the more citations their publication received. Future research could address broader datasets and additional academic outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93886,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia","volume":"101 10","pages":"Article 502575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148019372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of central corneal opacities using manual and femtosecond laser–assisted rotational anterior lamellar autokeratoplasty: A descriptive case series","authors":"J.A. Gegúndez-Fernández,&nbsp;B. Burgos-Blasco,&nbsp;M. Ariño-Gutiérrez,&nbsp;P. Pérez-García,&nbsp;M. Molero-Senosiain,&nbsp;D. Díaz-Valle","doi":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>To describe the outcomes of rotational anterior lamellar autokeratoplasty (RALK) in central corneal opacities, assessing changes in visual acuity, astigmatism, and central corneal densitometry.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Retrospective descriptive case series of 9 eyes with central opacities and at least 4 mm of clear peripheral cornea, treated with manual RALK or femtosecond laser-assisted RALK. Demographic and clinical variables, leucoma characteristics, surgical parameters and postoperative evolution of best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), astigmatism, and central corneal densitometry (CCD) were analyzed. Pre- and postoperative values were compared, with statistical significance set at <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean age was 44.9 years (5 women, 4 men) with a mean interval to surgery of 19.8 months. Mean leucoma area was 9.73 mm², with a depth of 268.4 μm and corneal thickness of 426.3 μm. Lamellar cut depth was 280.9 μm and graft diameter 7.9 mm. Median number of sutures was 4 (range 3–16). In 5 cases, the opacity was displaced to the superior cornea. BCDVA improved from 0.17 to 0.57 (decimal scale) at one year (<em>p</em> = 0.008). Astigmatism decreased from 7.7 to 5.9 D (<em>p</em> = 0.425), and CCD from 61.1% to 25.0% (<em>p</em> = 0.008). Mean follow-up was 2.4 years. One herpetic recurrence and two additional surgical procedures were recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>RALK is an effective and safe technique for relocating central corneal opacities outside the visual axis and improving visual function in selected patients. Femtosecond laser assistance provides greater precision and edge congruency, which may facilitate earlier suture removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93886,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia","volume":"101 10","pages":"Article 502612"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety at 12 months of PRESERFLO® combined with DuraGen® and morphological evaluation using AS-OCT","authors":"V.T. Pérez-Torregrosa,&nbsp;A. Caro-Ortega,&nbsp;I. Pérez-Cantó,&nbsp;Á. Ojeda-Parot,&nbsp;J. Pérez-Martínez,&nbsp;E. Gracia-Rovira,&nbsp;M. Huerta-Morales,&nbsp;A. Cabrera-Peset,&nbsp;A. Duch-Samper","doi":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftale.2026.502617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>To evaluate the efficacy and safety at 12 months of PRESERFLO® implantation combined with 0.04% MMC and the interposition of DuraGen® in patients with moderate or severe glaucoma, and to analyse bleb morphology using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Prospective study including 50 eyes that underwent PRESERFLO® implantation with 0.04% MMC and DuraGen®, either as a standalone procedure or combined with cataract surgery. Complete success was defined as achieving an intraocular pressure (IOP) between 5 and 18 mmHg without topical hypotensive treatment, qualified success when this range was achieved with treatment, and failure when these criteria were not met. Postoperative complications and bleb morphology were assessed using AS-OCT. In addition, a comparative subanalysis between standalone and combined surgery was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean preoperative IOP was 26.8 ± 7.1 mmHg and decreased to 13.1 ± 4.5 mmHg, representing a mean reduction of 47.9% (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). Complete success was achieved in 42 eyes (84%), qualified success in 5 eyes (10%), and failure was observed in 3 eyes (6%). The most frequent complication was choroidal detachment (22%). No significant differences were observed between standalone and combined surgery regarding final IOP or surgical success rates. In successful cases, AS-OCT more frequently showed a suprascleral aqueous lake, whereas failed cases presented a flat bleb.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PRESERFLO® implantation combined with 0.04% MMC and DuraGen® was effective and safe for IOP control at 12 months. AS-OCT allows identification of morphological patterns associated with success and failure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93886,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia","volume":"101 10","pages":"Article 502617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148610910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}