Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research最新文献

{"title":"When Public Will Meets Legislative Resistance: Five Lessons from Ohio's Issue 2 Cannabis Legalization Controversy.","authors":"Bryant M Stone","doi":"10.1089/can.2024.0022","DOIUrl":"10.1089/can.2024.0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, I explore the challenges of legalizing cannabis in Ohio, focusing on the passing of the Issue 2 Bill, legislative resistance, and public response. I propose five strategies for effective policy change: persistent advocacy post policy change success, establishing strong coalitions, empowering grassroots movements, promoting rigorous data-driven research, and launching public education campaigns. I offer a detailed analysis of the interaction between public opinion and legislative action in cannabis legalization and its implications for substance-related policy change.</p>","PeriodicalId":9386,"journal":{"name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","volume":" ","pages":"e371-e372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140286993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabidiol Enhances the Anticancer Activity of Etoposide on Prostate Cancer Cells.","authors":"Yalcin Erzurumlu, Deniz Catakli","doi":"10.1089/can.2023.0284","DOIUrl":"10.1089/can.2023.0284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> <i>Cannabis sativa</i> extract has been used as an herbal medicine since ancient times. It is one of the most researched extracts, especially among supportive treatments against cancer. Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancer types in men worldwide and an estimated 288,300 new cases were diagnosed in 2023. Today, many advanced therapeutic approaches are used for prostate cancer, such as immunotherapy and chemotherapy, but acquired drug resistance, long-term drug usage and differentiation of cancer cells mostly restricted the efficiency of therapies. Therefore, it is thought that the use of natural products to overcome these limitations and improve the effectiveness of existing therapies may offer promising approaches. The present study focused on the investigation of the possible enhancer role of cannabidiol (CBD), which is a potent ingredient compound of Cannabis, on the chemotherapeutic agent etoposide in prostate cancer cells. <b>Methods:</b> Herein, we tested the potentiator role of CBD on etoposide in prostate cancer cells by testing the cytotoxic effect, morphological alterations, apoptotic effects, autophagy, unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling, endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation mechanism (ERAD), angiogenic and androgenic factors, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, we examined the combined treatment of CBD and etoposide on colonial growth, migrative, invasive capability, 3D tumor formation, and cellular senescence. <b>Results:</b> Our findings demonstrated that cotreatment of etoposide with CBD importantly suppressed autophagic flux and induced ERAD and UPR signaling in LNCaP cells. Also, CBD strongly enhanced the etoposide-mediated suppression of androgenic signaling, angiogenic factor VEGF-A, protooncogene c-Myc, EMT, and also induced apoptosis through activation caspase-3 and PARP-1. Moreover, coadministration markedly decreased tumorigenic properties, such as proliferative capacity, colonial growth, migration, and 3D tumor formation and also induced senescence. Altogether, our data revealed that CBD has a potent enhancer effect on etoposide-associated anticancer activities. <b>Conclusion:</b> The present study suggests that the use of CBD as a supportive therapy in existing chemotherapeutic approaches may be a promising option, but this effectiveness needs to be investigated on a large scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":9386,"journal":{"name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","volume":" ","pages":"258-276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142003685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Cannabis Use with Complications Among Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Insights from National Inpatient Sample.","authors":"Avneet Kaur, Ishandeep Singh, Isha Kohli, Sahiljot Singh Bhupal, Jay Patel, Nikki Nikzad, Aalam Sohal, Juliana Yang","doi":"10.1089/can.2024.0011","DOIUrl":"10.1089/can.2024.0011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objective:</b> Cannabis, one of the most widely used recreational drug in the United States, has had a significant surge in usage following its legalization in 1996. In recent years, there has been research into the physiological effects of cannabis on the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Our study aims to systematically examine the association between cannabis use and complications of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). <b>Materials and Methods:</b> We queried the 2016-2020 National Inpatient Sample database to identify patient encounters with GERD. Patients with eosinophilic esophagitis or missing demographics were excluded. We compared patient demographics, comorbidities, and complications among cannabis users and nonusers. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between cannabis use and complications of GERD. <b>Results:</b> A total of 27.2 million patient encounters were included in the analysis, out of which 507,190 were cannabis users. Majority of the cannabis users were aged between 45-64 years (46.6%), males (57.4%), White (63.84%), and belonged to the lowest income quartile (40.6%). Cannabis users demonstrated a higher prevalence of esophagitis compared to nonusers (6.11% vs. 3.23%, <i>p</i><0.001). However, they exhibited a lower rates of esophageal stricture (0.6% vs. 0.8%, <i>p</i><0.001) and esophageal cancer (0.2% vs. 0.24%, <i>p</i><0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, cannabis users were noted to have higher odds of esophagitis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30-1.39, <i>p</i><0.001). A lower odds of esophageal stricture (aOR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81-0.96, <i>p</i>=0.02) and esophageal cancer (aOR: 0.48,95% CI: 0.42-0.57, <i>p</i><0.001) were noted. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our cross-sectional study using the nationally available database indicates an association between cannabis use and higher odds of esophagitis, along with lower odds of esophageal stricture and cancer. While these findings suggest a potential relationship between cannabis use and esophageal complications, it is limited in establishing causality. Therefore, further long-term studies are warranted to understand the mechanism behind this association and to determine if cannabis use has an impact on esophagus.</p>","PeriodicalId":9386,"journal":{"name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","volume":" ","pages":"e333-e340"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of Cannabinoids Administered via a Novel Orobuccal Nanoparticle Formulation (NanoCelle™) in Patients with Advanced Cancer.","authors":"Stephanie E Reuter, Hayley B Schultz, Andrew J McLachlan, Jeremy D Henson, Luis Vitetta","doi":"10.1089/can.2024.0117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/can.2024.0117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The administration of cannabinoids for disease and symptom management such as pain continues to elicit significant interest, albeit limited information that is available regarding their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to guide clinical practice. Cannabis-based medicines contain a wide variety of chemical compounds, of which the most common include the cannabinoids delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9THC), and the nonpsychomimetic cannabidiol (CBD). The pharmacokinetics of cannabis-based medicines and the effects observed depend on the formulation and route of administration. THC and CBD are subject to extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism and pharmacokinetic drug interactions, the latter via inhibition or induction of enzymes and transporters. This study was conducted to describe the pharmacokinetics of CBD, THC, and its metabolites following orobuccal administration, providing pivotal information to guide the clinical development program of a self-assembled micellized nanoparticle formulation containing 1:1 Δ9THC and CBD. <b>Methods:</b> Pharmacokinetic data was obtained from a phase 1, two-stage study in patients with advanced cancer, and modelled using a population pharmacokinetic approach. To provide an indication of predicted exposure with multiple dosing, the final population pharmacokinetic models were used to simulate concentration-time profiles for each of the active compounds. <b>Results:</b> The developed population pharmacokinetic models provided important information on the bioavailability of CBD and THC, with estimated values of 10% and 27%, respectively. These values were approximately two-fold greater than that which has been previously described for oromucosal formulations. <b>Discussion:</b> This enhanced bioavailability can most likely be attributed to the NanoCelle® technology. This technology provides evidence to support the application of this innovative drug delivery platform to overcome limitations associated with cannabinoid administration for therapeutic use.</p>","PeriodicalId":9386,"journal":{"name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighborhood Sociodemographic Correlates of Cannabis Dispensary Availability in States with Legalized Adult Recreational Use, United States, 2021.","authors":"Bryce C Lowery, Madison R E Swayne, Amanda Y Kong","doi":"10.1089/can.2024.0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/can.2024.0065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The availability of recreational cannabis in the United States has increased dramatically. Neighborhood cannabis dispensary availability may increase problematic use. State and local studies suggest that cannabis dispensary availability may be correlated with neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics. We provide a national-level examination of census tract (CT) sociodemographic characteristic correlates with the availability of cannabis dispensaries in 18 U.S. states that have legalized adult recreational cannabis use. <b>Methods:</b> We downloaded the locations of cannabis dispensaries (<i>N</i> = 3,167) from Weedmaps in November 2021. We downloaded ethnic, racial, and socioeconomic estimates from the U.S. Census and categorized CTs into quintiles (Q), where Q1 represents the CTs with the lowest percentage of a variable and Q5 represents CTs with the highest. We fit unadjusted generalized linear mixed models to examine associations between quintiles of each sociodemographic characteristic and the presence of at least one dispensary (vs. none). <b>Results:</b> CTs with a greater percentage of Black residents had a higher odds of having at least one cannabis dispensary (vs. none) across all quintiles. For example, compared to CTs with the lowest percentage of Black residents (Q1), CTs with the greatest percentage of Black residents (Q5) had 2.07 (95% CI: 1.70-2.52) times the odds of having at least one dispensary versus none. We observed a similar pattern of a greater likelihood of a CT having a dispensary (vs. none) as the percentage of Hispanic/Latine residents and percentage of individuals living below the federal poverty line increased across all quintiles. In contrast, as the percentage of homeowner-occupied housing increased across all quintiles, there were lower odds of having at least one dispensary (vs. none). For example, CTs with the highest percentage of homeowner-occupied housing (vs. lowest) had 0.21 (95% CI: 0.17-0.26) times the odds of having at least one dispensary vs. none. <b>Discussion/Conclusions:</b> Differences in cannabis dispensary availability exist by neighborhood sociodemographic composition. The growing acceptance of cannabis, concern about public health and safety, and the proliferation of adult recreational use laws offer local and state policymakers an opportunity to engage local communities in shared decision-making about the location of dispensaries.</p>","PeriodicalId":9386,"journal":{"name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Disease Symptoms Self-Managed by Cannabis During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results from the COVID-19 Cannabis Health Study.","authors":"Nicole O'Dell, Amrit Baral, Marvin Reid, Bria-Necole A Diggs, Jessica Y Islam, Marlene Camacho-Rivera, Johis Ortega, Denise C Vidot","doi":"10.1089/can.2023.0234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/can.2023.0234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted billions of people worldwide, particularly those with chronic health conditions, and has been associated with increases in substance use, including cannabis. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of cannabis use for symptom management of chronic health conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. <b>Methods:</b> The COVID-19 Cannabis Health Study is an ongoing study among adults ≥18 who self-report cannabis use. Analyses included 1,466 responses received between March 21, 2020, and March 23, 2022, from participants who self-reported cannabis use and a chronic health condition. We examined comorbidities, symptoms managed with cannabis during the COVID-19 pandemic, and fear regarding COVID-19 diagnosis and transmission using the COVID-19 Cannabis Health Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared, and T-tests were conducted. Results were stratified by those who reported using cannabis to manage a chronic health condition (medicinal cannabis user, <i>n</i> = 1,333) and those who did not use cannabis to manage chronic health condition (non-medicinal cannabis user, <i>n</i> = 133). <b>Results:</b> Most (90.9%, <i>n</i> = 1,333) of the total sample (mean age: 47.1 years [standard deviations {SD} = 15.0]) reported using cannabis to manage a chronic health condition, of which 46.1% (<i>n</i> = 615) reported having a medical card/recommendation, and 4.6% received recommendations to use cannabis to manage COVID-19 from health professionals. There were significant differences in age, gender, race/ethnicity, and education by medicinal cannabis use status. Comorbidities prevalent among medicinal cannabis consumers were mental health-related (66.1%), pain (58.5%), cardiometabolic-related (30.5%), immune-related (21.9%), and respiratory-related (20.8%). The most reported symptoms self-managed with cannabis during the pandemic were sleep (69.2%), chronic noncancer pain (49.7%), acute pain (46.5%), headaches/migraines (39.0%), muscle spasms (33.6%), nausea/vomiting (30.6%), and appetite stimulant (29.9%). There were no statistical differences in COVID-19 testing, fear of diagnosis, fear of transmission, or isolation due to COVID-19 between medicinal and nonmedicinal cannabis consumers in this sample. <b>Conclusions:</b> The perceived therapeutic benefit of cannabis during the COVID-19 pandemic is evident by the high prevalence of adults who reported using cannabis for medicinal reasons despite no recommendation from their health provider. Research is necessary to understand the prospective impact of cannabis use for self-management of chronic disease, especially within the context of COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":9386,"journal":{"name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143498940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Adverse Events of Therapeutic Cannabinoids in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Parsa Karimi, Maria Sunil, Russell Leong, Jose Luis Ramirez-GarciaLuna, Elyanne Ratcliffe, Gregorio Zuniga-Villanueva","doi":"10.1089/can.2024.0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/can.2024.0104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The endocannabinoid system plays a crucial role in gastrointestinal homeostasis; although some gastrointestinal adverse events have been reported with therapeutic cannabinoids in children, the complete profile of gastrointestinal adverse events in the pediatric population remains unknown. Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to identify the prevalence of gastrointestinal adverse events from therapeutic cannabinoids in children. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A literature search of OVID MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library was performed from inception to May 19, 2023. Selected studies included randomized controlled trials, retrospective cohort studies, uncontrolled before-after studies, and observational retrospective studies in English, French, or Spanish that reported gastrointestinal adverse events in the pediatric population under therapeutic cannabinoid interventions. The study was registered with PROSPERO and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses reporting guidelines. A random-effects model was used to pool and analyze the extracted data. Extracted data included the presence of adverse gastrointestinal events by analyzing the type of cannabinoid, duration of treatment, dosage, and type of study. A subgroup meta-analysis was also performed, focusing on patients' conditions. <b>Results:</b> Twenty-five studies were included, comprising 1,201 pediatric patients receiving therapeutic cannabinoids, of whom 451 experienced gastrointestinal adverse events, representing a cumulative prevalence of 33.91% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.49% to 49.04%). Interventional studies reported a higher prevalence of GI adverse events (47.36%; 95% CI: 31% to 64%) compared with observational studies (17.6%; 95% CI: 8.5% to 32.7%). As most studies focused on patients with epilepsy, a subanalysis was performed within this population, revealing that patients with Dravet syndrome had a higher prevalence of diarrhea compared with other types of epilepsy (21.75%; 95% CI: 8.52% to 45.34% vs. 5.95%; 95% CI: 3.11% to 11.1%). <b>Discussion:</b> This systematic review and meta-analysis showed a high prevalence of gastrointestinal adverse events in children receiving therapeutic cannabinoids, with some populations, such as those with Dravet syndrome, being at higher risk than others. With the increased public discourse of cannabinoids being \"natural\" and mistakenly equating them as \"risk-free,\" this information can help clinicians educate patients and the broader public on the adverse effects profile of these treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":9386,"journal":{"name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial Consequences of One-Month Oral Treatment with Cannabis Oil on Cardiac Hypertrophy and the Mitochondrial Pool in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.","authors":"Erica Vanesa Pereyra, Joshua Godoy Coto, Jorge Omar Velez Rueda, Fiorella Anabel Cavalli, Luisa Fernanda González Arbelaez, Juliana Catalina Fantinelli, Oswaldo Aranda, Jorge Esteban Colman Lerner, Enrique Leo Portiansky, Susana Maria Mosca, Irene Lucia Ennis","doi":"10.1089/can.2024.0066","DOIUrl":"10.1089/can.2024.0066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> It has been demonstrated the dysregulation of the cardiac endocannabinoid system in cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the modulation of this system through the administration of phytocannabinoids present in medicinal cannabis oil (CO) emerges as a promising therapeutic approach. Furthermore, phytocannabinoids exhibit potent antioxidant properties, making them highly desirable in the treatment of cardiac pathologies, such as hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy (CH). <b>Objective:</b> To evaluate the effect of CO treatment on hypertrophy and mitochondrial status in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) hearts. <b>Methods:</b> Three-month-old male SHR were randomly assigned to CO or olive oil (vehicle) oral treatment for 1 month. We evaluated cardiac mass and histology, mitochondrial dynamics, membrane potential, area and density, myocardial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and citrate synthase (CS) activity and expression. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n) and compared by <i>t</i>-test, or two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni <i>post hoc</i> test were used as appropriate. <i>p</i> < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. <b>Results:</b> CH was reduced by CO treatment, as indicated by the left ventricular weight/tibia length ratio, left ventricular mass index, myocyte cross-sectional area, and left ventricle collagen volume fraction. The ejection fraction was preserved in the CO-treated group despite the persistence of elevated systolic blood pressure and the reduction in CH. Mitochondrial membrane potential was improved and mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, area, and density were all increased by treatment. Moreover, the activity and expression of the CS were enhanced by treatment, whereas ROS production was decreased and the antioxidant activity of SOD increased by CO administration. <b>Conclusion:</b> Based on the mentioned results, we propose that 1-month oral treatment with CO is effective to reduce hypertrophy, improve the mitochondrial pool and increase the antioxidant capacity in SHR hearts.</p>","PeriodicalId":9386,"journal":{"name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","volume":" ","pages":"e134-e144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Endocannabinoid System as a Target for Ischemic Stroke Therapy.","authors":"Solange de Souza Stork, Khiany Mathias, David Dos Santos, Fabrício Weinheimer Lippert, Richard Simon Machado, Victor Duílio Maragno, Larissa Joaquim, Samara Souza Stork, Rafael Mariano Bitencourt, Franciane Bobinski, Fabricia Petronilho","doi":"10.1089/can.2024.0017","DOIUrl":"10.1089/can.2024.0017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Cannabinoids are increasingly being explored as a potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. This article aims to provide a narrative review of available data on the treatment of neurological disorders with cannabis constituents, focusing on ischemic stroke. <b>Methods:</b> Selected articles are summarized to describe design, results, limitations, conclusions, and implications about this theme. <b>Results:</b> The growing understanding of the endocannabinoid system and the cannabinoid receptors distribution in all human body systems and organs and particularly in brain structures importantly involved in myelination processes, suggests potential benefits for stroke symptoms and overall patient improvement. However, the variety of studied compounds, the different administration routes, dosages, and timing complicates data comparison, especially due to limited studies about these compounds, peculiarly in stroke patients. Thereat, this review to showcase disparities in findings and to summarize current advancements in cannabinoid use for potential future treatments. <b>Conclusion:</b> This article offers a review of the current literature in the field and discuss a pragmatic approach to the clinical use of cannabinoids in patients with ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":9386,"journal":{"name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"38-52"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cannabis Gray Market: A Case for Cannabis Regulatory Science Research.","authors":"Nicolas J Schlienz, Nicholas J Felicione, Dustin C Lee, Richard J O'Connor, Danielle M Smith","doi":"10.1089/can.2023.0278","DOIUrl":"10.1089/can.2023.0278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cannabis gray market poses significant public health concerns and remains a major threat to consumer and/or potential consumer uptake of regulated cannabis markets in jurisdictions with legal state-sponsored cannabis programs. In this perspective, we provide an overview of the cannabis gray market, and describe an integrated epidemiological and regulatory science framework to study the gray market. Using tobacco regulatory science as a guide, we introduce example cannabis regulatory science research activities as a means to improve the field's understanding of the cannabis gray market. Cannabis regulatory science is a developing field that can improve our understanding of the cannabis regulatory ecosystem and provide regulatory officials and policymakers alike with much needed data to inform regulatory decision-making and improve the success and uptake of state-sponsored cannabis programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9386,"journal":{"name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","volume":" ","pages":"6-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}