SPG biomed最新文献_第9页

La Sota Vaccination Does Not Offer Satisfactory Protection Against Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Infection In Chickens- A Review La Sota疫苗不能提供令人满意的预防鸡新城疫病毒感染的研究综述

SPG biomed Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.32392/BIOMED.38

J. Okoye, A. O. Igwe

{"title":"La Sota Vaccination Does Not Offer Satisfactory Protection Against Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Infection In Chickens- A Review","authors":"J. Okoye, A. O. Igwe","doi":"10.32392/BIOMED.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/BIOMED.38","url":null,"abstract":"La Sota vaccination is the major vaccine used in the control of Newcastle disease (ND) of chickens in most countries of Europe and United States of America where millions of chickens are kept in one farm at a time. La Sota vaccine is administered through drinking water and can be easily administered on millions of chickens in few hours. Furthermore, the predominant field ND virus pathotype in these countries is the mesogenic virus for which La Sota vaccination is effective in providing protection. But this same vaccine has been found to be ineffective against velogenic ND virus pathotype which is enzootic in Africa, Middle and Far East. This makes large scale poultry production difficult in these areas. The Komarov ND vaccine which is effective against the velogenic ND virus is administered intramuscularly and requires individual handling of the chickens which is not possible where millions of chickens are housed together. Copyright: © 2019 Science Publishing Group This open access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License. La Sota Vaccination Against Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Infection in Chicken. Science Publishing Group Copyright 2019 www.spg.ltd 3 DISCUSSION Newcastle disease (ND) is a major disease of poultry worldwide (Alexander and Senne, 2008). The virus infects a wide range of avian species including poultry, cage and wild birds (Kaleta and Baldauf, 1988). Chickens are most severely affected probably because it is only in this species that ND causes severe haemorrhagic and ulcerative lesions in the gastrointestinal tract (Okoroafor et al, 2018). The velogenic form of ND is the most severe form of the disease and usually causes mortalities of up to 70 to 100 % within seven days in susceptible chickens (Igwe et al. 2018). Okpe et al (2015) reported that dietary supplementation of vitamin A significantly reduced the mortality of velogenic ND (VND) in chickens. VND is enzootic in Africa, Middle and Far East (Echeonwu et al, 1993; Solomon et al, 2012 and Shittu et al, 2016) and it is a major factor militating against poultry production in these areas (Czegledi et al, 2006). The outbreaks cause huge economic losses to poultry producers because of heavy mortalities, loss of egg production, imposition of trade embargo by the international community and the stamping out control policy used to control the disease in those countries where VND is exotic. Control of ND is mainly by vaccination and biosecurity. Recently, researchers have discovered many inadequacies and problems in the control of VND with La Sota vaccination. Ezema et al (2009) challenged La Sota vaccinated and unvaccinated chickens with velogenic viscerotropic ND virus and reported that there was no clinical sign in the vaccinated chickens but the mortality in unvaccinated was 84.6 %. But the atrophy, necrosis and the depletion of the lymphocytes in the bursa, spleen and thymus were equally very severe in both vaccinated ","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"277 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77892351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}