Psychiatry international最新文献_第8页

COVID-19 Pandemic and the Burden of Internet Addiction in the United States 新冠肺炎疫情与美国网络成瘾负担

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2021-11-04 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint2040031

J. Khubchandani, S. Sharma, J. Price

{"title":"COVID-19 Pandemic and the Burden of Internet Addiction in the United States","authors":"J. Khubchandani, S. Sharma, J. Price","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint2040031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint2040031","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the extensive usage of the internet, little is known about internet addiction among Americans during the pandemic. A valid and reliable questionnaire was deployed online via MTurk to recruit a national sample of adult Americans to understand the nature and extent of internet addiction. A total of 1305 individuals participated in the study where the majority were males (64%), whites (78%), non-Hispanic (70%), married (72%), 18–35 years old (57%), employed full time (86%), and with a Bachelor’s degree or higher (83%). The prevalence of internet addiction was distributed as no addiction (45%), probable addiction or risk of addiction (41%), and definite or severe addiction (14%). More than a fourth of the population had depression (28%) or anxiety (25%). Despite adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, definite/severe internet addiction was strongly predictive of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in multiple regression analyses. Those who were probably addicted or at risk of addiction were also more likely to have depression or anxiety. Compared to estimates before the pandemic, this study suggests an increase in internet addiction among U.S. adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Population-based interventions and mental health promotion strategies should focus on a reduction in internet consumption and screen time.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41998444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Yoga as an Integrative Therapy for Mental Health Concerns: An Overview of Current Research Evidence 瑜伽作为心理健康问题的综合疗法:当前研究证据综述

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2021-10-20 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint2040030

Crystal L. Park, J. M. Slattery

{"title":"Yoga as an Integrative Therapy for Mental Health Concerns: An Overview of Current Research Evidence","authors":"Crystal L. Park, J. M. Slattery","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint2040030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint2040030","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Because the prevalence of mental health concerns is high and access or full responsiveness to pharmacological or psychotherapeutic treatment for many individuals is low, there has been increased interest in yoga as a potential therapy for many mental health concerns. Approach: We synthesize and critique current research on the efficacy of yoga relative to pharmacological approaches for anxiety disorders, mood disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and eating disorders. Results: Yoga has been tested mostly as a complementary treatment to standard psychiatric and psychotherapeutic approaches. Findings from efficacy trials largely support the notion that yoga can help reduce symptoms of many psychiatric conditions, including anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms, above and beyond the effects achieved by standard pharmacological treatments alone; however, most evidence is of poor to moderate quality. Plausible transdiagnostic bottom-up and top-down mechanisms of yoga’s therapeutic effects have been advanced but remain untested. Conclusions: While results should be considered preliminary until more rigorous evidence is available, yoga appears to have the potential to provide many people suffering with psychiatric symptoms additional relief at relatively little cost. Yoga may be a viable complementary therapy to psychiatric and psychotherapeutic approaches for people with mental health challenges.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47596106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A Bibliometric Analysis of Dhat Syndrome Dhat综合征的文献计量学分析

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2021-10-19 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint2040029

S. Kar, S. Arafat, V. Menon

{"title":"A Bibliometric Analysis of Dhat Syndrome","authors":"S. Kar, S. Arafat, V. Menon","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint2040029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint2040029","url":null,"abstract":"Dhat syndrome is a culture-bound syndrome, mostly prevailed in South East Asia that has been systematically defined approximately six decades ago. Assessment of the published literature would help to identify the research density as well as the gaps. We aim to do a bibliometric analysis of published global scientific literature on dhat syndrome. The Scopus database was systematically searched by using the keywords “Dhat syndrome”, “Semen loss syndrome”, “Semen loss anxiety” from inception to 11th August 2021. A total of 89 articles on dhat syndrome were found in the Scopus database. Most of the articles were from India and were published in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry and Asian Journal of Psychiatry. The majority (>58%) of research on dhat syndrome was published in the last decade. The PGIMER (Chandigarh), AIIMS (New Delhi) & KGMU (Lucknow) are the leading institutes in dhat syndrome research. The year 2004 had the highest number of total citations (n = 135), while the year 1975 had the highest number of citations per article (60 citations per article). This bibliometric review identified that despite dhat syndrome is a common condition in the South East Asian countries, research on the condition is limited.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46693227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacologic and Clinical Considerations of Nalmefene, a Long Duration Opioid Antagonist, in Opioid Overdose 阿片类长效拮抗剂纳美芬治疗阿片类药物过量的药理学和临床考虑

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2021-10-14 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint2040028

Amber N. Edinoff, Catherine A. Nix, Tanner D. Reed, Elizabeth M Bozner, Marcy S Alvarez, Mitchell C. Fuller, Fatimah Anwar, E. Cornett, A. Kaye, A. Kaye

{"title":"Pharmacologic and Clinical Considerations of Nalmefene, a Long Duration Opioid Antagonist, in Opioid Overdose","authors":"Amber N. Edinoff, Catherine A. Nix, Tanner D. Reed, Elizabeth M Bozner, Marcy S Alvarez, Mitchell C. Fuller, Fatimah Anwar, E. Cornett, A. Kaye, A. Kaye","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint2040028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint2040028","url":null,"abstract":"Opioid use disorder is a well-established and growing problem in the United States. It is responsible for both psychosocial and physical damage to the affected individuals with a significant mortality rate. Given both the medical and non-medical consequences of this epidemic, it is important to understand the current treatments and approaches to opioid use disorder and acute opioid overdose. Naloxone is a competitive mu-opioid receptor antagonist that is used for the reversal of opioid intoxication. When given intravenously, naloxone has an onset of action of approximately 2 min with a duration of action of 60–90 min. Related to its empirical dosing and short duration of action, frequent monitoring of the patient is required so that the effects of opioid toxicity, namely respiratory depression, do not return to wreak havoc. Nalmefene is a pure opioid antagonist structurally similar to naltrexone that can serve as an alternative antidote for reversing respiratory depression associated with acute opioid overdose. Nalmefene is also known as 6-methylene naltrexone. Its main features of interest are its prolonged duration of action that surpasses most opioids and its ability to serve as an antidote for acute opioid overdose. This can be pivotal in reducing healthcare costs, increasing patient satisfaction, and redistributing the time that healthcare staff spend monitoring opioid overdose patients given naloxone.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42263488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Coping Strategies Used by Young Tunisian Athletes in Individual and Collective Sports 突尼斯青年运动员在个人和集体运动中的应对策略

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.3390/PSYCHIATRYINT2030021

Jamel Hajji, Anouer Bettayeb, S. Fekih, Maher Guerchi, N. Bragazzi, F. Azaiez, A. Elloumi

引用次数: 1

Prevention of Depression in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: The Role of Teachers and Parents 预防儿童、青少年和年轻人的抑郁症：教师和家长的作用

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint2030027

A. Del Casale, Clarissa Zocchi, G. Kotzalidis, F. Fiaschè, P. Girardi

{"title":"Prevention of Depression in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: The Role of Teachers and Parents","authors":"A. Del Casale, Clarissa Zocchi, G. Kotzalidis, F. Fiaschè, P. Girardi","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint2030027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint2030027","url":null,"abstract":"Major depressive disorder (MDD) and other affective disorders may surreptitiously arise in children and adolescents during their school period and impair their social and educational functioning. Besides the social and personal burden, which are increased during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the onset of depression may compromise the future of the growing person with chronicity and recurrence. In this context, educators’ training is essential to detect early the onset of a depressive disorder, to spare later consequences through the timely establishment of adequate treatment. The educational staff should receive adequate training to be able to work closely with healthcare providers and parents, thus directing the young person with an affective disorder to the right psychological and pharmacological treatment provider, i.e., a specialized psychologist or psychiatrist. The first approach should be to establish a trustful relationship with the adolescent and his/her classmates, to reduce social and self-stigma and inform about mental illness. If symptoms do not subside and the suffering child or adolescent fails to reintegrate within his/her school environment, cognitive–behavioral interventions are recommended that are individual, group, or computer-based. When needed, these should be implemented with individualized pharmacotherapy.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49108364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Clozapine and Constipation: A Review of Clinical Considerations and Treatment Options 氯氮平和便秘:临床考虑和治疗方案的综述

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint2030026

Amber N. Edinoff, Emily Sauce, C. Ochoa, J. Cross, M. Cogburn, E. Cornett, A. Kaye, Alex D. Pham, A. Kaye

{"title":"Clozapine and Constipation: A Review of Clinical Considerations and Treatment Options","authors":"Amber N. Edinoff, Emily Sauce, C. Ochoa, J. Cross, M. Cogburn, E. Cornett, A. Kaye, Alex D. Pham, A. Kaye","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint2030026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint2030026","url":null,"abstract":"Psychosis, a break in reality which is manifested as hallucinations, delusions or the disruption in thought process, is the hallmark of schizophrenia. Despite novel pharmacotherapy advancements of antipsychotic medications that have resulted in some patients having the ability to return to social settings and thereby decreasing psychotic symptoms and reducing hospital admissions, there is still a sub-population of patients who remain symptomatic. Treatment-resistant schizophrenia is defined as failure of treatment with at least two different antipsychotics with the proper length of treatment and titration. Clozapine has been heralded as a drug to resolve the puzzle of treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Clozapine has one side effect that is well known, being the development of agranulocytosis. However, there is another side effect that can limit clozapine’s use and can also be life-threatening. Recently, at the end of January 2020, the FDA issued a communications statement which “[strengthened] an existing warning that constipation caused by the schizophrenia medicine clozapine can, uncommonly, progress to serious bowel complications.” After identifying ten cases of constipation from between 2006 to 2016 that progressed to hospitalization, surgery, and even death, the FDA focused their attention on this often overlooked, common side effect, especially when considering the strong anticholinergic effects of clozapine. Although patients are screened by their physicians for agranulocytosis by weekly lab monitoring, constipation is also a complication that needs to be identified and treated. Much like opioid-induced constipation, constipation can also be reduced with the use of laxatives and reduction in the co-prescribing of anticholinergic therapies with clozapine.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42103397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A Polysomnographic and Cluster Analysis of Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep of Restless Legs Syndrome Patients with Psychiatric Conditions 伴有精神疾病的不宁腿综合征患者睡眠中周期性肢体运动的多导睡眠图和聚类分析

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.3390/PSYCHIATRYINT2030019

A. Walters, J. Brunelin, S. Catoire, M. Suaud-Chagny, K. Spruyt

{"title":"A Polysomnographic and Cluster Analysis of Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep of Restless Legs Syndrome Patients with Psychiatric Conditions","authors":"A. Walters, J. Brunelin, S. Catoire, M. Suaud-Chagny, K. Spruyt","doi":"10.3390/PSYCHIATRYINT2030019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/PSYCHIATRYINT2030019","url":null,"abstract":"Only survey studies have linked specific individual psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression and schizophrenia to Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep (PLMS) or both. We therefore aim to polysomnographically characterize sleep in a sample of physician-based, newly diagnosed cases of RLS with various ICD-10 psychiatric diagnoses. Retrospective analysis of data from a convenience sample of psychiatric patients (n = 43) per standard clinical sleep disorder cut-offs was conducted. Next, a cluster analysis was performed on the sleep data, taking into account the psychiatric diagnosis, comorbid non-psychiatric somatic problems and medication. We found that 37.2% of our sample showed clinically significant PLMS ≥ 15 and 76.5% exhibited an apnea hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 5. Sleep structure was unaltered apart from the PLMS-related parameters. Two clusters were statistically identified: Cluster 1 primarily representing recurrent major depressive issues and Cluster 2 representing present but not predominant mood symptomatology as well as mixed disorders with personality problems. The known confounders were controlled. A PLMS index ≥ 15 was differentially distributed among the two clusters with Cluster 1: 10 out of 17 with PLMS index ≥ 15; Cluster 2: 1 out of 16 with PLMS index ≥15; whilst AHI was not different. Patients in Cluster 1 have a higher rate of periodic leg movements than patients in Cluster 2. This suggests that the high association with PLMS is primarily driven by affective disorders. Our findings warrant questioning of RLS symptomatology in patients with psychiatric conditions.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/PSYCHIATRYINT2030019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46344038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Model Driven Causal Factors of Panic Buying and Their Implications for Prevention: A Systematic Review 模型驱动的恐慌性购买因果因素及其预防意义：系统综述

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint2030025

R. Rajkumar, S. Arafat

{"title":"Model Driven Causal Factors of Panic Buying and Their Implications for Prevention: A Systematic Review","authors":"R. Rajkumar, S. Arafat","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint2030025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint2030025","url":null,"abstract":"Panic buying is a commonly observed response to disasters, and has been widely observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about the variables influencing this behavior. This review summarizes the existing research in this field and examines its implications for the prevention and control of panic buying. Methodology: All papers published prior to or during the pandemic, providing an empirically tested model of panic buying behavior (Group A) or a theoretical model supported by literature (Group B), were retrieved through a literature search. For papers in Group A, specific risk or protective factors were extracted and tabulated. Overlaps between Group A and Group B models were identified. Study results were analyzed to identify potential strategies which could limit panic buying behavior. Results: It was found that a wide variety of primary (crisis/disease-related), secondary (psychological, informational and sociopolitical), and tertiary (supply chain-related) factors were significantly associated with panic buying, while a single variable–reflective functioning was identified as protective. Conclusions: These results provide valuable leads for strategies aimed at preventing or reducing panic buying, particularly in countries still affected by the pandemic. It is hoped that these findings will be useful from both health administration and academic perspectives.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44998537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Sociodemographic, Circumstantial, and Psychopathological Predictors of Involuntary Admission of Patients with Acute Psychosis 急性精神病患者非自愿入院的社会人口学、环境和精神病理学预测因素

Psychiatry international Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint2030024

J. Seifert, Christian Ihlefeld, Tristan Zindler, C. Eberlein, M. Deest, S. Bleich, S. Toto, C. Meissner

{"title":"Sociodemographic, Circumstantial, and Psychopathological Predictors of Involuntary Admission of Patients with Acute Psychosis","authors":"J. Seifert, Christian Ihlefeld, Tristan Zindler, C. Eberlein, M. Deest, S. Bleich, S. Toto, C. Meissner","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint2030024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint2030024","url":null,"abstract":"Studies have consistently determined that patients with acute psychosis are more likely to be involuntarily admitted, although few studies examine specific risk factors of involuntary admission (IA) among this patient group. Data from all patients presenting in the psychiatric emergency department (PED) over a period of one year were extracted. Acute psychosis was identified using specific diagnostic criteria. Predictors of IA were determined using logistic regression analysis. Out of 2533 emergency consultations, 597 patients presented with symptoms of acute psychosis, of whom 118 were involuntarily admitted (19.8%). Involuntarily admitted patients were more likely to arrive via police escort (odds ratio (OR) 10.94) or ambulance (OR 2.95), live in a psychiatric residency/nursing home (OR 2.76), report non-adherence to medication (OR 2.39), and were less likely to suffer from (comorbid) substance abuse (OR 0.53). Use of mechanical restraint was significantly associated with IA (OR 13.31). Among psychopathological aspects, aggressiveness was related to the highest risk of IA (OR 6.18), followed by suicidal intent (OR 5.54), disorientation (OR 4.66), tangential thinking (OR 3.95), and suspiciousness (OR 2.80). Patients stating fears were less likely to be involuntarily admitted (OR 0.25). By understanding the surrounding influencing factors, patient care can be improved with the aim of reducing the use of coercion.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/psychiatryint2030024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47467579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2