Community science最新文献

{"title":"Community Science-Informed Local Policy: A Case Study in Pinole Creek Litter Assessment","authors":"Win Cowger,&nbsp;Itzel Gomez,&nbsp;Norma Martinez-Rubin,&nbsp;Ann Moriarty,&nbsp;Todd Harwell,&nbsp;Lisa Anich","doi":"10.1029/2022CSJ000017","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2022CSJ000017","url":null,"abstract":"<p>California is one of the only states actively managing trash in its rivers. Several community groups in Pinole, CA, USA collaborated on a Thriving Earth Exchange community science project. Its purpose was to assess the trash in Pinole Creek and identify policy development opportunities for the community. The key scientific questions were: how much trash was in the creek at the time of the study, what types of trash were most abundant, and where should the community be most concerned about trash in the creek? The team enlisted additional community volunteers at local events. A randomized sampling design and a community science-adapted version of The San Francisco Estuary Institute's Trash Monitoring Playbook was used to survey the trash in the creek. The Thriving Earth Team estimated there were 37 m³ and 47,820 pieces of total trash in the creek channel with an average concentration of 2 m³ per km and 2,697 pieces per km. The community gained an understanding of the scale of the problem. Plastic and single-use trash were most abundant, and the community members expressed high concern about plastic single-use food packaging and tobacco-related waste. The community identified locations in the creek where trash was abundant and prioritized follow-up study locations. Seven new recommendations were presented to the Pinole City Council. The City Council unanimously voted to further discuss ordinance-related recommendations. And that was when community science contributed to local policy development.</p>","PeriodicalId":93639,"journal":{"name":"Community science","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2022CSJ000017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47410643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Searching for Community in Community Science","authors":"Julia K. Parrish","doi":"10.1029/2022CSJ000026","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2022CSJ000026","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Calls for community science as a mechanism to strengthen the connection between the public and science are on the rise (Dwivedi et al., <span>2022</span>). A Web of Science search for the keyword dimer “community science” in the topic field suggests that this sector of peer-reviewed literature is exploding, from just three papers published in 2015 to over 145 in 2022 (for the data wonks, that's an exponential curve with an <i>R</i>² = 0.9494). This year, 2022, also marks the start of the Community Science Exchange (communityscienceexchange.org/), a collaborative effort of six scholarly societies, including the American Geophysical Union (AGU), to elevate and celebrate community science in traditional (the peer-reviewed journal <i>Community Science</i>) and novel (web clearinghouse known as the Hub) ways. The <i>Thriving Earth Exchange</i>, one instantiation of community science within the geosciences supported by the AGU, now boasts over 100 projects. These waypoints on the road to making science a more inclusive space in both person and approach suggest we are becoming successful.</p><p>But, are we?</p><p>Cooper et al. (<span>2021</span>) assert that the apparent rise of community science may be more about renaming than actual community-level inclusion. As organizations from science museums to government agencies attempt to rebrand their public engagement in science programming, community science has become a politically acceptable moniker. But Cooper et al. (<span>2021</span>) point out that the roots of community science lie in social justice, and are deeply enmeshed in the environmental justice movement. In its original form, community science was an umbrella term stretching over participatory action research, community-based participatory research, community-engaged research, and community-owned and managed research. All of these approaches share the features of being from and for the local community. That is, a specific geographic place; often with a shared culture, heritage or lived experience; occasionally with a shared knowledge and skill set (i.e., a community of practice); and almost always underrepresented in and underserved by academic science. Under this definition, community science is an inherently local endeavor often mediated by a boundary spanner with one foot in the world of mainstream science and the other in community (Harris et al., <span>2021</span>); where discovery science may take a back seat to actionable science; and where the work is co-created by community members and science professionals willing to share the thought, work, and credit space.</p><p>Of the 145 articles published in 2022 with “community science” somewhere in the topic fields, 62 were classifiable as primary research (i.e., generating new knowledge). Although all of these papers directly involved publics (i.e., people in general) in the work, only 10 involved specific named communities in co-created, co-produced ways, only three of those ","PeriodicalId":93639,"journal":{"name":"Community science","volume":"1 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2022CSJ000026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44130178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Has the Adaptation-Mitigation Binary Outlived Its Value? Indigenous Ways of Knowing Present an Alternative","authors":"Anna L. Ullmann,&nbsp;Karim-Aly S. Kassam","doi":"10.1029/2022CSJ000008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022CSJ000008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Community-level actions addressing anthropogenic climate change are paramount to survival. However, there are limitations to the current binary approach which considers adaptation and mitigation as mutually exclusive actions. Drawing from research in the Pamir Mountains of Tajikistan, this commentary demonstrates: (a) Indigenous knowledge, emerging from a deep connectivity to habitat, cumulative over generations, and empirically-based, is the foundation of ecological calendars; (b) ecological calendars build anticipatory capacity, the ability to envision possible and sustainable futures, for anthropogenic climate change; and (c) this anticipatory approach engages adaptive and mitigative actions to climate change working in tandem to ensure wellbeing and food security. This paper maintains that the adaptation-mitigation continuum involves foresight and action today in preparation for future change. Furthermore, context-specific ecological calendars represent an effective mechanism for communities to build and retain knowledge across generations and deep connections to their habitat. Finally, further modeling needs to be undertaken with participation and leadership from Indigenous and rural communities to understand how they use the adaptation-mitigation continuum for anticipatory action to develop multiple optimal solutions to address environmental change.</p>","PeriodicalId":93639,"journal":{"name":"Community science","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2022CSJ000008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137965380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Augmenting the Grammar of Science—The Community Science Exchange","authors":"Kevin J. Noone,&nbsp;Jean J. Schensul,&nbsp;Paula R. Buchanan","doi":"10.1029/2022CSJ000012","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2022CSJ000012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The expanding field of community science offers the possibility to augment the way science is done, making closer, two-way connections between researchers, communities, and community members. It enriches and improves science through broadening the scope of problem and hypothesis formulation to include practitioners who will use the results of scientific investigation. It enriches the communities involved through access to and participation in scientific investigations aimed at their own challenges. In this article, we describe a new facility—the <i>Community Science Exchange</i>—that offers venues for both researchers and community practitioners to publish and share their work to the benefit of both science and communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":93639,"journal":{"name":"Community science","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2022CSJ000012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44613623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Strategic Framework for Community Engagement in Oceans and Human Health","authors":"Margaret A. Carson,&nbsp;Diane M. Doberneck,&nbsp;Zac Hart,&nbsp;Heath Kelsey,&nbsp;Jennifer Y. Pierce,&nbsp;Dwayne E. Porter,&nbsp;Mindy L. Richlen,&nbsp;Louisa Schandera,&nbsp;Heather A. Triezenberg","doi":"10.1029/2022CSJ000001","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2022CSJ000001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the past two decades, scientific research on the connections between the health and resilience of marine ecosystems and human health, well-being, and community prosperity has expanded and evolved into a distinct “metadiscipline” known as Oceans and Human Health (OHH), recognized by the scientific community as well as policy makers. OHH goals are diverse and seek to improve public health outcomes, promote sustainable use of aquatic systems and resources, and strengthen community resilience. OHH research has historically included some level of community outreach and partner involvement; however, the increasing disruption of aquatic environments and urgency of public health impacts calls for a more systematic approach to effectively identify and engage with community partners to achieve project goals and outcomes. Herein, we present a strategic framework developed collaboratively by community engagement personnel from the four recently established U.S. Centers for Oceans and Human Health (COHH). This framework supports researchers in defining levels of community engagement and in aligning partners, purpose, activities, and approaches intentionally in their community engagement efforts. Specifically, we describe: (a) a framework for a range of outreach and engagement approaches; (b) the need for identifying partners, purpose, activities, and approaches; and (c) the importance of making intentional alignment among them. Misalignment across these dimensions may lead to wasting time or resources, eroding public trust, or failing to achieve intended outcomes. We illustrate the framework with examples from current COHH case studies and conclude with future directions for strategic community engagement in OHH and other environmental health contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":93639,"journal":{"name":"Community science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9526077/pdf/nihms-1836184.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40389955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Has the Adaptation-Mitigation Binary Outlived its Value? Indigenous Ways of Knowing Present an Alternative","authors":"Anna Ullmann, K. Kassam","doi":"10.1002/essoar.10509391.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/essoar.10509391.1","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":93639,"journal":{"name":"Community science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49270887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}