Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ最新文献_第9页

A Foundation of Serial Murder and Appreciation of the Male Voice: Historical and Feminist Considerations in The Handmaid's Tale 连环谋杀的基础与男声的鉴赏——《使女的故事》的历史与女性主义思考

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2020-11-30 DOI: 10.32396/usurj.v6i3.527

Jasmine Redford

{"title":"A Foundation of Serial Murder and Appreciation of the Male Voice: Historical and Feminist Considerations in The Handmaid's Tale","authors":"Jasmine Redford","doi":"10.32396/usurj.v6i3.527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32396/usurj.v6i3.527","url":null,"abstract":"Violent crime, and the impulse to temper it, fuel cycles of utopian and dystopian discourse in North American literature. Dystopian fiction operates as a social document that highlight the anxieties of the time in which authoring takes place, and in Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale, America's violent history/(his)story is legalized and gendered. The principal narrator, Offred, manages her perspective—the only thing she can claim personal ownership over—under the pressure of a strict monotheocracy. This paper examines Atwood's novel with a historical-critical lens and posits that groundwork for Gilead was seeded during a spike of lurid serial murders in the 1970s/1980s—a discourse established, perhaps hyperbolically, by the pre-digital press combined with the resurgence of conservative values during the Reagan administration; these conditions fertilized the neo-patriarchal legislation of the fictional Gilead—text born of context. Both historical and feminist criticism discover examples of gendered assault, contemporary to the time of the novel's authoring, bleeding into the nebulously timed present-day Gilead—for time, the narrator notes, has not been of enumerable value since the mid-1980s. The Handmaid's Tale repurposes the history of sexual violence and femicide; here, horror is systematically present within the Puritan womb which seeks to shield an infantilized population—women from the monsters in dark alleys to the proliferation of Ted Bundy and Edmund Kemper doppelgangers in mass media.","PeriodicalId":93630,"journal":{"name":"Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88632856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"The Wombe's Burden": The Undermining of Female Agency within Paradise Lost and The Faerie Queene “子宫的负担”:《失乐园》和《仙后》中女性主体的削弱

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2020-11-30 DOI: 10.32396/usurj.v6i3.553

D. Just

引用次数: 0

Glimpsing Truth and “[Making] it whole”: Art as Personal and Social Unity in Virginia Woolf 瞥见真理与“使之完整”:弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的个人与社会统一的艺术

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2020-11-26 DOI: 10.32396/usurj.v6i3.462

M. Fairbairn

引用次数: 0

Roots, Repatriation, and Refuge: Pakistan and the Afghan Refugee Crisis 根源、遣返与避难:巴基斯坦与阿富汗难民危机

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2020-10-21 DOI: 10.32396/usurj.v6i3.456

I. Khan

{"title":"Roots, Repatriation, and Refuge: Pakistan and the Afghan Refugee Crisis","authors":"I. Khan","doi":"10.32396/usurj.v6i3.456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32396/usurj.v6i3.456","url":null,"abstract":"In the world today, registered Afghan refugees total approximately 1.6 million with one to two million more living undocumented in border nations like Iran and Pakistan. They are the largest ‘protracted’ refugee population on the Asian continent and have existed in a perpetual state of displacement since the Soviet-Afghan War from late 1970-1980. The status of these refugees in Pakistan today remains steadfastly connected to the concepts of displacement, migration, settlement, and repatriation. This research paper explores how the Afghan refugee crisis evolved within the confines of socio-cultural, political, economic, and historical crises created and imposed by international actors who sought to control it for their own purposes. A major component of finding a solution to the Afghan refugee crisis requires us to move away from the overworked ‘objective’ view of their situation and toward a more subjective identification of their personhood as refugees, and this act pulls into itself the question of how they dealt with and continue to deal with refuge and resettlement in Pakistan. Furthermore, the Afghan refugee crisis is an ongoing global dispute involving human lives that requires much more attention and sincerity than it has received.","PeriodicalId":93630,"journal":{"name":"Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78751939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Expiration of Exigence 存在的到期

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2020-10-08 DOI: 10.52214/CURJ.V4I1.6649

Anastasia Schlechty

{"title":"The Expiration of Exigence","authors":"Anastasia Schlechty","doi":"10.52214/CURJ.V4I1.6649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/CURJ.V4I1.6649","url":null,"abstract":"Lloyd Bitzer’s 1968 article, “The Rhetorical Situation,” reframed scholarship on communication. Prior to this, rhetorical studies primarily looked to content and style of discourse in order to provide an analysis of meaning and value; however, scholars became frustrated with the limited access that this type of framework afforded. The 1960s marked a dramatic shift in dominant rhetorical thinking from modern thought toward a realm of new ideological approaches, including postmodern thought. Environment became a major focus of postmodern communication studies, claiming that the situation, more than the content itself, determines the message. Rhetorical frameworks continue to rely on a modern or postmodern consciousness, despite the emergence of yet another societal shift into an evolved postmodernism, a reaction to the biases inherent in this relativism. Specifically, the evolution of the postmodern mind into an apathetic consciousness leads to an expiration of exigency as Bitzer defined it 50 years ago. This paper argues that current scholarship lacks a complete awareness of these new assumptions and understandings, specifically relating to cultural apathy. This paper will recount the historical context that leads into this modern framework, illustrate the situation, and argue the potential solutions. Ultimately, this paper reveals that much exigency inhabits a devalued position in the now-evolved postmodern mind, and rhetorical theory must renovate its understanding on discourse accordingly through three steps: acknowledgment, updated definitions, and thoughtful discourse.","PeriodicalId":93630,"journal":{"name":"Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83633860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Massacre or Genocide? Redefining the Sook Ching 大屠杀还是种族灭绝?重新定义《淑经

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2020-08-17 DOI: 10.5399/uo/ourj/17.1.7

Lauralei Keiko Singsank

{"title":"Massacre or Genocide? Redefining the Sook Ching","authors":"Lauralei Keiko Singsank","doi":"10.5399/uo/ourj/17.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5399/uo/ourj/17.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Sook Ching is a Chinese term meaning “purge through cleansing.” Operation Sook Ching took place in Singapore from February 21 to March 4, 1942. It was a military operation carried out by the Japanese with the intent of executing anti-Japanese Chinese men between the ages of 18 and 50. Ultimately, it is impossible to know exactly how many people were killed; the official Japanese figure is 5,000, while unofficial estimates reach as high as 50,000. Men were called into screening centers where disorganized screening procedures determined if they were anti-Japanese. The Sook Ching’s legacy lives on as one of the greatest tragedies in Singapore’s history. The intent of this paper is to argue for a redefinition of the Sook Ching as a genocide rather than a massacre. The cornerstones of this research are the United Nations’ Genocide Convention and contemporary sources discussing the crime. This research is important because it sets a precedent of accountability, as well as acknowledging the crimes the Japanese committed during the Second World War. This thesis will discuss the Sook Ching, its legacy, and the steps required to address the incident and right the wrongs that occurred. It will also examine the racial and political environment that set the stage for the tragedy, as well as the scars it left behind.","PeriodicalId":93630,"journal":{"name":"Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ","volume":"13 1","pages":"76-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85208695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Emotion on Associative Memory: Anger Versus Fear 情绪对联想记忆的影响:愤怒与恐惧

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2020-08-03 DOI: 10.5399/uo/ourj/17.1.2

Melissa A. Adler

{"title":"The Effect of Emotion on Associative Memory: Anger Versus Fear","authors":"Melissa A. Adler","doi":"10.5399/uo/ourj/17.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5399/uo/ourj/17.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Studies show that emotion enhances memory for individual items but weakens memory for associations between items (Bisby & Burgess, 2014). One explanation for this associative memory impairment is that emotional stimuli capture attention, causing enhanced encoding of the emotional item but reduced encoding of the surrounding environment (Schupp, Junghöfer, Weike, & Hamm, 2003). This explanation generates the prediction that emotional information always impairs associative memory. Alternatively, it may be that emotion orients attention towards threats in the environment, suggesting that emotions’ effects on associative memory may differ depending on where they indicate a threat may be coming from (Öhman, Flykt, & Esteves, 2001). For example, seeing an angry face constitutes a direct threat. The angry face itself potentially captures attention and thereby reduces memory for its associated information. In contrast, seeing a fearful face indicates a threat elsewhere in the environment. Therefore, the fearful face may redirect attention towards the surroundings and thus enhance encoding of the associated information. To adjudicate between these hypotheses, subjects studied sets of three images, consisting of two objects and a face with either a neutral, angry, or fearful expression. Subjects were later tested on their memory for the associations between the three items. Supporting the first hypothesis, memory for both angry and fearful associations was worse than memory for neutral associations. Contrary to the second hypothesis, there were no differences in memory for angry versus fearful associations. Thus, emotional information itself seems to capture attention, weakening memory for related information.","PeriodicalId":93630,"journal":{"name":"Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ","volume":"96 1","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89102699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mating Affects Lifespan Differently in Two Strains of Pseudo-female Caenorhabditis elegans 交配对两株假雌性秀丽隐杆线虫寿命的影响不同

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.5399/uo/ourj/17.1.4

R. Lancaster

引用次数: 0

From Nimble NIMBY to Palpable PIMBY: Anti-Blackness in George Deukmejian’s California Prison Boom 从灵活的邻避到明显的皮姆比:乔治·德克梅吉安的加州监狱热潮中的反黑人

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.5399/uo/ourj/17.1.6

Jakob Hollenbeck

{"title":"From Nimble NIMBY to Palpable PIMBY: Anti-Blackness in George Deukmejian’s California Prison Boom","authors":"Jakob Hollenbeck","doi":"10.5399/uo/ourj/17.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5399/uo/ourj/17.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"When California Governor George Deukmejian assumed office in 1983, the state had not added to its twelve prisons in eighteen years. During his two terms, Deukmejian oversaw the construction of eight prisons — a 67% increase in eight years. This paper attempts to locate the impetus of this prison boom by analyzing three siting struggles in southern California. It argues that past scholarship fails to account for the interaction between the state and sited communities. Specifically, state-centered research fails to account for the power of city officials while rural-centered research fails to account for systemic factors. Accordingly, this paper introduces the term Please in Your Back Yard (PIYBY) to examine where and why the state sited a prison and how they tried to convince the community to accept it. PIYBYism complements the existing Not in My Back Yardism (NIMBYism) and Please in My Back Yardism (PIMBYism). The paper analyzes the interaction between the three terms, revealing that ideological, not economic concerns, caused the California prison boom. The prison boom emerged from a tough-on-crime moment — one that was necessarily anti-black. The three siting battles support this conclusion because anti-blackness permeated every group’s rhetoric. This paper, then, challenges the subject’s prevailing scholarship: politics lies at the base of the prison system. Even if one accepts the economic link, the economy only mattered in that it exacerbated an ongoing political movement that attempted to reassert white supremacy.","PeriodicalId":93630,"journal":{"name":"Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ","volume":"49 1","pages":"52-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83258741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Constructions of Identity and War: A Reciprocal Relationship in Former Yugoslavia 身份建构与战争:前南斯拉夫的相互关系

Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.5399/uo/ourj/17.1.3

Taylor Ginieczki

{"title":"Constructions of Identity and War: A Reciprocal Relationship in Former Yugoslavia","authors":"Taylor Ginieczki","doi":"10.5399/uo/ourj/17.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5399/uo/ourj/17.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the reciprocal relationship between identity and conflict, focusing the inquiry on the violent dissolution of Yugoslavia and the resulting Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s. A brief history of nationalist sentiment under communist rule in Yugoslavia is first displayed to contextualize the scope of research. The focus then shifts to how constructions of ethnonationalist identity became the basis of brutal ethnic conflict. Identity as the root of conflict is first discussed theoretically from an international relations perspective, citing the breakdown of a multinational state and the subsequent security dilemma. It is then grounded empirically in real-world evidence, illustrating how power imbalances between the republics and powerful ethnonationalist rhetoric led the region to war. The research then transitions to the secondary and complementary component of the thesis: how conflict shapes identity. The discussion cites incongruent narratives of war among the former republics as well as the tarnished international image of former Yugoslavia. Through a display of relevant evidence and literature, this argument strives to illustrate the power of identity in conflict, unity, and the nation. Further research could address how the weaponization of ethnicity could be avoided and reversed in favor of a stronger sense of collective identity around shared sociopolitical values and ideals.","PeriodicalId":93630,"journal":{"name":"Vanderbilt undergraduate research journal : VURJ","volume":"66 1","pages":"19-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72846865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0