Journal of health inequalities最新文献

{"title":"Youth knowledge and attitudes towards cigarette and waterpipe use in nine Eastern Mediterranean countries","authors":"H. Mehrtash, M. Parascandola","doi":"10.5114/jhi.2020.95500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/jhi.2020.95500","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) is one of only two WHO regions in which prevalence of tobacco use is projected to increase by 2025. Evidence shows initiation occurs at an early age, so understanding factors that influence youth tobacco initiation is a high priority. Material and methods: This study uses Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) data from Egypt (2009), Jordan (2009), Kuwait (2009), Lebanon (2010), Morocco (2011), Oman (2010), Saudi Arabia (2010), Tunisia (2010) and Turkey (2012). GYTS is a nationally representative survey of 13-15-year-olds using a standardized protocol. Current cigarette smoking status is defined as having smoked at least once in the last 30 days preceding the survey. Current waterpipe smoking status is defined as use of at least one waterpipe rock in the last 30 days preceding the survey. Results: Of the total sample population, 10.8% were current cigarette smokers, 10.2% were current waterpipe smokers, 23.8% had tried or experimented with cigarettes, and 26.6% had tried or experimented with waterpipe. Male gender and parental smoking were strong predictors of experimentation with both cigarettes and waterpipe when controlling for other variables. In addition, those who believed that waterpipe smoke was not harmful were more likely to experiment with all forms of tobacco. Apart from Lebanon, over 30% of smokers in each country stated that waterpipe smoking is “not harmful to health”. Conclusions: Low perceptions of harm from waterpipe smoking may be an important contributor to youth tobacco use in the EMRO region. Better understanding of attitudes, knowledge and risk behaviors around youth waterpipe smoking can inform effective interventions in these countries.","PeriodicalId":93580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health inequalities","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89264875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of selenium in inherited breast cancer in women","authors":"Katarzyna Sygit, Elżbieta Cipora, J. Smorawiński","doi":"10.5114/JHI.2020.101879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/JHI.2020.101879","url":null,"abstract":"High incidence of “diseases of affluence” (particularly cancer) motivates numerous research teams to look for causes of morbidity, as well as to search for preventive methods and effective therapeutic meas-ures. The aim of this paper is to present literature on effects of selenium on development of inherited breast cancer in women. The results of national and international research show importance of selenium in prevention and treatment of cancerous diseases, including inherited cancer; they also show the risk of developing cancer in people with hereditary risks and low selenium level. It should be emphasized that the intake of selenium in amounts necessary for proper functioning – given numerous deficiencies (first in the soil, then in food products coming from selenium-deficient soil) – is the first and most important step in prevention and treatment of cancer.","PeriodicalId":93580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health inequalities","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77874169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiles of patients qualified for bariatric surgeries with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy methods","authors":"Natalia Komorniak, M. Szczuko, M. Hoffmann, Bartosz Kowalewski, Krzysztof Kaseja","doi":"10.5114/jhi.2020.96972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/jhi.2020.96972","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bariatric surgery is one of the methods of extreme obesity treatment used in case of patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m2 or BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 and accompanying diseases (e.g. hypertension) for whom previous conservative treatment was not successful. Aim of the study: To determine the anthropometric and biochemical profiles of patients qualified for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Material and methods: The study involved 60 patients qualified for surgical treatment. The standardized Food Frequency Questionnaire supplemented by a survey which contained questions on previous attempts to lose weight and their results (including yo-yo effect) were administered. The anthropometric measurements included weight, height, waist and hip circumference. Biochemical analysis of blood (lipid profile, liver profile, glucose, glycated haemoglobin and C-reactive protein) were performed using calorimetric method. All the results were statistically analysed using the STATISTICA 12 software. Results: The patients had a history of numerous attempts (≥ 6) to lose weight using unbalanced diets. Women qualified for SG had higher levels of parameters indicating the presence of inflammatory state, dyslipidaemia and improper glycaemia. Men qualified for RYGB had significantly higher values of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase. Conclusions: Numerous unsuccessful attempts to lose weight can signify a low level of nutritional knowledge and the need to educate the patients both before and after the surgery. Patients at higher perioperative risk (due to anthropometric and biochemical parameters) were qualified to less invasive surgery treatment. Higher risk of developing cholelithiasis after the surgery would be attributed to irrational attempts of body weight loss before the procedure, and not to the RYGB itself. KeY wOrds: bariatric surgery, obesity, diet, cholestasis, dyslipidemias. address fOr cOrrespOndence: Małgorzata Szczuko, Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 24 Broniewskiego St., 71-460 Szczecin, Poland, e-mail: malgorzata.szczuko@pum.edu.pl DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/jhi.2020.96972 IntroductIon Obesity is a problem which has affected humanity for centuries. In the past it was sometimes considered a sign of prosperity, wealth and high social class. However, with the development and progress of civilization obesity became increasingly common and threatening to population health, and is regarded as an epidemic of the 20th and 21st centuries [1, 2]. Bariatric surgery has been recognized as the most effective treatment of pathological obesity, with a high percentage of weight reduction and a relatively small number of complications. Currently, the most frequent bariatric procedures are sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) [3]. SG is a restrictive surgery technique. It consists of an almost entire resection of the stomach along the greater curvature and f","PeriodicalId":93580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health inequalities","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85829933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of smoking cessation treatment in Poland – the strengthening role of cytisine as the most effective and safe pharmacotherapy","authors":"W. Zatoński, K. Janik-Koncewicz, Zuzanna Stępnicka, K. Zatońska, Katarzyna Połtyn-Zaradna, A. Herbeć","doi":"10.5114/JHI.2020.102969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/JHI.2020.102969","url":null,"abstract":"One of the greatest public health successes in Poland since the 1990s has been a decline in tobacco-related morbidity and mortality, including from lung cancer and cardiovascular disease. The steady decline in smoking cigarettes among adults in Poland during this period was among the most important factors contributing to this success. The key enabling factor in this process was the increasing range and availability of different pharmacotherapy supporting smoking cessation, including nicotine replacement therapy, but especially of the safe and affordable cytisine. The popularity of cytisine has been continuously growing among smokers in Poland. New developments in cytisine-based treatments and research in Poland and abroad can further strengthen global tobacco control efforts. Cytisine requires much greater interest from the medical community and from those responsible for public health in Poland.","PeriodicalId":93580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health inequalities","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85388618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on “The burden of avoidable disease from air pollution: implications for prevention”","authors":"M. Krzyżanowski","doi":"10.5114/JHI.2020.101622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/JHI.2020.101622","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health inequalities","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83959648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limitations of cancer care in Central and South-Eastern Europe: results of the international conference organized by the Central European Cooperative Oncology Group (CECOG)","authors":"C. Thallinger, Ivica Belina, A. Comanescu, T. Čufer, J. Jassem, B. Kiesewetter, Lydia Markaroff, R. Ott, Bartosz Polinski, Radu Rasinar, Alexander Rödiger, R. Świerzewski, N. Wilking, C. Zielinski","doi":"10.5114/JHI.2020.103221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/JHI.2020.103221","url":null,"abstract":"Profound disparities in cancer incidence and treatment outcomes, as well as accessibility of innovative EMA approved medications and technologies exist between Central, Eastern and South-Eastern (CEE) European countries and neighbouring Western European (WE) countries. An international expert conference was held to discuss the current situation regarding the availability and affordability of innovative anti-cancer drugs in CEE, to define shortcomings in cancer care and to specify possible solutions to overcome the lack of access to anti-cancer medications in the region. Consequently, all experts agreed that national prevention programs targeting smoking, obesity and alcohol consumption, and cancer screening programmes should be widely implemented in CEE countries. Considering limited healthcare resources in most CEE countries, an efficient allocation in a more structured way with clear cancer patient pathways to contain costs is needed. Also, more rapid reimbursement decisions and introduction of novel drugs in routine clinical practice, along with better access to clinical trials, are needed. There was consensus that higher investments into cancer care and more organized, value-oriented application of novel diagnostic and treatment approaches are necessary. Furthermore, it was suggested that patient organisations should be more involved in cancer research, clinical research and reimbursement processes. Postulated were also higher investments into cancer care and more organized, value-oriented application of novel diagnostic and treatment approaches.","PeriodicalId":93580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health inequalities","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76713162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global burden of prostate cancer: regional disparities in incidence, mortality, and survival","authors":"M. Dragomir, C. Pizot, Alina Macacu, A. Koechlin, M. Bota, P. Boyle","doi":"10.5114/jhi.2020.96844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/jhi.2020.96844","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the worldwide burden of prostate cancer by exploring its global incidence, mortality, and survival. Material and methods: Incidence rates were extracted from the CI5plus and NORDCAN databases. Prostate cancer deaths and populations were extracted from the WHO mortality database. For both incidence and mortality, age-standardised rates per 100,000 person-years (PY) were computed. Age-stand-ardised relative survival was retrieved from the SEER database and the Eurocare-5, NORDCAN, and SURVCAN projects. For incidence and mortality, mean rates and annual percent changes (APC) over the last 10 years were computed. Results: Recent incidence rates varied more than 25-fold across countries, ranging from 6.2 to 119 per 100,000 PY in India and Brazil, respectively. Mortality rates also showed important disparities, ranging from 2.5 to 21.0 per 100,000 PY in Thailand and Estonia, respectively. Over the period 2003-2012 the incidence increased in 17 out of 26 countries. Over the period 2006-2015 the mortality decreased in 23 out of 30 countries. Age-standardised five-year survival from prostate cancer was very high and ranged from 34.8% in India to 90.0% in Finland. Survival trends in the USA and Northern Europe showed an increase starting in the 1970s and reached almost 100% in recent years. Survival was poorer for distant stages (approximately 30%), compared to localised and regional stages (almost 100%). Conclusions: Large variations in incidence and mortality were observed across countries, but survival rates remained high. Screening practices should be considered when interpreting these results because they largely influence incidence and survival.","PeriodicalId":93580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health inequalities","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79409001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on “The burden of avoidable disease from air pollution: implications for prevention”","authors":"W. Hanke, W. Zatoński","doi":"10.5114/JHI.2020.103224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/JHI.2020.103224","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health inequalities","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87212148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Literature review on tobacco smoking in Poland from 1960 to 2020. Bibliographic summary","authors":"Katarzyna Połtyn-Zaradna, K. Zatońska, K. Janik-Koncewicz, Zuzanna Stępnicka, A. Basiak-Rasała, W. Zatoński","doi":"10.5114/JHI.2020.103226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/JHI.2020.103226","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The tobacco epidemic is a constant threat and a challenge for public health worldwide. The aim of the presented review was to prepare a bibliographic analysis of literature on tobacco smoking in Poland from 1960 to 2020 and to present a comprehensive summary of available literature on the topic. Material and methods: We have undertaken a comprehensive electronic literature search of articles published between 1960 and 2020. Firstly, the PubMed and Web of Science databases were used to generate relevant publications. All articles with the terms “tobacco” or “cigarette” and “smoking” and “Poland” published in English or Polish language were included in the literature collection process. Moreover, we employed a search from Polish resources (mainly Główna Biblioteka Lekarska – GBL). Finally, to expand the generated literature a hand search was undertaken to collect publications available only in paper form, especially those published in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. Results: A total of 230 articles were included in the final analysis. The data collected included primary research articles (original papers, reviews), as well as other research documentation such as survey commentary reports, materials from conferences, and statistical reports. Records of smoking history and various analyses of its effects in Poland had been collected from the year 1960 to 2020. Conclusions: Poland is one of the few countries that has closely monitored the prevalence of tobacco smoking in the population since the 1960s. The presented literature review gives a unique insight into patterns and trends of smoking over the years.","PeriodicalId":93580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health inequalities","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85931234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professor Martin McKee and his contribution to the development of public health research in Poland","authors":"K. Janik-Koncewicz","doi":"10.5114/JHI.2020.103220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/JHI.2020.103220","url":null,"abstract":"the of range","PeriodicalId":93580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health inequalities","volume":"169 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72893697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}