Journal of global health science最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence differences in major non-communicable diseases in a low- middle income country: a comparative study between an urban and a rural district in Vietnam","authors":"Sopak Supakul, H. Park, Bao Ngoc Nguyen, K. B. Giang","doi":"10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e47","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are emerging as a serious problem for many lowand middle-income countries, especially in societies with rapidly growing economies. During such economic growth, rapid urbanization may affect population health as much as other economic factors. However, there have been few studies comparing the urban-rural difference in NCDs prevalence in lowand middle-income countries. This study aimed to compare differences in major NCDs prevalence between urban and rural residency after controlling for socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors in Vietnam. Methods: Residents aged ≥15 years from an urban (the district-level town of Thuận An, n=2,126) and rural (Quốc Oai, n=2,970) district in Vietnam participated in a communitybased survey in 2016. Information on NCD history, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle factors was collected on an individual or household basis. Associations between residential area, other risk factors, and NCD prevalence was investigated using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: Urban residency was significantly associated with cardiovascular diseases (odds ratio [OR], 1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.68) and diabetes (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.01–3.41) for those aged 15–59 years after controlling for other socioeconomic characteristics, and inversely associated with respiratory diseases (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.48–0.90) (rural residency showed more significant prevalence to respiratory diseases). For aged individuals ≥60 years old, urban living was similarly positively associated with diabetes (OR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.25–4.10), and inversely associated with other NCDs (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.36–0.67) (rural residency showed more significant prevalence to other NCDs), in contrast to younger adults. Conclusions: The study disclosed different prevalence patterns of NCDs for differently aged urban residents in Vietnam. The Vietnamese government is encouraged to develop health care policies that strategically targeted to the different patterns of disease prevalence.","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86437826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A journey toward building friendship with the marginalized in global health","authors":"Juyoung Kang, S. Yun, Sung-In Kim","doi":"10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e38","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88715063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons learned for reducing out of pocket health payment in Afghanistan: a comparative case study of three Asian countries","authors":"F. Akbari, M. Machida, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Keisuke Nagase, A. Goto, Akinori Hara","doi":"10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e46","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In Afghanistan, out-of-pocket (OOP) health costs provoke inequities of access and have pushed 2.55% of the population below the poverty line. Methods: This multiple case study consists of 3 countries' experience in OOP reduction (Afghanistan, Korea, and Thailand). Our analysis is based on “The Five Control Knobs” first proposed in 1997. Results: In the financing knob, government domestic revenue is the most important contributor to health financing in Korea and in Thailand, where OOP has been replaced. While relying on foreign donations for OOP reduction, household OOP remains the most important source of healthcare revenue in Afghanistan. As for the payment knob, OOP reduction is assisted by the following reforms in the 3 countries: 1) abolition of user fees in Afghanistan, 2) unification of health insurance agencies in Korea, and 3) introduction of a Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS) in Thailand. In regard to the organization knob, increasing the number of health care facilities and expanding available health services have significantly contributed to reducing OOP in all cases. In relation to the regulation knob, the following reforms have reduced OOP burdens: regulation of the private health sector in Afghanistan, separation of drug dispensing from prescribing in Korea, and introduction of the UCS in Thailand. As for the behavior knob, further improvements require patients to behave differently, as encouraged by social marketing, access to reliable health information, and effective complaint management. Conclusion: Reduction of OOP in Afghanistan could result from coordination among several reforms in the control knobs. Increasing government participation and earmarking surplus taxes for health, replacing passive provider payment methods to active ones, and including needed health services in the public standardized health packages, are actions that Afghanistan could adopt, and adapt, from the experience of Korea and Thailand for further success.","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"06 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85986318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple anthropometric failures and early child development in 34 low- and middle-income countries","authors":"Joshua Jeong, Rockli Kim, S. Subramanian","doi":"10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e42","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Child stunting is negatively associated with early child development (ECD) outcomes. However, less is known regarding the associations between multiple co-occurring anthropometric failures and ECD. The objective of this study was to determine the association between categories of anthropometric failures (CAF)—disaggregating single, double, and triple failures—with ECD among children in lowand middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: We combined data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys for 98,189 children aged 36–59 months in 34 LMICs. Height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age were calculated using the 2006 World Health Organization growth standards. Children were classified into 7 mutually exclusive categories: no deficits; stunted only; wasted only; underweight only; stunted and underweight but not wasted; wasted and underweight but not stunted; and stunted, wasted, and underweight. ECD was measured using the Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI), an index of cognitive, literacy-numeracy, socioemotional, and physical development milestones for preschool-aged children. We used multivariable linear regression models to estimate the association between CAF and ECDI z-scores. Results: Overall, 20.4% of children had a single failure (17.9% stunted only, 1.0% wasted only, and 1.5% underweight only), 13.7% had double failures (12.0% stunted and underweight, 1.7% wasted and underweight), and 1.5% had triple failures. Compared to children with no deficits, children with a single failure of stunting only (β = −0.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.10 to −0.07), double failure of stunting and underweight (β = −0.17; 95% CI, −0.19 to −0.15), and triple failure of stunting, wasting, and underweight (β = −0.15; 95% CI, −0.20 to −0.10) were associated with statistically significant lower ECDI z-scores. Conclusion: We found a potentially additive relationship between multiple anthropometric failures and ECD. Findings highlight the importance of integrated interventions that support mild to severe malnutrition as a key component of nurturing care approaches to improve ECD in LMICs.","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84170054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunization decision-making capacity building in low- and middle-income countries through teaching vaccine economics everywhere: a program evaluation","authors":"T. Banerjee, S. Malaviya, Y. N. Alfonso, Patrick T. Wedlock, G. Pariyo, O. Pasha, D. Constenla, L. Brenzel, I. Edoka, K. Hofman, A. Kinghorn, C. Mayora, S. Chatterjee, P. Sodani, S. Zaidi, M. Huda, F. Abrejo, W. Padula, D. Bishai","doi":"10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e48","url":null,"abstract":"Background: National immunization program staff have limited prior training in economics, despite a need to make difficult economic choices in financing and operating their programs. Teaching Vaccine Economics Everywhere (TVEE) is an international consortium of 4 universities that provides vaccine economics and financing training to mid-career immunization program managers and policy-makers in lowand middle-income countries. Since 2017, TVEE has provided short training workshops at four regional hubs using a curriculum developed using real data and scenarios tailored to region-specific needs. The study aims to evaluate program impact of the first 2 years. Methods: The impact of the program was evaluated based on the Kirkpatrick Model. The survey was developed and distributed using Qualtrics to all participants from all J Glob Health Sci. 2019 Dec;1(2):e48 https://doi.org/10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e48 pISSN 2671-6925·eISSN 2671-6933","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77276991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congratulatory comment from the Takemi Program in International Health at Harvard","authors":"M. Reich","doi":"10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E33","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88569183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A current status of teleophthalmology in low- and middle-income countries: literature review","authors":"Sangchul Yoon, Holden Yoon Seung Kim, Jaewon Kim, Sohyun Kim, K. Y. Seo, So Yon Kim","doi":"10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e41","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Teleophthalmology is being actively implemented in developing countries. Using sound information and communication technology (ICT), it has been significantly improving service provision in the field of eye health such as screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR), which can be prevented by early diagnosis and treatment even in resource limited settings. This study is exploring the usability of teleophthalmology in Lowand Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) while systematically reviewing how it is adopted to each domain and eye diseases. Methods: The study searched for all literature regarding teleophthalmology in LMICs using PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar published from January of 2005 and October of 2017. Two independent researchers found 362 literatures, and 67 articles were finally selected through sets of criteria including PRISMA method. Results: The study identified 26 articles for DR, 10 for retinopathy of prematurity, and 31 for the rest of the eye diseases. LMICs account the most with 36 articles. The most widely used technical domain for teleophthalmology was ‘sensor and point of care diagnostics,’ which depicts the device-dependent-characteristic of teleophthalmology. When the stage of the research is postpilot, the most widely used technical domain became ‘provider to provider communication.’ Conclusion: A major part of Teleophthalmology is providing services through mobile or portable devices. We also found that application of teleophthalmology is more active where there is firm social infrastructure for ICT.","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85189726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding perspectives and lived experiences of at-risk Taiwanese teenage boys through photovoice","authors":"Victor Hsiao, Sunya Chen, M. Withers","doi":"10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e40","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88381472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study design for the 2019 baseline survey of newly established longitudinal surveillance woredas as the field lab to serve child health improvement project of Benishangul-Gumuz region, Ethiopia","authors":"Solen Abera Nefa, A. Ibrahim, Solomon Sharew Mulushewa, M. M. Wonga, Hwa-Young Lee, Getaneh Assefa Siyum, Mulatu Agajie Amentie, Abebe Folla Chebo, B. Birhanu, J. Battle, Molla Kahssay Hiluf, A. Kebedom, A. G. Gobezayehu, A. Robins, A. Bawah, S. Subramanian, Juhwan Oh","doi":"10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/jghs.2019.1.e51","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76879755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additional considerations for maternal and child health handbooks in light of WHO's recommendations on home-based records for maternal, newborn and child health: a commentary in response to Nakamura","authors":"David W Brown","doi":"10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E32","url":null,"abstract":"Until research demonstrates that maternal and child health (MCH) handbooks are superior to other forms of home-based records in all situations or in select circumstances, we should use greater discretion in sanctioning MCH handbooks or endorsing one form of home-based record over any other. In this journal's inaugural issue,1 Nakamura discussed the successful introduction and use of MCH handbooks in Japan and described the handbook's intended function as a record of health information for mothers during pregnancy (antenatal and postnatal care) and children from birth through adolescence. He also described Japan's support for the introduction of MCH handbooks in other countries2 through the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the theoretical role of MCH handbooks within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals. In his thesis, Nakamura extolled the perceived benefits of MCH handbooks without providing appropriate context—context that might cause readers to hesitate and consider whether health handbooks are in fact superior to other forms of home-based personal health records such as vaccination only cards or vaccination plus growth monitoring cards.","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83236130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}