Biologics (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献

The Role of Anti-DFS70 in the Diagnosis of Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases 抗dfs70在系统性自身免疫性风湿病诊断中的作用

Biologics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.3390/biologics3040019

Liudmila Zotova, Victoria Kotova, Zakhar Kuznetsov

{"title":"The Role of Anti-DFS70 in the Diagnosis of Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases","authors":"Liudmila Zotova, Victoria Kotova, Zakhar Kuznetsov","doi":"10.3390/biologics3040019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biologics3040019","url":null,"abstract":"The diagnosis of systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease (SARD) or its exclusion is carried out taking into account the results of immunological studies, primarily antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and specific autoantibodies. Often, during ANA analysis via indirect immunofluorescence reaction on cellular and tissue substrates, a dense fine speckled 70 (DFS70) fluorescence pattern is observed. Studies on the diagnostic significance of antibodies to anti-DFS70 allow for optimizing the stepwise diagnosis of SARD. Currently, a two-step strategy for laboratory diagnostic investigation is recommended: in the first step, ANA screening is performed, and in the second step, patients with positive results undergo confirmatory tests to detect specific antibodies against individual nuclear antigens. The detection of anti-DFS70 in ANA-seropositive patients without clinical and/or other specific serological markers characteristic of a particular disease within the SARD group may be considered a negative prognostic marker. Also, in the process of decision making in clinical practice, we should remember that anti-DFS70 can be found in the blood of patients with a different, non-SARD pathology and that most people showing anti-DFS70 are healthy individuals.","PeriodicalId":93526,"journal":{"name":"Biologics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134992172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is Metagenomics the Future Routine Diagnosis Tool for Brain Abscesses? About a Case 宏基因组学是脑脓肿未来的常规诊断工具吗?关于一个案例

Biologics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.3390/biologics3040018

William Lars, Claudie Lamoureux, Jérémy Picard, Christophe Rodriguez, Clémence Beauruelle, Luc Quaesaet, Geneviève Héry-Arnaud, Séverine Ansart, Anne Coste

引用次数: 0

Neoantigens: The Novel Precision Cancer Immunotherapy 新抗原:新型精准癌症免疫疗法

Biologics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.3390/biologics3040017

Tiantian Zhang, Esaw Kurban, Zhe Wang

{"title":"Neoantigens: The Novel Precision Cancer Immunotherapy","authors":"Tiantian Zhang, Esaw Kurban, Zhe Wang","doi":"10.3390/biologics3040017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biologics3040017","url":null,"abstract":"The past few decades have witnessed the remarkable progress of cancer immunotherapy. Neoantigens, also known as tumor-specific antigens, are novel antigens originating from tumor-specific alterations such as genomic mutations, dysregulated RNA splicing, and post-translational modifications. Neoantigens, recognized as non-self entities, trigger immune responses that evade central and peripheral tolerance mechanisms. With the notable strides in cancer genomics facilitated by next-generation sequencing technologies, neoantigens have emerged as a promising avenue for tumor-specific immunotherapy grounded in genomic profiling-based precision medicine. Furthermore, a growing number of preclinical and clinical investigations are harnessing the potential synergies between neoantigens and other immunotherapies such as adoptive cell therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive perspective encompassing the trajectory of neoantigens, neoantigen design strategies, and the diverse array of clinical applications inherent in immunotherapy strategies centered around neoantigens. Moreover, we delve into the inherent prospects and challenges that accompany the clinical adoption of neoantigen-based immunotherapies while also putting forth potential solutions to address these challenges.","PeriodicalId":93526,"journal":{"name":"Biologics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135883243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dose-Dependency of the Glycemic Response to Polyphenol-Rich Sugarcane Extract (PRSE) 富含多酚的甘蔗提取物(PRSE)对血糖反应的剂量依赖性

Biologics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.3390/biologics3040016

Matthew Flavel, Julian Neoh, Kosta Fremielle Lim

{"title":"Dose-Dependency of the Glycemic Response to Polyphenol-Rich Sugarcane Extract (PRSE)","authors":"Matthew Flavel, Julian Neoh, Kosta Fremielle Lim","doi":"10.3390/biologics3040016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biologics3040016","url":null,"abstract":"Foods high in available carbohydrates, such as plain white sugar or sucrose, increase the postprandial blood glucose levels that may aggravate the risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes. One class of compounds that is gaining popularity due to its potential application in reducing the release of sugars for absorption into the body is polyphenols. The study aimed to investigate the effect of adding different doses of polyphenol-rich sugarcane extract (PRSE) to sucrose to lower the postprandial glycemia of the participants in a non-randomized study. The four test samples’ Glycemic Index (GI) values were calculated based on the standardized recommended methodology by comparing the area under the curve (AUC) of the test samples against the glucose standard. The glucose concentration curves were similar for the four test foods. The glucose response curves, and GI values were decreased in a dose-dependent manner. The results of this study indicate that PRSE-coated sugar can lower postprandial glycemia in normal individuals. Additionally, decreasing GI values with an increasing concentration of polyphenols suggests a dose-dependent effect between polyphenol levels and GI.","PeriodicalId":93526,"journal":{"name":"Biologics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136358385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Robust Porcine GFR Measurement with Radiotracers and Only Late Blood Samples 用放射性示踪剂和仅晚期血液样本测定猪GFR

Biologics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.3390/biologics3040015

Lars Jødal, Juan Ignacio Brignone, Pui-Ki Chan Ladefoged, Lars Lund, Trine Borup Andersen

{"title":"Robust Porcine GFR Measurement with Radiotracers and Only Late Blood Samples","authors":"Lars Jødal, Juan Ignacio Brignone, Pui-Ki Chan Ladefoged, Lars Lund, Trine Borup Andersen","doi":"10.3390/biologics3040015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biologics3040015","url":null,"abstract":"(1) Pigs are physiologically very relevant as animal models of human physiology. Radiotracer methods for porcine GFR (glomerular filtration rate) determination exist but require full-curve blood sampling or the application of correction formulas, which vary among studies. (2) We used porcine GFR data (40 datapoints from 20 juvenile pigs) for which the GFR was measured as the plasma clearance of [99mTc]Tc-DTPA. The reference clearance (Cl, GFR; range 41–85 mL/min) was measured from the full curve under the data. For simpler determination, an approximate clearance, Cl1, was based on the last five blood samples (acquired 120–240 min post injection). (3) The following formula for the GFR was developed: Cl = 1.27 · (Cl1)0.92. The spread (SD) was within 4% of the reference GFR. A comparison with the literature data showed that our correction formula was robust in pigs of various breeds, sizes up to approximately 200 kg, and GFRs up to approximately 400 mL/min, with a spread of up to 8%. The formula was also applicable for iohexol as the tracer. (4) A formula was developed that allows porcine GFR to be measured using only 4–5 late blood samples. This new formula can be applied across a wide range of swine breeds, animal sizes, and GFR ranges, allowing for robust determination of the GFR in pigs without full-curve blood sampling and without urine collection.","PeriodicalId":93526,"journal":{"name":"Biologics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135246713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Dawn of In Vivo Gene Editing Era: A Revolution in the Making 体内基因编辑时代的黎明:一场酝酿中的革命

Biologics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.3390/biologics3040014

Sarfaraz K. Niazi

{"title":"The Dawn of In Vivo Gene Editing Era: A Revolution in the Making","authors":"Sarfaraz K. Niazi","doi":"10.3390/biologics3040014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biologics3040014","url":null,"abstract":"Gene or genome editing (GE) revises, removes, or replaces a mutated gene at the DNA level; it is a tool. Gene therapy (GT) offsets mutations by introducing a “normal” version of the gene into the body while the diseased gene remains in the genome; it is a medicine. So far, no in vivo GE product has been approved, as opposed to 22 GT products approved by the FDA, and many more are under development. No GE product has been approved globally; however, critical regulatory agencies are encouraging their entry, as evidenced by the FDA issuing a guideline specific to GE products. The potential of GE in treating diseases far supersedes any other modality conceived in history. Still, it also presents unparalleled risks—from off-target impact, delivery consistency and long-term effects of gene-fixing leading to designer babies and species transformation that will keep the bar high for the approval of these products. These challenges will come to the light of resolution only after the FDA begins approving them and opening the door to a revolution in treating hundreds of untreatable diseases that will be tantamount to a revolution in the making. This article brings a perspective and a future analysis of GE to educate and motivate developers to expand GE products to fulfill the needs of patients.","PeriodicalId":93526,"journal":{"name":"Biologics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135769267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Unraveling the Immunopathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis: The Dynamic Dance of Plasmablasts and Pathogenic T Cells 揭示多发性硬化症的免疫发病机制:质母细胞和致病T细胞的动态舞蹈

Biologics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.3390/biologics3030013

Yasunari Matsuzaka, Ryu Yashiro

{"title":"Unraveling the Immunopathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis: The Dynamic Dance of Plasmablasts and Pathogenic T Cells","authors":"Yasunari Matsuzaka, Ryu Yashiro","doi":"10.3390/biologics3030013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biologics3030013","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, characterized by multiple lesions occurring temporally and spatially. Additionally, MS is a disease that predominates in the white population. In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in the number of patients, and it often occurs in young people, with an average age of onset of around 30 years old, but it can also occur in children and the elderly. It is more common in women than men, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 1:3. As the immunopathogenesis of MS, a group of B cells called plasmablasts controls encephalomyelitis via IL-10 production. These IL-10-producing B cells, called regulatory B cells, suppress inflammatory responses in experimental mouse models of autoimmune diseases including MS. Since it has been clarified that these regulatory B cells are plasmablasts, it is expected that the artificial control of plasmablast differentiation will lead to the development of new treatments for MS. Among CD8-positive T cells in the peripheral blood, the proportion of PD-1-positive cells is decreased in MS patients compared with healthy controls. The dysfunction of inhibitory receptors expressed on T cells is known to be the core of MS immunopathology and may be the cause of chronic persistent inflammation. The PD-1+ CD8+ T cells may also serve as indicators that reflect the condition of each patient in other immunological neurological diseases such as MS. Th17 cells also regulate the development of various autoimmune diseases, including MS. Thus, the restoration of weakened immune regulatory functions may be a true disease-modifying treatment. So far, steroids and immunosuppressants have been the mainstream for autoimmune diseases, but the problem is that this kills not only pathogenic T cells, but also lymphocytes, which are necessary for the body. From this understanding of the immune regulation of MS, we can expect the development of therapeutic strategies that target only pathogenic immune cells.","PeriodicalId":93526,"journal":{"name":"Biologics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134913564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Current Review on the Role of Prebiotics in Colorectal Cancer 益生元在结直肠癌中的作用研究进展

Biologics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.3390/biologics3030012

Anna Shrifteylik, Morgan Maiolini, Matthew E. Dufault, Daniel L Austin, B. Subhadra, Purushottam Lamichhane, Rahul Renukadas Deshmukh

引用次数: 0

Precision Medicine in a Community Cancer Center: Pan-Cancer DNA/RNA Sequencing of Tumors Reveals Clinically Relevant Gene Fusions 社区癌症中心的精准医学:肿瘤泛癌DNA/RNA测序揭示临床相关基因融合

Biologics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.3390/biologics3030011

S. Darabi, Carlos E. Zuazo, David Braxton, B. Eisenberg, M. Demeure

{"title":"Precision Medicine in a Community Cancer Center: Pan-Cancer DNA/RNA Sequencing of Tumors Reveals Clinically Relevant Gene Fusions","authors":"S. Darabi, Carlos E. Zuazo, David Braxton, B. Eisenberg, M. Demeure","doi":"10.3390/biologics3030011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biologics3030011","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gene fusions occur when two independent genes form a hybrid gene through genomic rearrangements, which often leads to abnormal expression and function of an encoded protein. In hematological and solid cancers, oncogenic fusions may be prognostic, diagnostic, or therapeutic biomarkers. Improved detection and understanding of the functional implications of such fusions may be beneficial for patient care. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of our internal genomic database to identify known and novel gene fusions in different solid tumors seen in our community cancer center. We then investigated the clinical implications of the fusions we identified. Results: We identified 420 known oncogenic fusions and 25 unclassified gene fusions across twenty-six different cancer types. Of 420 fusion-positive tumors with known fusions, there were 366 unique gene fusions. Conclusions: About 10% of tumors investigated had oncogenic fusions, which supports the notion that comprehensive molecular profiling, including RNA sequencing, should be provided for patients with advanced cancers.","PeriodicalId":93526,"journal":{"name":"Biologics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42083224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Administration of Collagen Peptide Prevents the Progression of Pulmonary Fibrosis in Bleomycin-Treated Mice 给予胶原肽可防止博莱霉素治疗小鼠肺纤维化的进展

Biologics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-07-28 DOI: 10.3390/biologics3030010

Minami Yoshihara, Chisaki Asatsuma, Ayuna Masuko, Keiya Iwaasa, Yuki Saito-Matsuzawa, H. Sone, S. Kamiyama

引用次数: 0