Psychoradiology最新文献

{"title":"Neural correlations between cognitive deficits and emotion regulation strategies: understanding emotion dysregulation in depression from the perspective of cognitive control and cognitive biases.","authors":"Wei Gao, XinYu Yan, JiaJin Yuan","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkac014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkac014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The link between cognitive function and emotion regulation may be helpful in better understanding the onset, maintenance, and treatment for depression. However, it remains unclear whether there are neural correlates between emotion dysregulation and cognitive deficits in depression. To address this question, we first review the neural representations of emotion dysregulation and cognitive deficits in depression (including deficits in cognitive control and cognitive biases). Based on the comparisons of neural representations of emotion dysregulation versus cognitive deficits, we propose an accessible and reasonable link between emotion dysregulation, cognitive control, and cognitive biases in depression. Specifically, cognitive control serves the whole process of emotion regulation, whereas cognitive biases are engaged in emotion regulation processes at different stages. Moreover, the abnormal implementation of different emotion regulation strategies in depression is consistently affected by cognitive control, which is involved in the dorsolateral, the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, and the anterior cingulate cortex. Besides, the relationship between different emotion regulation strategies and cognitive biases in depression may be distinct: the orbitofrontal cortex contributes to the association between ineffective reappraisal and negative interpretation bias, while the subgenual prefrontal cortex and the posterior cingulate cortex underline the tendency of depressed individuals to ruminate and overly engage in self-referential bias. This review sheds light on the relationship between cognitive deficits and emotion dysregulation in depression and identifies directions in need of future attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"2 3","pages":"86-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of white matter functional networks underlying different behavioral profiles in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.","authors":"Xuan Bu, Yingxue Gao, Kaili Liang, Ying Chen, Lanting Guo, Xiaoqi Huang","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkac012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkac012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cortical functional network alterations have been widely accepted as the neural basis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Recently, white matter has also been recognized as a novel neuroimaging marker of psychopathology and has been used as a complement to cortical functional networks to investigate brain-behavior relationships. However, disorder-specific features of white matter functional networks (WMFNs) are less well understood than those of gray matter functional networks. In the current study, we constructed WMFNs using a new strategy to characterize behavior-related network features in ADHD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 46 drug-naïve boys with ADHD and 46 typically developing (TD) boys, and used clustering analysis on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data to generate WMFNs in each group. Intrinsic activity within each network was extracted, and the associations between network activity and behavior measures were assessed using correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine WMFNs were identified for both ADHD and TD participants. However, boys with ADHD showed a splitting of the inferior corticospinal-cerebellar network and lacked a cognitive control network. In addition, boys with ADHD showed increased activity in the dorsal attention network and somatomotor network, which correlated positively with attention problems and hyperactivity symptom scores, respectively, while they presented decreased activity in the frontoparietal network and frontostriatal network in association with poorer performance in response inhibition, working memory, and verbal fluency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We discovered a dual pattern of white matter network activity in drug-naïve ADHD boys, with hyperactive symptom-related networks and hypoactive cognitive networks. These findings characterize two distinct types of WMFN in ADHD psychopathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"2 3","pages":"69-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140861057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping brain functional and structural abnormities in autism spectrum disorder: moving toward precision treatment.","authors":"Xujun Duan, Huafu Chen","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkac013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkac013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a formidable challenge for psychiatry and neuroscience because of its high prevalence, lifelong nature, complexity, and substantial heterogeneity. A major goal of neuroimaging studies of ASD is to understand the neurobiological underpinnings of this disorder from multi-dimensional and multi-level perspectives, by investigating how brain anatomy, function, and connectivity are altered in ASD, and how they vary across the population. However, ongoing debate exists within those studies, and neuroimaging findings in ASD are often contradictory. Over the past decade, we have dedicated to delineate a comprehensive and consistent mapping of the abnormal structure and function of the autistic brain, and this review synthesizes the findings across our studies reaching a consensus that the \"social brain\" are the most affected regions in the autistic brain at different levels and modalities. We suggest that the social brain network can serve as a plausible biomarker and potential target for effective intervention in individuals with ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"2 3","pages":"78-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell-type-specific genes associated with cortical structural abnormalities in pediatric bipolar disorder.","authors":"Wenkun Lei, Qian Xiao, Chun Wang, Weijia Gao, Yiwen Xiao, Yingliang Dai, Guangming Lu, Linyan Su, Yuan Zhong","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkac009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkac009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) has been proven to be related to abnormal brain structural connectivity, but how the abnormalities in PBD correlate with gene expression is debated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims at identification of cell-type-specific gene modules based on cortical structural differences in PBD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Morphometric similarity networks (MSN) were computed as a marker of interareal cortical connectivity based on MRI data from 102 participants (59 patients and 43 controls). Partial least squares (PLS) regression was used to calculate MSN differences related to transcriptomic data in AHBA. The biological processes and cortical cell types associated with this gene expression profile were determined by gene enrichment tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MSN analysis results demonstrated differences of cortical structure between individuals diagnosed with PBD and healthy control participants. MSN differences were spatially correlated with the PBD-related weighted genes. The weighted genes were enriched for \"trans-synaptic signaling\" and \"regulation of ion transport\", and showed significant specific expression in excitatory and inhibitory neurons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified the genes that contributed to structural network aberrations in PBD. It was found that transcriptional changes of excitatory and inhibitory neurons might be associated with abnormal brain structural connectivity in PBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"2 2","pages":"56-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11044809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkac003","DOIUrl":"10.1093/psyrad/kkac003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/psyrad/kkab009.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/psyrad/kkab017.].</p>","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"2 1","pages":"296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8915204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50164073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroimaging brain growth charts: A road to mental health.","authors":"Li-Zhen Chen, Avram J Holmes, Xi-Nian Zuo, Qi Dong","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkab022","DOIUrl":"10.1093/psyrad/kkab022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mental disorders are common health concerns and contribute to a heavy global burden on our modern society. It is challenging to identify and treat them timely. Neuroimaging evidence suggests the incidence of various psychiatric and behavioral disorders is closely related to the atypical development of brain structure and function. The identification and understanding of atypical brain development provide chances for clinicians to detect mental disorders earlier, perhaps even prior to onset, and treat them more precisely. An invaluable and necessary method in identifying and monitoring atypical brain development are growth charts of typically developing individuals in the population. The brain growth charts can offer a series of standard references on typical neurodevelopment, representing an important resource for the scientific and medical communities. In the present paper, we review the relationship between mental disorders and atypical brain development from a perspective of normative brain development by surveying the recent progress in the development of brain growth charts, including four aspects on growth chart utility: 1) cohorts, 2) measures, 3) mechanisms, and 4) clinical translations. In doing so, we seek to clarify the challenges and opportunities in charting brain growth, and to promote the application of brain growth charts in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"1 4","pages":"272-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8739332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39910116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct neuroanatomic subtypes in antipsychotic-treated patients with schizophrenia classified by the predefined classification in a never-treated sample.","authors":"Qiannan Zhao, Jiao Li, Yuan Xiao, Hengyi Cao, Xiao Wang, Wenjing Zhang, Siyi Li, Wei Liao, Qiyong Gong, Su Lui","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkab018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkab018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Distinct neuroanatomic subtypes have been identified in never-treated patients with schizophrenia based on cerebral structural abnormalities, but whether antipsychotic-treated patients would be stratified under the guidance of such previously formed classification remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aimed to investigate alterations of brain structures in antipsychotic-treated patients with schizophrenia based on a predefined morphological classification and their relationships with cognitive performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume were extracted from 147 antipsychotic-treated patients with schizophrenia using structural magnetic resonance imaging for classification. The Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were used to assess cognition and symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Antipsychotic-treated patients were categorized into three subtypes with distinct patterns of brain morphological alterations. Subtypes 1 and 2 were characterized by widespread deficits in cortical thickness but relatively limited deficits in surface area. In contrast, subtype 3 demonstrated cortical thickening mainly in parietal-occipital regions and widespread deficits in surface area. All three subgroups demonstrated cognitive deficits compared with healthy controls. Significant associations between neuroanatomic and cognitive abnormalities were only observed in subtype 1, where cortical thinning in the left lingual gyrus was conversely related to symbol coding performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Similar to drug-naïve patients, neuroanatomic heterogeneity exists in antipsychotic-treated patients, with disparate associations with cognition. These findings promote our understanding of relationships between neuroanatomic abnormalities and cognitive performance in the context of heterogeneity. Moreover, these results suggest that neurobiological heterogeneity needs to be considered in cognitive research in schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"1 4","pages":"212-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11025559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140860970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with the COVID-19 and its potential nervous system infection mechanism: the role of imaging in the study.","authors":"Yanyao Du, Wei Zhao, Lei Du, Jun Liu","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkab019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkab019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has broken the normal spread mode of respiratory viruses, namely, mainly spread in winter, resulting in over 230 million confirmed cases of COVID-19. Many studies have shown that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can affect the nervous system by varying degrees. In this review, we look at the acute neuropsychiatric impacts of COVID-19 patients, including acute ischemic stroke, encephalitis, acute necrotizing encephalopathy, dysosmia, and epilepsy, as well as the long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19 survivors: mental disorder and neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, this review discusses long-term changes in brain structure and function associated with COVID-19 infection. We believe that the traditional imaging sequences are important in the acute phase, while the nontraditional imaging sequences are more meaningful for the detection of long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae. These long-term follow-up changes in structure and function may also help us understand the causes of neuropsychiatric symptoms in COVID-19 survivors. Finally, we review previous studies and discuss some potential mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the nervous system. Continuous focus on neuropsychiatric sequelae and a comprehensive understanding of the long-term impacts of the virus to the nervous system is significant for formulating effective sequelae prevention and management strategies, and may provide important clues for nervous system damage in future public health crises.</p>","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"1 4","pages":"199-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical thickness abnormalities in patients with first episode psychosis: a meta-analysis of psychoradiologic studies and replication in an independent sample.","authors":"Keren Wen, Youjin Zhao, Qiyong Gong, Ziyu Zhu, Qian Li, Nanfang Pan, Shiqin Fu, Joaquim Radua, Eduard Vieta, Poornima Kumar, Graham J Kemp, Bharat B Biswal","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkab015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/psyrad/kkab015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Abnormalities of cortical thickness (CTh) in patients with their first episode psychosis (FEP) have been frequently reported, but findings are inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To define the most consistent CTh changes in patients with FEP by meta-analysis of published whole-brain studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The meta-analysis used seed-based d mapping (SDM) software to obtain the most prominent regional CTh changes in FEP, and meta-regression analyses to explore the effects of demographics and clinical characteristics. The meta-analysis results were verified in an independent sample of 142 FEP patients and 142 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs), using both a vertex-wise and a region of interest analysis, with multiple comparisons correction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The meta-analysis identified lower CTh in the right middle temporal cortex (MTC) extending to superior temporal cortex (STC), insula, and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in FEP compared with HCs. No significant correlations were identified between CTh alterations and demographic or clinical variables. These results were replicated in the independent dataset analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies a robust pattern of cortical abnormalities in FEP and extends understanding of gray matter abnormalities and pathological mechanisms in FEP.</p>","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"1 4","pages":"185-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8826222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39778066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New avenues for functional neuroimaging: ultra-high field MRI and OPM-MEG.","authors":"Lang Qin, Jia-Hong Gao","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkab014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/psyrad/kkab014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Functional brain imaging technology has developed rapidly in recent years. On the one hand, high-field 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has excelled the limited spatial resolution of 3-Tesla MRI, allowing us to enter a new world of mesoscopic imaging from the macroscopic imaging of human brain functions. On the other hand, novel optical pumping magnetometer-magnetoencephalography (OPM-MEG) has broken down the technical barriers of traditional superconducting MEG, which brings imaging of neuronal electromagnetic signals from cortical imaging to whole-brain imaging. This article aims to present a brief introduction regarding the development of conventional MRI and MEG technology, and, more importantly, to delineate that high-field MRI and OPM-MEG complement each other and together will lead us into a new era of functional brain imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"165-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11025555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79138454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}