Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany)最新文献

{"title":"The relation between crystal structure and the occurrence of quantum-rotor-induced polarization.","authors":"Corinna Dietrich, Julia Wissel, Oliver Lorenz, Arafat Hossain Khan, Marko Bertmer, Somayeh Khazaei, Daniel Sebastiani, Jörg Matysik","doi":"10.5194/mr-2-751-2021","DOIUrl":"10.5194/mr-2-751-2021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among hyperpolarization techniques, quantum-rotor-induced polarization (QRIP), also known as the Haupt effect, is a peculiar one. It is, on the one hand, rather simple to apply by cooling and heating a sample. On the other hand, only the methyl groups of a few substances seem to allow for the effect, which strongly limits the applicability of QRIP. While it is known that a high tunnel frequency is required, the structural conditions for the effect to occur have not been exhaustively studied yet. Here we report on our efforts to heuristically recognize structural motifs in molecular crystals able to allow to produce QRIP.</p>","PeriodicalId":93333,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":"751-763"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10539751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44968591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of coherent re-arrangement for long-lived spin order.","authors":"Florin Teleanu,&nbsp;Paul R Vasos","doi":"10.5194/mr-2-741-2021","DOIUrl":"10.5194/mr-2-741-2021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-lived spin order-based approaches for magnetic resonance rely on the transition between two magnetic environments of different symmetries, one governed by the magnetic field of the spectrometer and the other where this strong magnetic field is inconsequential. Research on the excitation of magnetic-symmetry transitions in nuclear spins is a scientific field that debuted in Southampton in the year 2000. We advanced in this field carrying the baggage of pre-established directions in NMR spectroscopy. We propose to reveal herein the part of discoveries that may have been obscured by our choice to only look at them through the experience of such pre-established directions at the time. The methodological developments that are emphasised herein are the mechanisms of translation between the symmetric and non-symmetric environments with respect to the main magnetic field <math><mrow><msub><mi>B</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></math>. More specifically, we look again thoroughly at zero-quantum rotations in the starting blocks of long-lived state populations, magnetisation transfers between hyperpolarised heteronuclei, and protons. These pulse sequences seed subsequent magnetic mechanisms that contribute to further applications. For instance, we show how some of the introduced coherence rotations were combined with classical pulse blocks to obtain two-dimensional correlations between protons and heteronuclei. We hope the pulse sequence building blocks discussed herein will open further perspectives for magnetic resonance experiments with long-lived spin order.</p>","PeriodicalId":93333,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany)","volume":"2 2","pages":"741-749"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10539845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71415919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementary material to \"Localising individual atoms of tryptophan side chains in the metallo-β-lactamase IMP-1 by pseudocontact shifts from paramagnetic lanthanoid tags at multiple sites\"","authors":"H. Orton, Iresha D Herath, A. Maleckis, Shereen Jabar, M. Szabó, B. Graham, Colum Breen, Lydia Topping, Stephen J. Butler, G. Otting","doi":"10.5194/mr-2021-63-supplement","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/mr-2021-63-supplement","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The metallo-β-lactamase IMP-1 features a flexible loop near the active site that assumes different conformations in single crystal structures, which may assist in substrate binding and enzymatic activity. To probe the position of this loop, we labelled the tryptophan residues of IMP-1 with 7-13C-indole and the protein with lanthanoid tags at three different sites. The magnetic susceptibility anisotropy (Δχ) tensors were determined by measuring pseudocontact shifts (PCS) of backbone amide protons. The Δχ tensors were subsequently used to identify the atomic coordinates of the tryptophan side chains in the protein. The PCSs were sufficient to determine the location of Trp28, which is located in the active site loop targeted by our experiments, with high accuracy. Its average atomic coordinates showed barely significant changes in response to the inhibitor captopril. It was found that localisation spaces could be defined with better accuracy by including only the PCSs of a single paramagnetic lanthanoid ion for each tag and tagging site. The effect was attributed to the shallow angle with which PCS isosurfaces tend to intersect if generated by tags and tagging sites that are identical except for the paramagnetic lanthanoid ion.\u0000","PeriodicalId":93333,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48934164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Signal-to-noise ratio in diffusion-ordered spectroscopy: how good is good enough?","authors":"Jamie Guest,&nbsp;Peter Kiraly,&nbsp;Mathias Nilsson,&nbsp;Gareth A Morris","doi":"10.5194/mr-2-733-2021","DOIUrl":"10.5194/mr-2-733-2021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) constructs multidimensional spectra displaying signal strength as a function of Larmor frequency and of diffusion coefficient from experimental measurements using pulsed field gradient spin or stimulated echoes. Peak positions in the diffusion domain are determined by diffusion coefficients estimated by fitting experimental data to some variant of the Stejskal-Tanner equation, with the peak widths determined by the standard error estimated in the fitting process. The accuracy and reliability of the diffusion domain in DOSY spectra are therefore determined by the uncertainties in the experimental data and thus in part by the signal-to-noise ratio of the experimental spectra measured. Here the Cramér-Rao lower bound, Monte Carlo methods, and experimental data are used to investigate the relationship between signal-to-noise ratio, experimental parameters, and diffusion domain accuracy in 2D DOSY experiments. Experimental results confirm that sources of error other than noise put an upper limit on the improvement in diffusion domain accuracy obtainable by time averaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":93333,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany)","volume":"2 2","pages":"733-739"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10539768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71415924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid assessment of Watson-Crick to Hoogsteen exchange in unlabeled DNA duplexes using high-power SELOPE imino ¹H CEST.","authors":"Bei Liu, Atul Rangadurai, Honglue Shi, Hashim M Al-Hashimi","doi":"10.5194/mr-2-715-2021","DOIUrl":"10.5194/mr-2-715-2021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In duplex DNA, Watson-Crick A-T and G-C base pairs (bp's) exist in dynamic equilibrium with an alternative Hoogsteen conformation, which is low in abundance and short-lived. Measuring how the Hoogsteen dynamics varies across different DNA sequences, structural contexts and physiological conditions is key for identifying potential Hoogsteen hot spots and for understanding the potential roles of Hoogsteen base pairs in DNA recognition and repair. However, such studies are hampered by the need to prepare <math><msup><mi></mi><mn>13</mn></msup></math>C or <math><msup><mi></mi><mn>15</mn></msup></math>N isotopically enriched DNA samples for NMR relaxation dispersion (RD) experiments. Here, using SELective Optimized Proton Experiments (SELOPE) <math><msup><mi></mi><mn>1</mn></msup></math>H CEST experiments employing high-power radiofrequency fields (<math><mrow><msub><mi>B</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></mrow></math> <math><mo>></mo></math> 250 Hz) targeting imino protons, we demonstrate accurate and robust characterization of Watson-Crick to Hoogsteen exchange, without the need for isotopic enrichment of the DNA. For 13 residues in three DNA duplexes under different temperature and pH conditions, the exchange parameters deduced from high-power imino <math><msup><mi></mi><mn>1</mn></msup></math>H CEST were in very good agreement with counterparts measured using off-resonance <math><msup><mi></mi><mn>13</mn></msup></math>C <math><mo>/</mo></math> <math><msup><mi></mi><mn>15</mn></msup></math>N spin relaxation in the rotating frame (<math><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mrow><mn>1</mn><mi>ρ</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math>). It is shown that <math><msup><mi></mi><mn>1</mn></msup></math>H-<math><msup><mi></mi><mn>1</mn></msup></math>H NOE effects which typically introduce artifacts in <math><msup><mi></mi><mn>1</mn></msup></math>H-based measurements of chemical exchange can be effectively suppressed by selective excitation, provided that the relaxation delay is short (<math><mo>≤</mo></math> 100 ms). The <math><msup><mi></mi><mn>1</mn></msup></math>H CEST experiment can be performed with <math><mo>∼</mo></math> 10<math><mo>×</mo></math> higher throughput and <math><mo>∼</mo></math> 100<math><mo>×</mo></math> lower cost relative to <math><msup><mi></mi><mn>13</mn></msup></math>C <math><mo>/</mo></math> <math><msup><mi></mi><mn>15</mn></msup></math>N <math><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mrow><mn>1</mn><mi>ρ</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> and enabled Hoogsteen chemical exchange measurements undetectable by <math><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mrow><mn>1</mn><mi>ρ</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math>. The results reveal an increased propensity to form Hoogsteen bp's near terminal ends and a diminished propensity within A-tract motifs. The <math><msup><mi></mi><mn>1</mn></msup></math>H CEST experiment provides a basis for rapidly screening Hoogsteen breathing in duplex DNA, enabling identification of unusual motifs for more in-depth characterization.</p>","PeriodicalId":93333,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":"715-731"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10539785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47842256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the modeling of amplitude-sensitive electron spin resonance (ESR) detection using voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)-based ESR-on-a-chip detectors.","authors":"Anh Chu,&nbsp;Benedikt Schlecker,&nbsp;Michal Kern,&nbsp;Justin L Goodsell,&nbsp;Alexander Angerhofer,&nbsp;Klaus Lips,&nbsp;Jens Anders","doi":"10.5194/mr-2-699-2021","DOIUrl":"10.5194/mr-2-699-2021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we present an in-depth analysis of a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)-based sensing method for electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, which greatly simplifies the experimental setup compared to conventional detection schemes. In contrast to our previous oscillator-based ESR detectors, where the ESR signal was encoded in the oscillation frequency, in the amplitude-sensitive method, the ESR signal is sensed as a change of the oscillation amplitude of the VCO. Therefore, using VCO architecture with a built-in amplitude demodulation scheme, the experimental setup reduces to a single permanent magnet in combination with a few inexpensive electronic components. We present a theoretical analysis of the achievable limit of detection, which uses perturbation-theory-based VCO modeling for the signal and applies a stochastic averaging approach to obtain a closed-form expression for the noise floor. Additionally, the paper also introduces a numerical model suitable for simulating oscillator-based ESR experiments in a conventional circuit simulator environment. This model can be used to optimize sensor performance early on in the design phase. Finally, all presented models are verified against measured results from a prototype VCO operating at 14 <math><mrow><mi>GHz</mi></mrow></math> inside a 0.5 <math><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></math> magnetic field.</p>","PeriodicalId":93333,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":"699-713"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10539732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46739464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Lindbladian form and the reincarnation of Felix Bloch's generalized theory of relaxation.","authors":"Thomas M Barbara","doi":"10.5194/mr-2-689-2021","DOIUrl":"10.5194/mr-2-689-2021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between the classic magnetic resonance density matrix relaxation theories of Bloch and Hubbard and the modern Lindbladian master equation methods are explored. These classic theories are in full agreement with the latest results obtained by the modern methods. A careful scrutiny shows that this also holds true for Redfield's later treatment, offered in 1965. The early contributions of Bloch and Hubbard to rotating-frame relaxation theory are also highlighted. Taken together, these seminal efforts of Bloch and Hubbard can enjoy a new birth of contemporary relevance in magnetic resonance.</p>","PeriodicalId":93333,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany)","volume":"2 2","pages":"689-698"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10539727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71415927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel multinuclear solid-state NMR approach for the characterization of kidney stones.","authors":"César Leroy,&nbsp;Laure Bonhomme-Coury,&nbsp;Christel Gervais,&nbsp;Frederik Tielens,&nbsp;Florence Babonneau,&nbsp;Michel Daudon,&nbsp;Dominique Bazin,&nbsp;Emmanuel Letavernier,&nbsp;Danielle Laurencin,&nbsp;Dinu Iuga,&nbsp;John V Hanna,&nbsp;Mark E Smith,&nbsp;Christian Bonhomme","doi":"10.5194/mr-2-653-2021","DOIUrl":"10.5194/mr-2-653-2021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The spectroscopic study of pathological calcifications (including kidney stones) is extremely rich and helps to improve the understanding of the physical and chemical processes associated with their formation. While Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging and optical/electron microscopies are routine techniques in hospitals, there has been a dearth of solid-state NMR studies introduced into this area of medical research, probably due to the scarcity of this analytical technique in hospital facilities. This work introduces effective multinuclear and multidimensional solid-state NMR methodologies to study the complex chemical and structural properties characterizing kidney stone composition. As a basis for comparison, three hydrates (<math><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math>, 2 and 3) of calcium oxalate are examined along with nine representative kidney stones. The multinuclear magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR approach adopted investigates the <math><mrow><msup><mi></mi><mn>1</mn></msup><mi>H</mi></mrow></math>, <math><mrow><msup><mi></mi><mn>13</mn></msup><mi>C</mi></mrow></math>, <math><mrow><msup><mi></mi><mn>31</mn></msup><mi>P</mi></mrow></math> and <math><mrow><msup><mi></mi><mn>31</mn></msup><mi>P</mi></mrow></math> nuclei, with the <math><mrow><msup><mi></mi><mn>1</mn></msup><mi>H</mi></mrow></math> and <math><mrow><msup><mi></mi><mn>13</mn></msup><mi>C</mi></mrow></math> MAS NMR data able to be readily deconvoluted into the constituent elements associated with the different oxalates and organics present. For the first time, the full interpretation of highly resolved <math><mrow><msup><mi></mi><mn>1</mn></msup><mi>H</mi></mrow></math> NMR spectra is presented for the three hydrates, based on the structure and local dynamics. The corresponding <math><mrow><msup><mi></mi><mn>31</mn></msup><mi>P</mi></mrow></math> MAS NMR data indicates the presence of low-level inorganic phosphate species; however, the complexity of these data make the precise identification of the phases difficult to assign. This work provides physicians, urologists and nephrologists with additional avenues of spectroscopic investigation to interrogate this complex medical dilemma that requires real, multitechnique approaches to generate effective outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93333,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":"653-671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10539836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46618162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid-State 1H Spin Polarimetry by 13CH3 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance","authors":"S. Elliott, Quentin Stern, S. Jannin","doi":"10.5194/MR-2-643-2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/MR-2-643-2021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Dissolution-dynamic nuclear polarization is emerging as a promising means to prepare proton polarizations approaching unity. At present, 1H polarization quantification remains fastidious due to the requirement of measuring thermal equilibrium signals. Lineshape polarimetry of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectra is used to determine a number of useful properties regarding the spin system under investigation. In the case of highly polarized nuclear spins, such as those prepared under the conditions of dissolution-dynamic nuclear polarization experiments, the absolute polarization of a particular isotopic species within the sample can be directly inferred from the characteristics of the corresponding resonance lineshape. In situations where direct measurements of polarization are complicated by deleterious phenomena, indirect estimates of polarization using coupled heteronuclear spins prove informative. We present a simple analysis of the 13C spectral lineshape asymmetry of [2-13C]sodium acetate based on relative peak intensities, which can be used to indirectly evaluate the proton polarization of the methyl group moiety, and very likely the entire sample in the case of rapid and homogeneous 1H-1H spin diffusion. 1H polarizations greater than ~10–25 % (depending on the sign of the microwave irradiation) were found to be linearly proportional to the 13C peak asymmetry, which responds differently to positive or negative microwave irradiation. These results suggest that, as a dopant, [2-13C]sodium acetate could be used to indirectly gauge 1H polarizations in standard sample formulations, which is potentially advantageous for: samples polarized in commercial dissolution-dynamic nuclear polarization devices that lack 1H radiofrequency hardware, measurements which are deleteriously influenced by radiation damping or complicated by the presence of large background signals, and situations where the acquisition of a thermal equilibrium spectrum is not feasible.\u0000","PeriodicalId":93333,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45978324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-affinity tamoxifen analogues retain extensive positional disorder when bound to calmodulin.","authors":"Lilia Milanesi, Clare R Trevitt, Brian Whitehead, Andrea M Hounslow, Salvador Tomas, Laszlo L P Hosszu, Christopher A Hunter, Jonathan P Waltho","doi":"10.5194/mr-2-629-2021","DOIUrl":"10.5194/mr-2-629-2021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using a combination of NMR and fluorescence measurements, we have investigated the structure and dynamics of the complexes formed between calcium-loaded calmodulin (CaM) and the potent breast cancer inhibitor idoxifene, a derivative of tamoxifen. High-affinity binding (<math><mrow><msub><mi>K</mi><mi>d</mi></msub><mo>∼</mo><mn>300</mn></mrow></math> nM) saturates with a <math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>:</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math> <math><mrow><mi>idoxifene</mi><mo>:</mo><mi>CaM</mi></mrow></math> complex. The complex is an ensemble where each idoxifene molecule is predominantly in the vicinity of one of the two hydrophobic patches of CaM but, in contrast with the lower-affinity antagonists TFP, J-8, and W-7, does not substantially occupy the hydrophobic pocket. At least four idoxifene orientations per domain of CaM are necessary to satisfy the intermolecular nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) restraints, and this requires that the idoxifene molecules switch rapidly between positions. The CaM molecule is predominantly in the form where the N and C-terminal domains are in close proximity, allowing for the idoxifene molecules to contact both domains simultaneously. Hence, the <math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>:</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math> <math><mrow><mi>idoxifene</mi><mo>:</mo><mi>CaM</mi></mrow></math> complex illustrates how high-affinity binding occurs without the loss of extensive positional dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":93333,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":"629-642"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10539762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46300637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}