Collective dynamics最新文献_第6页

Placing Large Group Relations into Pedestrian Dynamics: Psychological Crowds in Counterflow 将大群体关系置于行人动力学中:逆流中的心理人群

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2020-03-10 DOI: 10.17815/cd.2019.23

A. Templeton, J. Drury, A. Philippides

{"title":"Placing Large Group Relations into Pedestrian Dynamics: Psychological Crowds in Counterflow","authors":"A. Templeton, J. Drury, A. Philippides","doi":"10.17815/cd.2019.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17815/cd.2019.23","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding influences on pedestrian movement is important to accurately simulate crowd behaviour, yet little research has explored the psychological factors that influence interactions between large groups in counterflow scenarios. Research from social psychology has demonstrated that social identities can influence the micro-level pedestrian movement of a psychological crowd, yet this has not been extended to explore behaviour when two large psychological groups are co-present. This study investigates how the presence of large groups with different social identities can affect pedestrian behaviour when walking in counterflow. Participants (N = 54) were divided into two groups and primed to have identities as either ‘team A’ or ‘team B’. The trajectories of all participants were tracked to compare the movement of team A when walking alone to when walking in counterflow with team B, based on their i) speed of movement and distance walked, and ii) proximity between participants. In comparison to walking alone, the presence of another group influenced team A to collectively self-organise to reduce their speed and distance walked in order to walk closely together with ingroup members. We discuss the importance of incorporating social identities into pedestrian group dynamics for empirically validated simulations of counterflow scenarios.","PeriodicalId":93276,"journal":{"name":"Collective dynamics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41671463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Statistical Model Fitting and Model Selection in Pedestrian Dynamics Research 行人动力学研究中的统计模型拟合与模型选择

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2019-04-18 DOI: 10.17815/CD.2019.20

N. Bode, E. Ronchi

{"title":"Statistical Model Fitting and Model Selection in Pedestrian Dynamics Research","authors":"N. Bode, E. Ronchi","doi":"10.17815/CD.2019.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17815/CD.2019.20","url":null,"abstract":"Pedestrian dynamics is concerned with understanding the movement patterns that arise in places where more than one person walks. Relating theoretical models to data is a crucial goal of research in this field. Statistical model fitting and model selection are a suitable approach to this problem and here we review the concepts and literature related to this methodology in the context of pedestrian dynamics. The central tenet of statistical modelling is to describe the relationship between different variables by using probability distributions. Rather than providing a critique of existing methodology or a \"how to\" guide for such an established research technique, our review aims to highlight broad concepts, different uses, best practices, challenges and opportunities with a focussed view on theoretical models for pedestrian behaviour. This contribution is aimed at researchers in pedestrian dynamics who want to carefully analyse data, relate a theoretical model to data, or compare the relative quality of several theoretical models. The survey of the literature we present provides many methodological starting points and we suggest that the particular challenges to statistical modelling in pedestrian dynamics make this an inherently interesting field of research.","PeriodicalId":93276,"journal":{"name":"Collective dynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48435359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

A Glossary forResearch on Human Crowd Dynamics 人类群体动力学研究术语表

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.17815/CD.2019.19

Juliane Adrian, N. Bode, M. Amos, Mitra Baratchi, Mira Beermann, M. Boltes, Alessandro Corbetta, G. Dezecache, J. Drury, Zhijian Fu, Roland Geraerts, S. Gwynne, G. Hofinger, A. Hunt, Tinus Kanters, A. Kneidl, K. Kónya, Gerta Köster, M. Küpper, Georgios Michalareas, F. Neville, Evangelos Ntontis, S. Reicher, E. Ronchi, A. Schadschneider, A. Seyfried, A. Shipman, A. Sieben, M. Spearpoint, G. Sullivan, A. Templeton, F. Toschi, Zeynep Yücel, F. Zanlungo, I. Zuriguel, Natalie Van derWal, Frank van Schadewijk, Cornelia von Krüchten, Nanda Wijermans

{"title":"A Glossary for\u0000Research on Human Crowd Dynamics","authors":"Juliane Adrian, N. Bode, M. Amos, Mitra Baratchi, Mira Beermann, M. Boltes, Alessandro Corbetta, G. Dezecache, J. Drury, Zhijian Fu, Roland Geraerts, S. Gwynne, G. Hofinger, A. Hunt, Tinus Kanters, A. Kneidl, K. Kónya, Gerta Köster, M. Küpper, Georgios Michalareas, F. Neville, Evangelos Ntontis, S. Reicher, E. Ronchi, A. Schadschneider, A. Seyfried, A. Shipman, A. Sieben, M. Spearpoint, G. Sullivan, A. Templeton, F. Toschi, Zeynep Yücel, F. Zanlungo, I. Zuriguel, Natalie Van der\u0000Wal, Frank van Schadewijk, Cornelia von Krüchten, Nanda Wijermans","doi":"10.17815/CD.2019.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17815/CD.2019.19","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a glossary of terms that are frequently used in research on human crowds. This topic is inherently multidisciplinary as it includes work in and across computer science, engineering, mathematics, physics, psychology and social science, for example. We do not view the glossary presented here as a collection of finalised and formal definitions. Instead, we suggest it is a snapshot of current views and the starting point of an ongoing process that we hope will be useful in providing some guidance on the use of terminology to develop a mutual understanding across disciplines. The glossary was developed collaboratively during a multidisciplinary meeting. We deliberately allow several definitions of terms, to reflect the confluence of disciplines in the field. This also reflects the fact not all contributors necessarily agree with all definitions in this glossary. ","PeriodicalId":93276,"journal":{"name":"Collective dynamics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74349770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 43

Characteristics of Stop and Go Wave in One Dimensional Interrupted Pedestrian Flow Through Narrow Channel 窄通道一维断续行人流中走走停停波的特征

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2019-01-28 DOI: 10.17815/CD.2018.18

H. Gayathri, Siddhartha Gulhare, A. Verma

{"title":"Characteristics of Stop and Go Wave in One Dimensional Interrupted Pedestrian Flow Through Narrow Channel","authors":"H. Gayathri, Siddhartha Gulhare, A. Verma","doi":"10.17815/CD.2018.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17815/CD.2018.18","url":null,"abstract":"Pedestrian microscopic simulation models can aid crowd management only if they can reproduce the crowd behavior correctly. To calibrate and validate the model, it is important to understand crowd movement during various activities involved in mass gathering events. A common practice in such gathering is to hold attendees in waiting area in near corridors separated by crowd barriers before the event and allow entering the event only after a designated time. The crowd is released in small batches to avoid overcrowding inside. Long waiting hours, anger, excitement, competitive feeling etc. can make crowd aggressive during such entries. Crowd flow characteristics due to such behavior is difficult to recreate in pedestrian experimental studies in laboratory setting. This paper studied interrupted flow of such crowd through a narrow corridors made of strong railing channel inside a temple. Interrupted flow lead to formation of one dimensional stop and go waves. These stop and go waves were studied from the trajectory data. The average speed of waves propagating over longer distance were also estimated. The quantitative output from this study can be used to calibrate and validate simulation models of such activity during mass gathering events.","PeriodicalId":93276,"journal":{"name":"Collective dynamics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43938156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

The influence of physical and mental constraints to a stream of people through a bottleneck 身体和精神上的制约使一群人通过瓶颈的影响

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2018-12-10 DOI: 10.17815/cd.2020.57

Paul Geoerg, Jette Schumann, M. Boltes, Stefan Holl, Anja Hofmann

引用次数: 7

Crowding and Queuing in Entrance Scenarios: Influence of Corridor Width in Front of Bottlenecks 入口场景的拥挤与排队:瓶颈前通道宽度的影响

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2018-10-17 DOI: 10.17815/CD.2020.50

Juliane Adrian, M. Boltes, Stefan Holl, A. Sieben, A. Seyfried

引用次数: 25

Experimental Study of Collective Pedestrian Dynamics 集体行人动力学实验研究

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2018-08-21 DOI: 10.17815/cd.2020.109

C. Appert-Rolland, Julien Pettr'e, A. Olivier, W. Warren, Aymeric Duigou-Majumdar, Etienne Pinsard, Alexandre Nicolas

引用次数: 12

Comparison of Pedestrian Data of Single File Movement Collected from Controlled Pedestrian Experiment and from Field in Mass Religious Gathering 受控行人实验与群众宗教集会现场行人单文件运动数据的比较

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2018-06-17 DOI: 10.17815/CD.2018.16

Siddhartha Gulhare, A. Verma, P. Chakroborty

{"title":"Comparison of Pedestrian Data of Single File Movement Collected from Controlled Pedestrian Experiment and from Field in Mass Religious Gathering","authors":"Siddhartha Gulhare, A. Verma, P. Chakroborty","doi":"10.17815/CD.2018.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17815/CD.2018.16","url":null,"abstract":"Managing and controlling crowd during mass religious gathering is a challenge for organizers. With good computational capabilities, it is possible to create tools to simulate crowd in real time to aid crowd management. These tools need to be first calibrated and validated with pedestrian empirical data. The empirical data collection from field is difficult and therefore, data collection through controlled pedestrian experiments have become a convenient substitute. However, the ability of experiment data to reproduce actual crowd behavior needs to be examined. This study compared the experiment data with field data collected from mass religious gathering named Kumbh Mela held in India, 2016. The single file movement (pedestrians moving along a single line; SFM) experiment was conducted and its results were compared with the field SFM results. The speed in the field was found to be generally higher than in the experiment for a given density. The results clearly indicate that the pedestrians in the field are motivated to achieve a purpose but participants in the experiments lack the motivation. The pedestrian dynamics of the experiment was found to be different from the field. Hence, the results of pedestrian experiments should not be extrapolated to understand panic, crowd risk situations.","PeriodicalId":93276,"journal":{"name":"Collective dynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48206084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Modeling Trajectory-level Behaviors using Time Varying Pedestrian Movement Dynamics 基于时变行人运动动力学的轨迹级行为建模

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2018-05-29 DOI: 10.17815/CD.2018.15

Aniket Bera, Sujeong Kim, Dinesh Manocha

引用次数: 4

Effects of visual information on decision making during way-finding in emergency and non-emergency situations. 紧急和非紧急情况下视觉信息对寻路决策的影响。

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2016-01-01

Gregory C Dachner, Max Kinateder

引用次数: 0