Collective dynamics最新文献

Evaluation of Data Fitting Approaches for Speed/Flow Density Relationships 速度/流量密度关系的数据拟合方法评估

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.17815/cd.2024.177

Arthur Rohaert, J. Wahlqvist, H. Najmanová, Nikolai Bode, E. Ronchi

引用次数: 0

Improving Pedestrian Dynamics Predictions Using Neighboring Factors 利用邻近因素改进行人动态预测

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.17815/cd.2024.178

Huu-Tu Dang, B. Gaudou, N. Verstaevel

引用次数: 0

Pilot Study of Mental Simulation of People Movement During Evacuations 疏散过程中人员移动的心理模拟试点研究

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.17815/cd.2024.175

Michael Kinsey, Steve Gwynne

{"title":"Pilot Study of Mental Simulation of People Movement During Evacuations","authors":"Michael Kinsey, Steve Gwynne","doi":"10.17815/cd.2024.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17815/cd.2024.175","url":null,"abstract":"Mental simulation of people movement forms a core component of pedestrian/evacuation analysis and planning, albeit one that is rarely addressed. It can be defined as the process by which a practitioner develops a narrative of how people within a built environment may move to inform a decision-making process regarding architectural or procedural design. There are a range of contexts in which a practitioner may use mental simulation. These can include assisting with identifying problems associated with architecture/procedural design and comparing with pedestrian/evacuation modelling results to suggest if these are in line with expectations.. Little research has been conducted exploring the process by which practitioners mentally simulate people movement, its efficacy, and what factors influence this process. This paper is intended to provide insights regarding this process. Results from an online survey are presented where expert practitioners where asked questions about a range of hypothetical evacuation scenarios with increasing complexity regarding what they expected the total evacuation time to be and how many people they expected to use each exit if they were simulated in a pedestrian/evacuation model. Participants were also asked how confident they were with their results. The survey data was then compared with results with evacuation model results of the same scenarios. Key findings from the study highlight that as the floor plan layout and behavioural complexity increase in a scenario, the greater the level of variation in responses between practitioners along with decreasing levels of accuracy and levels of confidence in their perceived ability for performing mental simulation of people movement. Floor plan and exit symmetry appear to influence a practitioner’s ability to mentally simulate people movement in terms of estimating evacuation times and exit usage when layouts/exit locations change.","PeriodicalId":93276,"journal":{"name":"Collective dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141343099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical and Theoretical Analysis of a New One-Dimensional Cellular Automaton Model for Bidirectional Flows 双向流动的新型一维细胞自动机模型的数值和理论分析

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.17815/cd.2024.151

Kazuya Okamoto, A. Tomoeda

引用次数: 0

Video Analytics for Understanding Pedestrian Mobility Patterns in Public Spaces: The Case of Milan 通过视频分析了解公共场所的行人流动模式：米兰案例

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.17815/cd.2024.172

Lorenzo Lorgna, Giulia Ceccarelli, Andrea Gorrini, Michele Ciavotta

引用次数: 0

Are Depth Field Cameras Preserving Anonymity? 景深相机是否能保护匿名性？

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.17815/cd.2024.176

Cecile Appert-Rolland, Sami Habet

引用次数: 0

Asymmetries in Group-Individual Collision Avoidance due to Social Factors 社会因素导致群体与个体避免碰撞的不对称

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.17815/cd.2024.150

Adrien Gregorj, Zeynep Yücel, F. Zanlungo, Takayuki Kanda

{"title":"Asymmetries in Group-Individual Collision Avoidance due to Social Factors","authors":"Adrien Gregorj, Zeynep Yücel, F. Zanlungo, Takayuki Kanda","doi":"10.17815/cd.2024.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17815/cd.2024.150","url":null,"abstract":"This research centers on analyzing frontal encounters between dyads (two-person groups) and individuals, aiming to measure each participant's role in avoiding collisions based on their deviation from their intended path. To achieve this, we establish the intended trajectory of each party by taking into account their walking direction leading up to the encounter. The largest discrepancy between this intended path and the observed path can be interpreted as the pedestrian's maximum lateral deviation.We show a noteworthy discrepancy in deviation between group members and individuals in face-to-face encounters. Furthermore, we conduct an in-depth analysis of how the intensity of interaction among group members impacts collision avoidance dynamics. Notably, the contrast in deviation between individuals and group members is most pronounced when the level of interaction within the group is high. Ultimately, our findings consistently indicate that higher levels of interaction lead to more substantial deviations in the trajectories of encountered individuals and underscore the significant role of social dynamics in influencing pedestrian behavior during frontal encounters.","PeriodicalId":93276,"journal":{"name":"Collective dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding Crowd Responses to Perceived Hostile Threats: An Innovative Multidiscplinary Approach 了解人群对敌意威胁的反应：创新的多学科方法

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.17815/cd.2024.157

Anne Templeton, M. Telga, E. Ronchi, F. Neville, Steve Reicher, John Drury

{"title":"Understanding Crowd Responses to Perceived Hostile Threats: An Innovative Multidiscplinary Approach","authors":"Anne Templeton, M. Telga, E. Ronchi, F. Neville, Steve Reicher, John Drury","doi":"10.17815/cd.2024.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17815/cd.2024.157","url":null,"abstract":"People facing threat may evacuate, help others, share information, ignore the threat and the plight of others, or enact a combination of these behaviours. Accurate conceptual models of crowd behaviours must consider why and when these behaviours occur, as well as how people's responses may vary across different scenarios. Researchers have investigated crowd responses to threats using a variety of methods, such as interviews, observational analysis and virtual reality experiments. Each methodology offers benefits to understanding collective responses to threats, but each methodology also has limitations. Importantly, very little research has explored crowd responses in false alarm situations where crowd members misperceive that a threat exists. In this paper, we describe a new programme of work which combines approaches from safety engineering and crowd psychology to gain a thorough understanding of crowd behaviour in response to real and misperceived threats, and the processes underpinning the behaviour. We focus on how we identified and addressed the similarities and differences in our research questions, conceptual approaches to research, and methodological abilities. We demonstrate how our multidisciplinary approach provides a framework for combining diverse research methods that collectively build knowledge to create more accurate models of crowd responses to (mis)perceived threats.","PeriodicalId":93276,"journal":{"name":"Collective dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141382831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of National Culture on Evacuation Response Behaviour: A Cross-Cultural Survey 国家文化对疏散应对行为的影响：跨文化调查

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.17815/cd.2024.154

Natalie van der Wal, Erica Kinkel, Elvira Van Damme, Edwin R. Galea, Michael Minkov, Frances M.T. Brazier

{"title":"The Effect of National Culture on Evacuation Response Behaviour: A Cross-Cultural Survey","authors":"Natalie van der Wal, Erica Kinkel, Elvira Van Damme, Edwin R. Galea, Michael Minkov, Frances M.T. Brazier","doi":"10.17815/cd.2024.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17815/cd.2024.154","url":null,"abstract":"Are there cultural differences and similarities in the way occupants respond to evacuation notifications? Evacuation response behaviour is characterised by the way occupants react to evacuation notifications to validate what is happening around them and prepare for evacuation movement. This study presents a cross-cultural survey based on a case study of a library evacuation to specifically explore how national culture - combined with cues and affiliation - influence evacuation response behaviour. A total of 585 adults from Czech Republic, Poland, Turkey and the United Kingdom participated in the survey. The main results show that for the three scenarios explored (1) UK participants perform significantly fewer response tasks than participants from the other countries, (2) participants from all countries first look around to see what is happening, and seek additional information as one of the first three tasks they perform, (3) Czech, Turkish and UK participants are more likely to wait for a friend/colleague in a scenario without cues than with cues. These results provide insights for safety practitioners and other stakeholders on the importance of cross-cultural research for evacuation behaviour and its inclusion in policy making and emergency preparation.","PeriodicalId":93276,"journal":{"name":"Collective dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141383307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tracer Observation of Queuing Behavior During New Year’s Visits to Shrines/Temples Using GPS Log Data 利用 GPS 日志数据追踪观察拜年时的排队行为

Collective dynamics Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.17815/cd.2024.170

Yoshikazu Minegishi

{"title":"Tracer Observation of Queuing Behavior During New Year’s Visits to Shrines/Temples Using GPS Log Data","authors":"Yoshikazu Minegishi","doi":"10.17815/cd.2024.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17815/cd.2024.170","url":null,"abstract":"Crowd behavior during customary New Year's visits to shrines/temples in Japan was investigated. During these mass gatherings, visitors form a queue along the approach to the Main Hall of the shrines/temples. The unidirectional flow of the queue as the visitors approach the Main Hall to perform rituals is managed by police. The author observed the queuing behavior of visitors by joining the procession and tracked his position over time using a GPS logger. The author also observed the surrounding geometrical features and the procedures for guiding the crowd. Control methods, such as cordons and preparation of extra queuing space, were examined based on the observational data and compared with those of building/fire evacuations. The “everyone is welcome” aspect of New Year's visits required not only cordons in front of bottlenecks such as gates, stairs, and praying areas, but also alteration of the queuing space to accommodate for expansion of the crowd size. In contrast, considering building/fire evacuations, occupancy can be estimated or controlled by ticket quantity or density. Therefore, the accumulation of evacuees at bottlenecks can be predicted and should be considered in the building design phase. Different events or facilities require distinct crowd management approaches.","PeriodicalId":93276,"journal":{"name":"Collective dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141271658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0