Breast Care最新文献

{"title":"Breast-Conserving Surgery in Multicentric Breast Cancer: Progress, Pitfalls, and Risks.","authors":"Isabell Witzel","doi":"10.1159/000552608","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552608","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9310,"journal":{"name":"Breast Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13372316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148454763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expanding the Boundaries of Breast Conservation: Oncoplastic Surgery in Multifocal and Multicentric Breast Cancer.","authors":"Mehmet Furkan Sağdıç, Mahmut Onur Kültüroğlu, Emre Tunç, Lütfi Doğan","doi":"10.1159/000552575","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The development of oncoplastic surgical techniques has reshaped the management of multifocal and multicentric breast cancers. Previously treated mainly with mastectomy due to concerns about positive margins and local recurrence, these cases can now be safely managed with breast-conserving surgery (BCS) through advances in imaging, adjuvant therapy, and surgical methods.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed the data from 2,155 patients who underwent breast cancer surgery at a tertiary surgical oncology center between October 2022 and May 2025. A total of 246 patients were identified as having multicentric or multifocal disease. While 68 patients underwent BCS, 178 received mastectomy. Demographic, radiological, histopathological, and surgical data were evaluated. Complications were categorized as minor or major, and aesthetic satisfaction was assessed using a structured questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1,253 BCS patients, 5.4% (<i>n</i> = 68) had multifocal or multicentric disease. The median age was 55 years. Negative surgical margins were achieved in 90% of patients during the initial surgery. Re-excision was performed in 5 patients (7.4%), and completion mastectomy was required in 2 patients (2.9%). The overall complication rate was 19%, with reoperation due to complications required in only one patient (1.5%). Of 46 patients evaluated, 90% rated their aesthetic outcome as \"excellent\" or \"good.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Oncoplastic BCS is a safe and effective option for well-selected patients with multifocal or multicentric breast cancer. With modern imaging, multidisciplinary evaluation, and experienced surgical teams, high rates of negative margins and satisfactory cosmetic outcomes can be achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":9310,"journal":{"name":"Breast Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13372318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148454720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Synchronous B3 Lesions on Clinicopathological Data and Prognosis in Patients with Breast Cancer.","authors":"Eray Balci, Ersin Turan, Hande Koksal","doi":"10.1159/000552454","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast cancer is a significant disease as it is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women. The factors affecting the prognosis of breast cancer are receiving considerable attention. Although lesions with uncertain malignant potential (B3 lesions) show benign histological characteristics, they are associated with an increased risk of malignancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 296 patients who underwent surgery and were followed up with a diagnosis of breast cancer in our clinic. The patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of at least one pathologically confirmed B3 lesion in the surgical specimen. The demographic characteristics and clinicopathological data of the patients were recorded, and the effect of B3 lesions on prognosis was examined. Recurrence and metastasis dates were examined to evaluate disease-free survival and overall prognosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was observed that patients with breast cancer who had accompanying B3 lesions were diagnosed at an earlier stage and had better survival rates than those without these lesions. The survival and disease-free survival rates of patients with lobular neoplasia accompanying invasive lobular carcinoma were better compared to those without this condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, breast cancer patients with concomitant B3 lesions were diagnosed at earlier stages, and the presence of B3 lesions in early-stage disease was associated with improved prognosis. This may be explained by earlier clinical presentation due to symptoms related to B3 lesions or by more frequent imaging surveillance prompted by their detection. Another possible explanation is that cancers associated with B3 lesions may exhibit more favorable tumor biology and prognostic features.</p>","PeriodicalId":9310,"journal":{"name":"Breast Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13372315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148454793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Staging Investigations in HER2-Low, Low-Risk Patients.","authors":"Lisa Jung, Markus Medl, Hannes Endres, Dorothee Jakob, Claudia Neubauer, Carolin Müller, Ingolf Juhasz-Böss, Sarah Isabelle Huwer","doi":"10.1159/000552309","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Staging examinations have historically not been standard practice in low-risk early breast cancer (EBC). This study aimed to assess the frequency, modalities, and clinical implications of staging diagnostics in this population, including the incidence of additional imaging, false-positive findings, and metastatic rates, with a comparative focus on HER2-low subgroups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective single-center cohort study included all patients diagnosed with low-risk EBC at the University Medical Center Freiburg between 2017 and 2023. Low-risk criteria comprised clinical stage T1/2, node-negative (N0), hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-low (IHC 1+/2+ with negative FISH) or HER2-negative (IHC 0) status, and asymptomatic presentation. Demographic, clinicopathological, and staging data were analyzed, including modalities and frequency of staging diagnostics, incidence of subsequent imaging/biopsies triggered by indeterminate findings, false-positive rates, and metastatic outcomes. HER2 status was classified as: HER2-low: IHC 1+ or 2+ with FISH-negative and HER2-negative: IHC 0 without membrane staining. Comparative analyses examined how metastatic rates and the use of staging procedures differed between the HER2-low subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the included patients, 158 (43.5%) had a HER2 IHC 0, 153 (42.2%) had a HER2 IHC 1+, and 52 (14.3%) had a HER2 IHC 2+ with a negative FISH test. The overall risk of distant metastases was 0.8%. Among patients with a HER2 IHC 1+, the metastasis rate was 1 (0.7%); in the HER2 IHC 2+ group, no metastases were observed (0.0%); and in the HER2 IHC 0 group, the metastasis rate was 2 (1.3%) (<i>p</i> = 0.65). A total of 205 patients with confirmed HER2-low status (IHC 1+ or 2+ with negative FISH) were further analyzed regarding staging procedures and follow-up examinations. Due to suspicious findings during initial staging, additional imaging was required in 30 cases (6.4%). In total, 466 staging tests were performed in the HER2-low cohort, resulting in 40 (9.1%) follow-up examinations. Metastases were confirmed in 3 patients (0.8%) following these additional investigations, corresponding to a positive predictive rate of 6.4% in this group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Distant metastases are rare in HER2-low EBC. Overall, staging tests should not be routinely performed in this patient population. This study found no significant difference in the rate of metastasis between patients with a HER2 IHC 0 and those with a HER2-low status.</p>","PeriodicalId":9310,"journal":{"name":"Breast Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13349387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-Generation CDK Inhibitors in Breast Cancer: Expanding the Therapeutic Landscape beyond CDK4/6 Inhibitors.","authors":"Jiayi Wu, Yinglu Lai, Guang Lu","doi":"10.1159/000551834","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer has catalyzed the exploration of other cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) as therapeutic targets. Numerous CDK family members are aberrantly activated in breast cancer, driving disease progression via both cell cycle-dependent and independent mechanisms, while unmet clinical needs persist in overcoming therapy resistance and treating aggressive subtypes.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review synthesizes current knowledge on the pathological roles of key CDKs (CDK 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 12) in breast cancer, emphasizing their functions in promoting proliferation, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy, anti-HER2 agents, and CDK4/6 inhibitors. We provide a systematic update on the development and clinical trial progress of novel CDK inhibitors targeting these resistance mechanisms and examine innovative applications including combinations with immunotherapies and rational design of CDK inhibitor-based antibody-drug conjugates.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Targeting a broader spectrum of CDKs represents a viable and promising strategy to address unmet clinical needs in breast cancer. The expanding landscape of CDK-targeted therapies - both as single agents and rational combinations - is poised to significantly reshape future treatment paradigms, particularly for overcoming therapy resistance and managing aggressive subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9310,"journal":{"name":"Breast Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13331522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148389759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and Oncologic Outcomes of Breast-Conserving Surgery for Multifocal and Multicentric Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Comparative Cohort Study.","authors":"Brian Gelblung, Diana Montoya, Eduardo Beccar Varela, Julia Barber, Brian Morris, Belen Rodriguez Del Busto, Eunice Spengler, Pamela Garcia Suarez, Victoria Pousa, Federico Piñero, Ignacio McLean","doi":"10.1159/000551862","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is traditionally avoided in multifocal or multicentric (MF/MC) breast cancer due to concerns about oncologic outcomes. Recent evidence suggests BCS may be feasible in selected cases. This study compared outcomes of BCS in MF/MC versus unifocal (UF) breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort included women with stage I-II breast cancer treated with BCS at a single institution in Argentina (2000-2023). Patients with prior neoadjuvant chemotherapy, pathogenic germline mutations, or extensive nodal disease were excluded. Outcomes were locoregional recurrence (LRR), distant recurrence (MTS), and overall survival (OS), analyzed with Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,188 patients undergoing BCS, 91 (7.7%) had MF/MC and 1,097 (92.3%) UF tumors. Median follow-up was 4.9 years. The 5-year cumulative probability of LRR was 3.8% overall; 3.3% in MF/MC; and 5.9% in UF patients (HR 1.04, 95% CI: 0.33-3.33; <i>p</i> = 0.94). Distant recurrence occurred in 3.3% of MF/MC and 4.8% of UF cases (HR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.36-3.73; <i>p</i> = 0.80). Five-year OS was 98.6% in MF/MC and 97.3% in UF patients (HR 1.25, 95% CI: 0.30-5.20; <i>p</i> = 0.76).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this large single-institution cohort, BCS achieved comparable oncologic outcomes in MF/MC and UF breast cancer, supporting its feasibility in appropriately selected patients. These results provide real-world evidence from South America and highlight the need for prospective studies to refine patient selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9310,"journal":{"name":"Breast Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13313718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Disparities in Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy for Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of the SEER Database.","authors":"Rashad Ismayilov, Arzu Oguz, Zafer Akcali, Ozden Altundag, Kadri Altundag","doi":"10.1159/000552046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000552046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, and its management has historically been extrapolated from data on female breast cancer. Evidence regarding the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy in men and possible gender-based differences in treatment response remains limited. This study aimed to compare neoadjuvant therapy efficacy between men and women using a large, population-based database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2010-2022) were analyzed. Patients with early-stage breast cancer who received neoadjuvant therapy were identified. Propensity score matching (PSM, 1:4 ratio) was performed to balance demographic and clinicopathological variables between male and female patients. Objective response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS) were compared using χ² tests and Kaplan-Meier analyses, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 55,549 eligible patients, 224 were male and 55,325 were female. After PSM, baseline characteristics were well balanced. Male patients demonstrated a significantly lower ORR compared with female patients (82.1% vs. 87.7%, <i>p</i> = 0.028), with the greatest disparity observed in the HER2-positive subgroup (84.2% vs. 94.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.003). However, among patients who achieved an objective response, OS did not differ significantly between genders (median OS 137 months vs. not reached, <i>p</i> = 0.228).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Men with early-stage breast cancer exhibit lower responsiveness to neoadjuvant therapy than women, particularly in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) disease. However, survival equivalence among responders underscores the continued value of neoadjuvant therapy in MBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9310,"journal":{"name":"Breast Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148315752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Importance of Continued Vigilance after Risk-Reducing Mastectomy in BRCA Carriers: A Case Report.","authors":"Chiara Della Pepa, Gemma Caliendo, Alessia Mignano, Marialaura Zitiello, Maria Teresa Vietri","doi":"10.1159/000551314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000551314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) is safe and effective in preventing breast cancer (BC) in BRCA mutation carriers. Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) has become the new standard due to better esthetic result and comparable efficacy profile. After RRM, the risk of developing BC still exists though hardly quantifiable due to few data in literature.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We describe the case of a 70-year-old woman who was found to harbor a BRCA2 mutation after diagnosis of ovarian cancer (OC) in her sister, underwent prophylactic surgery for BC and OC, as per international guidelines, and 4 years after was diagnosed with BC, metastatic to the ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the importance of going on with active surveillance after RRM and the need of developing dedicated protocols about follow-up and breast imaging for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9310,"journal":{"name":"Breast Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13278744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: A Common Challenge among Nigerian Breast Cancer Survivors.","authors":"Olalekan Olasehinde, Funmilola Wuraola, Matteo Di Bernardo, Gregory Knapp, Adewale Aderounmu, Adeleye Omisore, Ayodeji Oladele, Mercy Omotola Awe, Tajudeen Mohammed, Anya Romanoff, T Peter Kingham, Victoria Mango, Adewale Adisa, Olusegun Alatise","doi":"10.1159/000547583","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lymphedema is one of the most prevalent yet under-recognized complication of breast cancer treatment, with its prevalence largely unexplored in Nigeria and across much of sub-Saharan Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among breast cancer survivors at least 6 months post-mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection. Lymphedema was diagnosed using multiple methods: patient-reported arm swelling, arm measurements (≥2 cm difference compared to the contralateral arm), a >10% difference in extracellular water (ECW) using bioimpedance analysis, and a lower threshold of 5% to capture subclinical lymphedema. Using patient report as the gold standard, the accuracy of the various diagnostic methods was assessed. The relationship between clinical variables and lymphedema was tested using univariate logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-one patients with a median age of 51 years and a median duration of 40 months post-surgery (10-62 months) were evaluated. The prevalence of lymphedema was 39.2% based on symptoms, 33% using arm measurements, 22.2% using bioimpedance analysis at a threshold of >10% difference in ECW, and 46.7% at a threshold of 5%. An ECW difference of >5% had the highest sensitivity (65%), while an ECW difference at 10% threshold had the best specificity (89%). Obesity was the only clinical variable associated with lymphedema in this cohort (<i>p</i> = 0.018).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) appears common among Nigerian breast cancer patients. Its occurrence should be preempted, particularly in obese patients in whom preventive measures may be instituted. These findings highlight the potential value of incorporating BCRL awareness and management into breast cancer care in Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":9310,"journal":{"name":"Breast Care","volume":" ","pages":"83-90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145249799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Breast Cancer Patients by Race and Ethnicity.","authors":"Ruchi Singhal, Zhanna Galochkina, Karen Daily","doi":"10.1159/000547910","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast cancer is one of the most common diagnosed cancers among women in the USA. Many different factors can influence a patient's outcome with breast cancer. This study aimed to understand the differences in mortality among different racial and ethnic groups, in particular, the differences in mortality in minority racial and ethnic groups (such as Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The racial and ethnic groups included non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic American Indian/American Native, non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander, and Hispanic. Data collected from the National Cancer Database were analyzed, including close to 2 million patients. Among all the cohorts, time to diagnosis/treatment, use of chemotherapy/antihormone therapy, stage, grade, and lymph node status were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A higher stage and positive lymph nodes at diagnosis were associated with a higher risk of mortality. In contrast, the use of chemotherapy and antihormone therapy was associated with reduced risk of mortality. Non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander had the highest 10-year survival. Non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander women had a 32% less risk of mortality from any cause than non-Hispanic White women. Data showed that Non-Hispanic Black women had a higher risk of mortality from any cause than the non-Hispanic White women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among all of the patients represented in the dataset, the mortality varied by race and ethnicity. The stage, time to treatment, and use of chemotherapy and/or antihormone therapy influenced mortality. The differences in mortality by race and ethnicity suggest opportunities for research to further evaluate socioeconomic factors that could possibly influence cancer prognosis and survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":9310,"journal":{"name":"Breast Care","volume":" ","pages":"91-101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12618039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145539097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}