Forensic science & addiction research最新文献

{"title":"Forensic Identification of Fake & Genuine Saffron (Kesar) from Local Market of Greater Noida","authors":"M. S. Sankhla","doi":"10.31031/FSAR.2019.05.000615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/FSAR.2019.05.000615","url":null,"abstract":"Saffron (Kesar) is one of the most expensive spices used all over the world. Having various properties, it is also used in herbal and traditional medicine. Because of its medicinal properties it is vastly in demand and so it became frequent object to being adulterated and faked. It is derived from the dried stigma of Crocus sativus flowers. This is rare and endangered plant that is the reason to fake saffron in local markets. The research study on forensically identification of the saffron by Chemical methods, microscopic and UV-Visible Spectrophotometry instrument are used were performed on the saffron samples to explore rapid authenticity testing of genuine saffron. Saffron being adulterated by treating with colors and chemicals to give it genuine look and smell, which can cause toxicity (Figure 1).","PeriodicalId":93001,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science & addiction research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46298813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Conflict in East Ukraine: A Growing Need for Addiction Research and Substance Use Intervention for Vulnerable Populations.","authors":"Sonny S Patel,&nbsp;Oleksandr Zvinchuk,&nbsp;Timothy B Erickson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Security and trauma challenges in Ukraine have been constantly evolving since the 2014 Russian military incursion of Crimea and War in Donbass. One long-term consequence of the conflict in East Ukraine is the toll of substance and alcohol use and addictions that may have been triggered by the conflict among the veterans, internally displaced peoples, and civilian survivors. Further funding and research on substance and alcohol addiction with these vulnerable populations affected by the ongoing Ukrainian conflict should be examined. Are people from fragile states and conflict zones more susceptible to co-morbidity with substance abuse and addiction?</p>","PeriodicalId":93001,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science & addiction research","volume":"5 3","pages":"406-408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7194209/pdf/nihms-1580952.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37896478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Alarm at the Gate: Is Anyone Listening? Marijuana Use during Pregnancy from the Lens of a Therapist","authors":"C. R. King","doi":"10.31031/fsar.2019.05.000614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/fsar.2019.05.000614","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of substance abuse during pregnancy has sparked debates and the topic has plagued society for many years. I have been practicing in the area of prenatal and postnatal drug counseling in the state of Louisiana for the past 20 years. There has been a growing concern about the spike in infants born exposed to drugs or alcohol in the past decade. Based on my practice observation, the complexity of this issue has become more detrimental in the last eight years. The accurate identification of prenatal drug exposure is important not only to understand the nature and magnitude of the problem, but also to determine appropriate medical and psychosocial intervention. The prevalence of prenatal drug exposure is very difficult to estimate because of flaws in all methods of identification [1]. According to the Louisiana Department of Children and Family Services report, the number of infants exposed to drugs or alcohol before birth has tripled in Louisiana from 2008 to 2016. It was reported that 569 newborns were delivered in 2008 with drugs or alcohol in their systems at birth and that number jumped to 1,659 in the year of 2016 [2]. The public is aware of the opioid crisis that exists but in my practice most of the cases has been marijuana exposed newborns.","PeriodicalId":93001,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science & addiction research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49177682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alexithymia and Addiction","authors":"S. Chaudhury","doi":"10.31031/fsar.2019.05.000613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/fsar.2019.05.000613","url":null,"abstract":"Alexithymia was first described by Sifneos [1] as difficulty identifying and communicating feelings, differentiating feelings and somatic sensations of emotional arousal, a diminution of fantasy and imagination and an externally oriented cognitive style [2]. Studies have found that alexithymia is present across 18 different ethnic and racial groups [3]. Alexithymia is seen in around 6 and 10% in the general population [4-5]. However, when compared to non-addicted individuals, those with substance-use disorders more frequently exhibit alexithymia [6]. In patients with alcohol-use disorders percentages typically range from 45 to 67% [7]. Alexithymia can also be seen in people with a family history of alcoholism [8]. Some evidence suggests that alexithymia may have an adverse impact on the treatment of alcohol use disorders [9,10] and given the substantial cost of such disorders worldwide [11] this relationship warrants closer attention. Alexithymia is also commonly found in patients who are undergoing treatment for another drug abuse [12].","PeriodicalId":93001,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science & addiction research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46732926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forensic Application of DNA Methylation in Age- Prediction","authors":"A. Althagafi, M. Algahtani, Abdurahman Theyab","doi":"10.31031/FSAR.2019.05.000612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/FSAR.2019.05.000612","url":null,"abstract":"DNA methylation defined as the addition of methyl group to the 5’ cytosine of CG dinucleotide (CpGs). As CpG sites across wide range of aging research found to be highly associated with age, multiple age predictive models using DNA methylation at CpG site have been made. DNA methylation considered the most accurate method for age prediction [1]. Variable DNA methylation can be determined by cell differentiation, aging as well as environmental exposure. The established DNA methylation pattern during early years of development are maintained and remain relatively stable throughout life, decrease or increase in different loci [2]. Age-related methylation changes throughout the life of an individual concluded in two phenomena: the epigenetic clock and epigenetic drift. Epigenetic in general is defined as the modification of DNA and DNA packaging without any change in DNA sequence. Epigenetic clock is the age associated DNA methylation changes that are common across individuals of the same age. However, epigenetic drift is the accumulation of small changes or errors that is determined by the environment in which the person ages and it influences [3,4]. In epigenetic more specific age-associated DNA methylation changes at certain loci or genes were easier to be detected by the emergence of microarray and massive parallel sequencing technologies (MPS). Although age prediction using DNA methylation is not quite parallel to the chronological age [4]. DNA methylation measures at multiple CpG sites provide close prediction of a chronological age, with a narrow range that varies and specify the accuracy of each method introduced. Thereby, choosing the most appropriate analytical method for forensic application is more difficult than in clinical application. This review will improve the understandings about DNA methylation markers and their potential to be used as biomarkers in the forensic field, with a future plan to apply the previously identified markers on different tissues and test accuracy as well as identify more DNA methylation markers for various tissues, blood and semen.","PeriodicalId":93001,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science & addiction research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45602496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Naloxone is Too Little, Too Late by the Numbers","authors":"L. Labay, Jolene J Bierly, C. Catanese, Carol M. Smith","doi":"10.31031/FSAR.2019.05.000611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/FSAR.2019.05.000611","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93001,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science & addiction research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42828667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"You Will Hate Your Neighbor","authors":"Jesús Dueñas Becerra","doi":"10.31031/fsar.2019.05.000610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/fsar.2019.05.000610","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93001,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science & addiction research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41731522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altering Drug Scenario in a Developing Society: A Review","authors":"Sharma Hk","doi":"10.31031/FSAR.2019.05.000609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/FSAR.2019.05.000609","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93001,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science & addiction research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49284106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DSM Controversies, Defining the Normal and the Paraphilia: Sexual Pleasure Objects, Fantasy, Variations, Soft-BDSM, ESR, Hypersexuality, Sex Addiction and Nymphomania","authors":"H. ÜmitSayın","doi":"10.31031/FSAR.2019.05.000608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/FSAR.2019.05.000608","url":null,"abstract":"In sexuality research and sex therapy, it is generally very difficult to define “the normal” and to differentiate variations, mild and harmless fantasies, sexual games and fantasy role play from paraphilia. In DSM classifications, there are still dilemmas, misinterpretations, contradictions and controversies to define paraphilias and what pathology is and what is not. There are new definitions and terminology in sexuality research, such as “Expanded Sexual Response” (ESR), “status orgasmus” “Never Ending Orgasms (Super Orgasms)”, “Deep Vaginal Erogenous Zones” (DVZ),”Sexual Pleasure Objects” (SEPOs), “Hypersexuality” “Non-genital orgasms” and “soft-non-pathological BDSM” etc. In this review novel definitions of some new notions are given and it is discussed why those sexual behaviors cannot be regarded as a pathology or paraphilia, such as “Hypersexuality” and soft-BDSM; a unified definition of paraphilias is proposed. Sometimes, ESR women are often confused with pathological hypersexuality. ESR is defined as: “being able to attain long lasting and/or prolonged and/or multiple and/or sustained orgasms and/or status orgasmus that lasted longer and more intense than the classical orgasm patterns defined in the literature”. Lately a research performed in United Kingdom revealed that the research team had discovered more than 500 women who were having more than 30 to 50 orgasms in one or two hours (see: You Tube, “Never Ending Orgasm” documentary). We have concluded in many publications that during an ESR orgasm and status orgasmus, some women can have trains of tens of orgasms in a given love making session. Women can be trained to achieve ESR orgasms and it is a learned phenomenon. Although defined recently in medical literature, the notion of ESR is as old as history, starting from the Dionysus Cult Era and Far Eastern sexual traditions descending from Early Ages and Tantra and Taoist cultures. At the turn of 21st Century, Female Orgasm is still a mystery and we only know the tip of the Orgasmic Iceberg of Females.","PeriodicalId":93001,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science & addiction research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47655480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychotherapy: The Good, the Bad, and the Future","authors":"K. Klostermann, T. Mignone","doi":"10.31031/FSAR.2019.05.000607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/FSAR.2019.05.000607","url":null,"abstract":"The Good. Psychotherapy works-the results of outcome studies conducted over the past 75 years reveal that individuals treated are better off compared to people on waitlists or not receiving treatment [1]. In fact, the effect size of therapy (.08) is on par or better than many medical interventions (Acute MI, CHF, Graves Hyperthyroidism, medication treated erectile dysfunction, stages II and III breast cancer, cataract surgery, acute stroke, etc. Psychotherapy is also cost-effective; results of studies reveal that participation in therapy results in reductions in inpatient stays, consultations with primary-care physicians, use of medications, care provided by relatives, and general health care expenditures by 60% to 90% [2,3].","PeriodicalId":93001,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science & addiction research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45660156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}