Nanoscale最新文献

{"title":"2D Material-Based Memristors for Low Energy Consumption Artificial Synapses for Neuromorphic Responses","authors":"Rajwali Khan, Naveed Ur Rahman, Sujith Kalluri, Sundaravadivel Elumalai, Saritha Appukkuttan, Muhammad Fakhar E Alam, Muhammad Ikram, Sherzod Shukhratovich Abdullaev, Nasir Rahman, Sambasivam Sangaraju","doi":"10.1039/d5nr01509j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr01509j","url":null,"abstract":"The potential of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), especially molybdenum telluride (MoTe₂), in sophisticated electrical and low-energy neuromorphic applications, has attracted a lot of interest. The creation, characteristics, and uses of MoTe₂-based memristive devices are summarized in this review paper, with an emphasis on their potential as artificial synapses for neuromorphic computing. We thoroughly examine the special properties of MoTe₂, such as its remarkable resistance switching response, excellent linearity in synaptic potentiation, and customizable phase states. These characteristics make it possible to implement basic computational functions with minimal energy consumption, including decimal arithmetic operations and the commutative principles of addition and multiplication. In addition to simulating intricate synaptic processes such as long-term potentiation (LTP), long-term depression (LTD), and spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), the article emphasizes experimental performances of MoTe₂ memristors, which include their capacity to execute exact decimal arithmetic operations. The demonstration of centimeter-scale 2D MoTe₂ film-based memristor arrays attaining over 90% recognition accuracy in handwritten digit identification tests further demonstrates the devices great scalability, stability, and incorporation capabilities. Notwithstanding these developments, issues such poor environmental robustness, phase transition sensitivity, and low thermal stability still exist. The creation of hybrid or composite materials, doping, and structural alteration are some of the methods to get beyond these obstacles that are covered in the paper. The need for scalable, economical synthesis techniques and a better comprehension of the materials mechanical, optical, and electrical properties through modeling and experiments are emphasized.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CeO₂ and Mn₃O₄-based nanozymes exhibit scavenging of singlet oxygen species and hydroxyl radicals","authors":"Krishnendu M.R., Divya Mehta, Sanjay Singh","doi":"10.1039/d5nr00430f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr00430f","url":null,"abstract":"Singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radicals are highly reactive species that contribute significantly to the oxidative stress-related pathologies. Herein, we report the effective scavenging of 1O2 and •OH by CeO₂ and Mn₃O₄-based nanozymes and compare with the well-known scavengers of these radicals. The IC50 values of scavenging of •OH by nanozymes was compared with NAC, which was in the order of Mn3O4 [2.3 µM] < CeO2 [5.4 µM] < NAC [28.4 µM]. Similarly, the IC50 values for 1O2 scavenging was observed as Mn3O4 [4.75 µM] < Sodium Azide [60.5 µM] < CeO2 [857.27 µM]. The cell viability assays, ROS generation studies and cell cycle analysis revealed that these nanozymes (1µg/mL) are biocompatible to the mammalian cells.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bi2Se3/PtSe2 heterostructure ultra-broadband UV-to-THz negative photoconductive photodetectors with wide-temperature-range operation","authors":"Tianyu Shu, Chao Tan, Guohua Hu, Siyuan Luo, Zegao Wang","doi":"10.1039/d5nr00822k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr00822k","url":null,"abstract":"Ultra-broadband photodetectors have important applications in biomedical imaging, environmental monitoring, optical communication, and space exploration, etc. The need for wide temperature range adaptation in extreme environments (e.g., infrared guidance, space exploration) is particularly urgent. However, existing technologies face the following bottlenecks: first, traditional semiconductor detectors are limited to a single spectral response, ultra-wideband detection requires multi-device integration, and in the terahertz band there is a physical limitation of the mismatch between the photon energy and the material bandgap. Second, carrier scattering at high temperatures leads to a sudden drop in mobility and degradation of the optical response. Finally, the development of devices based on the negative photoconductivity effect is still in the exploratory stage, which limits the engineering applications. In this study, we have innovatively integrated photothermoelectric effect (PTE), joule thermal effect (JHE) and photoinduced bolometric effect (PBE) multi-physics mechanisms by constructing Bi2Se3-PtSe2 heterojunction, which realizes broad-spectrum UV-Terahertz (405 nm-0.1 THz) detection and stable operation in a wide temperature region of 183-501 K. Under zero bias, the device exhibits a self-powered positive optical response in the 405-1550 nm band based on the photothermoelectric effect. When bias voltage is applied, the negative photoconductive response is triggered by the synergistic Joule heating and optical radiothermal effect, with peak responsivity (R) of 44.45-83.6 A/W, specific detection rate (D*) of up to 4.63×107 Jones, and noise equivalent power (NEP) as low as 1.37×10-13 W/Hz1/2. Temperature characterization tests show that R/D*/NEP is optimized to 78.19 A/W/5.75×107 Jones/1.09×10-13 W/Hz1/2 under 1550nm illumination and 183K. Even at 501K, the device maintains 11.24 A/W responsivity and 7.9×106 Jones detection sensitivity. The present work breaks through the limitations of the traditional negative photoconductivity effect in terms of detection bandwidth and temperature stability through a multi-mechanism synergistic strategy, providing a theoretical basis and technical path for the design of a new generation of broad-spectrum photodetectors.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure Prediction for Nanoscale Magic-Size CdSe Clusters from a New Efficient Structure-Searching Strategy","authors":"Gaolu Zhang, Xin Wang, Dingguo Xu","doi":"10.1039/d5nr00267b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr00267b","url":null,"abstract":"Magic-size clusters (MSCs), as crucial intermediates or by-products in quantum dot (QD) synthesis, have attracted significant attention due to their unique absorption peaks and high stability. However, the lack of single-crystal MSCs hinders a comprehensive understanding of their structures. In this study, we focus on structural searching and predictions for typical (CdSe)n (n = 13, 19, 33, 34) MSCs. We develop an efficient structure-searching workflow that integrates Ab Initio Random Structure Searching (AIRSS), the semiempirical extended tight binding (xTB) method, and density functional theory (DFT). Our results reveal that the lowest energy isomers of these four (CdSe)n clusters adopt a core@cage topology, differing from previously reported studies. Notably, the newly predicted stable structure of (CdSe)34 features an adamantane-type Cd4Se6 core, which is identified for (CdSe)n clusters for the first time. This efficient structure-searching strategy yields numerous novel and more stable structures for larger-sized CdSe MSCs. It is our hope to provide insights into their structures and potential transformation mechanisms from smaller to larger size MSCs.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Néel and Brownian relaxations on dynamic magnetization empirically characterized in single-core and multicore structures of magnetic nanoparticles","authors":"Haruki Goto, Masato Futagawa, Yasushi Takemura, Satoshi Ota","doi":"10.1039/d5nr00722d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr00722d","url":null,"abstract":"This study takes a novel approach to understanding the diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy for cancer theranostics using magnetic nanoparticles. We focus on parameters influencing dynamic magnetization response, such as particle core size and magnetic anisotropy. Our experimental investigation of the relationship between magnetic relaxation and these particle parameters provides fresh insights for developing biomedical applications. The magnetic relaxation time was estimated from the magnetic relaxation process measured by applying a pulsed magnetic field over a wide time range of 20 ns–200 ms. Magnetic nanoparticles of the single-core and multicore structures in viscous fluid and solid conditions were measured to evaluate the Néel and Brownian relaxations, respectively, associated with the magnetization and physical particle rotations. We observed distinct magnetization response associated with the complex magnetic relaxation mechanisms, which challengs concept to describe using the conventional theory of the effective relaxation time. Moreover, we clarified the relationship between the effective magnetic anisotropy energy and attempt time controling the magnetization dynamics dependent on the particle structures. Our novel measurement technique and investigation of the magnetic relaxation time significantly optimize the material design and determine magnetic field conditions for biomedical applications, particularly in cancer theranostics using magnetic nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tri-spectral decoupled programmable thermal emitter for multimode camouflage with heterogeneous phase-change integration","authors":"Sihong Zhou, Shikui Dong, Jiameng Song, Yong Shuai, Guangwei Hu, Yanming Guo","doi":"10.1039/d5nr00385g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr00385g","url":null,"abstract":"The camouflage technology requires tailoring the wave characteristics of objects against the possible detections. Currently, there are three essential spectra, i.e. 0.36-0.83 μm visible, 3-5 μm, and 8-14 μm, corresponding to the commonly used visible camera and thermal detectors. To confront these, we here present the efficient design and optimizations of a tri-spectra decoupled thermal emitters using the heterogeneous integrated phase change materials (PCM) multilayer, composed of vanadium dioxide (VO2) and In3SbTe2 (IST). This thermal emitter theoretically can feature both structural colors across the visible range and independently programmable emissivity modulation with up to 80% absolute tuning range in two infrared detection regions. Additionally, two confusing and deceptive colored thermal camouflage methods are proposed based on this thermal emitter, enhancing the camouflage disorientation capabilities and enabling the generation of deceptive infrared images that mimic other objects. This work offers a near-perfect solution with flexible designs for camouflage in complex environments.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrophilic Ni3S2-MoN heterostructure on Ni foam (Ni3S2-MoN/NF) as an electrocatalyst for enhanced hydrogen evolution","authors":"Yeji Choi, Jae Young Kim, Hyung-Kyu Lim, Duck Hyun Youn","doi":"10.1039/d5nr01260k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr01260k","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Ni3S2-MoN heterostructure was directly synthesized on Ni foam support (Ni3S2-MoN/NF) through a facile one-step annealing process, using MoCl5 and thiourea at 450 °C under an N2 gas flow. The synthesized Ni3S2-MoN/NF catalyst achieved exceptional hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity, with low overpotential values of 154.3 mV (η50) at 50 mAcm−2 and 186.3 mV (η100) at 100 mAcm−2 in 1.0 M KOH. The enhanced HER performance was attributed to the synergistic effect between the highly active Ni3S2-MoN heterostructure and the NF support, which offers a large surface area and excellent electrical conductivity. Density functional thoery (DFT) calculations reveal that MoN strongly adsorb H2O and OH, facilitating water dissociation. Additionally, MoN was found to induce structural modifications in Ni3S2, enhancing the hydrogen binding energy and thereby improving HER activity. Furthermore, the inherently hydrophobic Ni3S2 surface was transformed into a hydrophilic Ni3S2-MoN surface, further enhancing HER activity. In a 24 h stability test at 100 mAcm-2, the HER activity of Ni3S2-MoN/NF improved, due to the partial conversion of Ni3S2 into amorphous Ni(OH)2 species, resulting in a reduction of overpotential by 30 mV (η50 = 125.5 and η100 = 158.2 mV). This simple and economical synthesis method highlights the potential of Ni₃S₂-MoN/NF as a promising catalyst for HER with high activity and stability.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanophotonics of mid-infrared plasmon-polaritons in interfaces between metals and two-dimensional crystals","authors":"Flávio Henrique Feres, Ingrid David Barcelos, Dario bahamon, João Eduardo Levandoski, Andrea Mancini, Thiago Miguel dos Santos, Rafael Alves Mayer, Davi Henrique S. de Camargo, Carlos C. B. Bufon, Adrian Cernescu, Stefan Alexander Maier, Raul de Oliveira Freitas, Francisco Carlos Barbosa Maia","doi":"10.1039/d4nr04543b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr04543b","url":null,"abstract":"The optical response of metal/dielectric interfaces is largely influenced by surface plasmon-polariton (SPP) modes. In the mid-infrared (IR) range, SPPs can probe inner physicochemical properties of metal/dielectric systems, including interfaces with mid-IR polaritonic 2D crystals. Using advanced nanoscopy techniques, we characterize mid-IR SPP modes in air/gold and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) 2D crystal/gold interfaces via synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy (SINS) and scattering-scanning near fied optical microscopy (s-SNOM) imaging. SPPs in these systems show micrometer-sized wavelengths and propagation lengths over 20 micrometers at room temperature. In hBN/Au, both SPPs and hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) coexist, creating a SPP-HPhP wave superposition. The experimental momentum and damping of the SPP waves are determined from the s-SNOM imaging and the SINS spatio-spectral linescan. Thereby, we retrieve the experimental frequency-momentum dispersion relation, presenting excellent agreement with theory. Furthermore, we characterize an anti-crossing of the SPP dispersion near the in-plane transverse optical phonon frequency of hBN, indicating that SPP modes and phonon form a coupled system interacting in the strong coupling regime. Such kind of interaction with phonons can be further explored to enhance the sensibility of mid-IR nanospectroscopy techniques.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of titanium phosphide by thermal ALD based on a novel phosphorous precursor","authors":"Raul Zazpe, Jaroslav Charvot, Jhonatan Rodriguez-Pereira, Ludek Hromadko, Michal Kurka, Kaushik Baishya, Hanna Sopha, Filip Bureš, Jan M. Macak","doi":"10.1039/d5nr00457h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr00457h","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, we present for the first time the synthesis of Titanium Phosphide (TixPy) by thermal ALD based on the use of in-house synthesized Tris(trimethyltin)phosphide (TMT3P) combined with Titanium Tetrachloride (TiCl4) as the P- and Ti-precursor, respectively. The deposition process demonstrated followed ALD principles and revealed an ALD window between 175 °C and 225 °C. The TixPy thin films grown on substrates of different nature were characterized by several techniques, showing granular surface and electrical resistivities of the order of hundreds of Ohms. The effect of different ALD parameters such as, deposition temperature, dosing time of both precursors, and the type of substrate on the chemical composition was extensively assessed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Interestingly, the results yielded the deposition of P-rich Titanium Phosphide and showed that its chemical composition depends on the deposition temperature and the type of substrate. Based on XPS results, a tentative description of the TixPy growth as a function of the number of ALD cycles was provided.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary electron dynamics in core–shell–satellite nanoparticles: a computational strategy for targeted cancer treatment","authors":"Nikita Sergeevich Markin, Ivan Sergeevich Gordeev, Hong En Fu, Sergey Igorevich Ivannikov, Yeon Beom Kim, Alexey Yurievich Samardak, Alexander Sergeevich Samardak, Young Keun Kim, Alexey Vyacheslavovich Ognev","doi":"10.1039/d5nr00270b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr00270b","url":null,"abstract":"As the global incidence of cancer escalates, there exists an urgent necessity for innovative therapeutic modalities. While radiation therapy is indispensable in oncology, it faces significant challenges in achieving an optimal equilibrium between tumour ablation and the preservation of surrounding healthy tissues. Noteworthy advancements such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) have enhanced the precision of treatment; however, their efficacy is still constrained by the accuracy of tumour delineation. The utilization of radiosensitizers, with a particular emphasis on metal nanoparticles, presents a promising avenue for augmenting the susceptibility of neoplastic cells to ionizing radiation. This research examines the potential of core-shell-satellite Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small>-SiO<small>₂</small>-Au nanoparticles as effective radiosensitizers. By investigating the interaction of individual nanoparticles situated within a water phantom of 20 micrometers in diameter with monochromatic photon beams at energies of 50, 100, and 150 keV, we analyse how variations in the structural composition of Au nanoparticles and their concentrations within these multifaceted nanoparticles influence the efficacy of radiation therapy, employing Monte Carlo simulations corroborated by the general-purpose radiation transport code PHITS. Our investigation aspires to refine nanoparticle-based methodologies to enhance cancer treatment outcomes, potentially facilitating the development of more targeted therapeutic interventions that minimize adverse effects while improving patient survival rates.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}