Nanoscale最新文献

{"title":"Dual-stimuli responsive nanoparticles for co-delivery of small molecules to promote neural differentiation of human iPSCs","authors":"Jeong Hyun You, Na Yeon Kim, Yoon Young Choi, Hyung Woo Choi, Bong Geun Chung","doi":"10.1039/d4nr04413d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr04413d","url":null,"abstract":"The differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) is a promising approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and regenerative medicine. Dual SMAD inhibition using small molecules has been identified as a key strategy for directing the differentiation of hiPSCs into NPCs by regulating specific cell signaling pathways. However, the conventional culture methods are time-consuming and exhibit the low differentiation efficiency in neural differentiation. The nanocarriers can address these obstacles as an efficient method for the controlled release and accurate delivery of small molecules. In this paper, we developed the calcium phosphate-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles capable of delivering multiple small molecules, including LDN193189 as a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) inhibitor and SB431542 as a transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta inhibitor, for direct differentiation of hiPSCs-mediated NPCs. Our results demonstrated that this nanocarrier-mediated small molecule release system not only enhanced the in vitro formation of neural rosettes but also modulated the expression levels of key markers. In particular, it downregulated OCT4, a marker of pluripotency, while upregulating PAX6, a critical marker for neuroectoderm. These finding suggest that this controlled small molecule release system holds significant potential for therapeutic applications in neural development and neurodegenerative diseases.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluorescence Tunable Carbon Dots for In-vitro Nuclear Dynamics and Gastrointestinal Imaging in Live Zebrafish and their in-vivo toxicity evaluation by cardio-craniofacial disfunction assessment.","authors":"Bijaideep Dutta, Ashwini Waghmare, Sourav Kumar Das, Yogesh Bhargava, Amit Kumar, A. K. Debnath, Kanhu C Barick, Puthusserickal Hassan","doi":"10.1039/d4nr04077e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr04077e","url":null,"abstract":"Sub-cellular organelle anomalies are frequently observed in diseases such as cancer. Early and precise diagnosis of these alterations can be crucial for patient outcomes. However, current diagnostic tools using conventional organic dyes or metal quantum dots face limitations, including poor biocompatibility, stringent storage conditions, limited solubility in aqueous media, and slow staining speeds. These challenges underscore the need for safer, more effective diagnostic and therapeutic solutions. In these aspects, we have developed a highly photostable, biocompatible, water-dispersible carbon dots (TNCDs) with an average size of 5.5 nm using tartaric acid and ethylenediamine via a hydrothermal route. The synthesized TNCDs have showed bright blue fluorescence under the irradiation of UV-light at an excitation wavelength of 365 nm. It exhibits a quantum yield (QY) of 25.1% with maximum emission at 390 nm. A nice tri-exponential fitting of the decay curve with characteristic lifetime of 1.52 ns, 3.05 ns and 6.11 ns for TNCDs was obtained. In vitro studies demonstrated that TNCDs have high biocompatibility (20 μg/ml) with almost 100% cell viability, excellent nucleus targeting and staining capabilities with low background interference (with 10-12 times enhancement in fluorescence intensity). Additionally, when tagged with photosensitizers or radionuclides, TNCDs can serve as therapeutic agents in photodynamic therapy against cancer cells. Importantly, TNCDs exhibited negligible toxicity in developing zebrafish even at high concentrations (up to 400 mg/L) as investigated by cardio and craniofacial disfunction assessment. Live organism imaging revealed that TNCDs produced aggregation-induced strong and specific green fluorescence in the gut of zebrafish larvae even at low concentrations, indicating their potential for nucleus staining and gut-specific optical imaging (at 50 mg/L). Thus, our TNCDs represent a robust nanoplatform for cellular and whole-organism fluorescence imaging, offering both diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Keywords: Biocompatible Carbon dots, Organelle imaging, Zebra fish, Toxicity","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic-level mechanisms of abnormal activation in NRAS oncogenes from two dimensional free energy landscapes","authors":"Zheyao Hu, Jordi Marti","doi":"10.1039/d4nr03372h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr03372h","url":null,"abstract":"The NRAS-mutant subset of melanoma is one of the most aggressive and lethal types associated with poor overall survival. Unfortunately, a low understanding of the NRAS-mutant dynamic behavior has lead to the lack of clinically approved therapeutic agents able to directly target NRAS oncogenes. In this work, accurate local structures of NRAS and its mutants have been fully explored through the corresponding free energy surfaces obtained by microsecond scale well- tempered metadynamics simulations. Free energy calculations are crucial to reveal the precise mechanisms of Q61 mutations at the atomic level. Considering specific atom-atom distances d and angles φ as appropriate reaction coordinates we have obtained free energy surfaces revealing local and global minima together with their main transitions states, unvealing the mechanisms of abnormal NRAS activation from atomic-level and quantitatively analyzing the corresponding stable states. This will help to advance in our understanding of the basic mechanisms of NRAS mutations, offering new opportunities for the design of potential inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Devices Based on Chiral Nanomaterials","authors":"Jiawei Lv, Rui Sun, Xiaoqing Gao","doi":"10.1039/d4nr03998j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr03998j","url":null,"abstract":"As advanced materials, chiral nanomaterials have recently gained vast attention due to their specially geometry-based physical and chemical properties. The fast development of related science and technology makes various devices involving polarization-based information encryption, photoelectronic and spintronic devices, 3D displays, biomedical sensors and measurement, photonic engineering, electronic engineering, solar devices, etc, been explored extensively. The fields are at their beginning, and many efforts need to be made, including improving the optical, electronic, and magnetic properties of the advanced chiral nanomaterials, designing the materials precisely, developing more efficient construction methods, and so on. This review tries to offer a whole picture of these fields' state-of-the-art conditions and offers a perspective on future development.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"201 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in mRNA-Based Therapeutics for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Brain Tumors","authors":"Lizhi Yang, Shuo Li, Chao Hou, Zihua Wang, Wen He, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1039/d4nr04394d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr04394d","url":null,"abstract":"Messenger RNA (mRNA) therapy is an innovative approach that delivers specific protein-coding information. By promoting the ribosomal synthesis of target proteins within cells, it supplements functional or antigenic proteins to treat diseases. Unlike traditional gene therapy, mRNA does not need to enter the cell nucleus, reducing the risks associated with gene integration. Moreover, protein expression levels can be regulated by adjusting the dosage and degradation rates of mRNA. As a new generation gene therapy strategy, mRNA therapy represents the latest advancements and trends in the field. It offers advantages such as precision, safety, and ease of modification. It has been widely used in the prevention of COVID-19. Unlike acute conditions such as cerebral hemorrhage and stroke that often require immediate surgical or interventional treatments, neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and brain tumors progress relatively slowly and face challenges such as the blood-brain barrier and complex pathogenesis. These characteristics make them particularly suitable for mRNA therapy. With continued research, mRNA-based therapeutics are expected to play a significant role in the prevention and treatment of NDs and brain tumors. This paper reviews the preparation and delivery of mRNA drugs and summarizes the research progress of mRNA gene therapy in treating NDs and brain tumors. It also discusses the current challenges, providing a theoretical basis and reference for future research in this field.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Differentiates Molecular-Level Structural Models of Nanoparticle Interfaces","authors":"Yujie Wu, Xindi Liu, Aurel Radulescu, Lionel Porcar, Anwen Michele Krause-Heuer, Hanqiu Jiang, Hua Yang, Yubin Ke, Tamim Darwish, Zhi Luo","doi":"10.1039/d4nr04365k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr04365k","url":null,"abstract":"The highly anisotropic and nonadditive nature of nanoparticle surfaces restricts its characterization to limited types of techniques that can reach atomic or molecular resolution. While small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) is a unique tool for analyzing complex systems, it has been traditionally considered a low-resolution method due to limited scattering vector range and wide wavelength spread. In this article, we present a novel perspective on SANS by showcasing its exceptional capability to provide molecular-level insights into nanoparticle interfaces. We report a series of experiments on multicomponent nanoparticles, where we demonstrate the ability of SANS to differentiate between competing structural models with molecular- and Å-scale differences. The results provide accurate quantification of organic ligand chain lengths, nanoparticles' heterogeneity, and detailed structures of surrounding counter-ion layers in solution. Furthermore, we show that SANS can probe subtle variations in self-assembled monolayer structures under different thermodynamic states. Our findings challenge the conventional view of SANS as a low-resolution technique for nanoparticle characterization and demonstrate its unique potential for providing molecular-level insights into complex nanoparticle surface structures.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pure Red Emission with Spectra-Stable in Full Iodine-based Quasi-2D Perovskite Films by Controlling Phase Distribution","authors":"Zhiqiang Ming, Siyao Li, Xinyi Luo, Siman Liu, Danliang Zhang, Xiaoli Zhu, Anlian Pan, Xiao Wang","doi":"10.1039/d4nr04100c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr04100c","url":null,"abstract":"Quasi-2D perovskites have emerged as a promising candidate material for displays owing to their high photoluminescence quantum yields and low-cost solution synthesis. However, achieving pure red quasi-2D perovskite films with luminescence centered at 630 nm and a narrow emission band presents a critical challenge for high-definition display. Herein, via incorporating 18-crown-6 as additives that simultaneously passivates the defects and regulates phase distribution, full iodine-based quasi-2D perovskite films with single red emission peak and spectra-stable are designed. Additionally, through introducing appropriate chlorobenzene and enhancing annealing temperature resulting in a narrower phase distribution, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of emission peak is significantly reduced. After the optimized process, we fabricate quasi-2D perovskite films with pure red emission, which exhibit a PL peak at 627.9 nm and a narrow FWHM of 45.1 nm. Based on these pure red perovskite films, diverse complex patterns such as fluorescent anti-counterfeiting labels are implemented for data storage and information encryption. This study provides an effective approach to developing quasi-2D perovskite with high color purity for high-definition purposes.text goes here.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142858134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystallization Control of Cu(I)-Halide via Thermal Evaporation for Improving Resistive Switching Memory Performance","authors":"Sangmyeong Lee, Bong Ki Hong, Sang-Uk Lee, Jong-In Huh, Geon Woo Yoon, Nam-Gyu Park, Hyun Suk Jung","doi":"10.1039/d4nr04200j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr04200j","url":null,"abstract":"CsCu2I3 is considered a promising material for lead-free resistive switching (RS) memory devices due to its low operating voltage, high on/off ratio, and excellent thermal and environmental stability However, conventional lead-free halide-based RS memory devices typically require solvent-based thin-film formation processes that involve toxic organic and acidic solvents, and the effects of process conditions on device performance are often not fully understood. This study investigates the effect of crystallinity on CsCu2I3-based RS memory devices fabricated via thermal evaporation. Crystallinity increases with higher substrate deposition temperatures but decreases with increasing post-annealing temperatures, leading to film decomposition. At a substrate deposition temperature of 180 ℃, without post-annealing, the CsCu2I3-based device demonstrates enhanced performance, including an endurance of 190 cycles and a retention time of 6,500 s. The devices operate through a space-charge-limited conduction mechanism, as shown by logarithmic I−V characteristics. Trap density calculations reveal that higher crystallinity reduces defects, leading to improved endurance and retention by promoting the formation of stable conductive filaments. This study establishes a relationship between crystallinity and the enhanced endurance and retention of CsCu2I3-based RS memory devices prepared using thermal evaporation as a function of deposited substrate temperature and post annealing temperature.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal–organic framework-based nanoplatforms for synergistic anti-atherosclerosis therapy by regulating the PI3K/AKT/MSR1 pathway in macrophages","authors":"Chenlin Zeng, Zhiyou Peng, Sida Huang, Zhijue Xu, Zhaoxi Peng, Zhaoyu Wu, Jiahao Lei, Xing Zhang, Jinbao Qin, Kaichuang Ye, Bo Li, Zhen Zhao, Ying Pan, Minyi Yin, Xinwu Lu","doi":"10.1039/d4nr04058a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr04058a","url":null,"abstract":"Atherosclerosis is the main pathogenic factor of various cardiovascular diseases. During the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, macrophages play a major role, mainly by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines and taking in lipids to form foam cells. Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is an antagonist of the P2Y6 receptor, which is overexpressed on macrophages during atherosclerosis and facilitates the lipid phagocytosis of macrophages. However, the excessive accumulation of TPP may interfere with some vital metabolic processes like the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and the pentose phosphate pathway. Herein, we designed and constructed a nanoparticle ZIF-8@TPP for the treatment of atherosclerosis. The as-established ZIF-8@TPP nanoplatform exhibited specific cytotoxicity towards macrophages <em>in vitro.</em> Meanwhile, histological analysis confirmed the excellent therapeutic efficacy of ZIF-8@TPP <em>in vivo.</em> Mechanistic studies indicated that ZIF-8@TPP potentially lowered lipid phagocytosis and lipid metabolism of macrophages <em>via</em> the PI3K/AKT/MSR1 pathway. This study also demonstrated that the anti-atherosclerotic effect of TPP was enhanced after combination with a prototypical metal–organic framework (MOF), ZIF-8. This synergistic controlled-release drug delivery system may provide a novel idea for anti-atherosclerosis therapy by combining reagents that can inhibit lipid phagocytosis of macrophages with MOFs.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monodisperse Pt nanoparticle arrays via block copolymer nanopatterning and their reaction kinetics on CO oxidation","authors":"Geon Gug Yang, Hyeong Min Jin, Minsu Park, Minha Kim, Dong-Wook Shin, Sang Ouk Kim, WooChul Jung, Siwon Lee","doi":"10.1039/d4nr03582h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr03582h","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in nanotechnology are able to open up new prospects for catalysis, particularly through the development of catalytic systems featuring precisely controlled size and distribution of metal nanoparticles. In this study, we prepared a model catalytic system, where monodisperse Pt nanoparticles, approximately 8 nm in size, were uniformly distributed onto CeO<small>₂</small> and SiO<small>_<em>x</em></small>/Si substrates <em>via</em> block copolymer (BCP) nanopatterning. To address the validity of these catalysts, we conducted a case study on CO oxidation in a continuous flow reactor, investigated the reaction kinetics, and compared our observations with those reported in the literature. The reaction orders for CO and O<small>₂</small>, activation energy, and turnover frequency values on these catalysts were in good agreement with those with well-established kinetic data, demonstrating consistency and reliability. These results suggest a potential application of the BCP-nanopatterned catalyst as a model system for fundamental studies in various catalytic processes.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}