Nanoscale最新文献

{"title":"Polarization-Sensitive Photodetector Based on b-AsP/In2Se3 Heterostructure","authors":"Le Ju, Binqian Zou, Suofu Wang, Tao Han, Feng Li, Xinyuan Hou, Min Zhang, Fei Ding, Lei Shan, Mingsheng Long","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02575c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02575c","url":null,"abstract":"Van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions, composed of two-dimensional materials, offer competitive opportunities in the design and realization of versatile and high-performance electronic and optoelectronic devices. Polarization-sensitive infrared (IR) photoelectric detection plays an important role in optical communication, environmental monitoring, and remote sensing imaging. Here, we report a mirror electrode-enhanced black arsenic phosphorus (b-AsP) and indium selenide (In2Se3) b-AsP/In2Se3 vdW heterojunction photodetector. The device enables wide-band detection from the solar-blind ultraviolet (SBUV) to the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) spectral range. The excellent performance of the device, including a high photoresponsivity (R) of 4129.3 AW-1, competitive high specific detectivity (D*) of 2.8×1011 cmHz1/2W-1, and very low noise equivalent power (NEP) of 2.8×10-15 WHz−1/2 with 275 nm SBUV light at 1 V bias. Moreover, the device demonstrated a very fast speed with a rise time (τr) of 5.8 μs, decay time (τd) of 2.8 μs, and a high dichroic ratio of ~2.12 with a 637 nm laser. This work provides a way to realize polarization-sensitive detectors with high sensitivity and fast speed.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced stretchability and stability of micro hole mesh electrodes via a crack-guiding notch design","authors":"Wentao Qian, Le Weng, Junzhuan Wang, Linwei Yu","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02993g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02993g","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development of flexible devices demands higher stretchability and stability in conductive metal electrodes, which are indispensable components in a wide range of flexible technologies. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a novel hole mesh structure featuring a directional crack-guiding notch (CGN) design, which can help to disperse stretching stress/strain, while effectively confining cracks to pre-notched locations, minimizing harm to the structural continuity and electrical conductivity of the electrode film. As a proof of concept, hole mesh thin films (Pt/Au) with the CGN design were fabricated and transferred directly onto the elastic polymer substrate (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) and tested under repetitive stretching. It is found that the hole mesh electrodes, with CGN design, demonstrate significantly enhanced stretchability and excellent stability of conductivity, withstanding up to 20% strain for 170 cycles—a remarkable improvement compared to the reference samples without notches, which typically fail at lower strains. Further finite element simulations further reveal that the crack-guiding notches effectively suppress uncontrolled crack propagation through the whole mesh electrode, releasing accumulated strain only at the predefined notched locations in a well-controlled manner, and thus maintaining the overall conductivity of the hole mesh electrodes. This very convenient but effective CGN design holds great promise for broad applications in stretchable electronics, sensors, and displays.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"204 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One step construction of Mesh-like CoSe2 microflowers for magnesium-lithium hybrid batteries with enhanced rate performance","authors":"Wutao Wei, Zhikai Wang, Peng Xue, Zhao Liu, Xi Jia, Yanjie Wang, Fang He, Liwei Mi","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02865e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02865e","url":null,"abstract":"Magnesium-lithium hybrid-ion batteries are a potential energy storage device possessing fast ion migration kinetics and high safety. The CoSe2 were prepared using one-step solvothermal preparation of mesh-like microflowers, which can provide shorter paths for ion diffusion and can provide buffer space for volume changes during electrochemical reactions. The discharge specific capacity is maintained of 361.9 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles at 1 A g-1. In addition, it has high rate performance with 452.0 mAh g-1 discharge capacity at 0.2 A g-1, and has 332.0 mAh g-1 discharge capacity at 2 A g-1. This work confirms that CoSe₂ is an appropriate cathode material for high performance Magnesium-lithium hybrid-ion batteries.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of carbon quantum dots in smart polymer films for biomedical diagnostics","authors":"Anna Piasek, Jolanta Pulit-Prociak","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02878g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02878g","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of personalized medicine and wearable technologies, there is a growing demand for flexible, biocompatible, and highly sensitive sensors capable of continuous biomarker monitoring directly on the skin surface. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), due to their unique fluorescent properties, non-toxicity, and ease of functionalization, represent an attractive active component in the design of such devices. Depending on the polymer matrix and integration strategy, polymer-CQDs composites can operate via optical or electrochemical mechanisms, which significantly broadens their biomedical applications. This review article discusses the mechanisms of CQDs integration with polymer matrices, such as chemical and physical immobilization, crosslinking, and the formation of layered composites. Special attention is given to conductive polymers, hydrogels, and biodegradable polymers that serve structural, sensory, and protective functions. Current applications of such materials are presented, including smart wound dressings, microneedle devices, and wearable devices such as smartbands. The mechanisms of biomarker detection and electrical conduction in CQD-based systems are also characterized, and technological challenges such as selectivity, integration with electronics, and power supply are analyzed. The article also outlines future development directions for these technologies, considering energy autonomy, biodegradability, sensor personalization, and data management. The aim of the work is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current state of knowledge in the design of functional polymer-CQDs composite materials for applications in modern skin-integrated bioelectronics for medical diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colloidally synthesized and bandgap-engineered luminescent titanium nitride quantum dots","authors":"Aswathi Maladan, Takuya Okamoto, Mohit Kumar, Most Farida Khatun, Yasutaka Matsuo, Ch Subrahamayam, Vasudevanpillai Biju","doi":"10.1039/d5nr03290c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr03290c","url":null,"abstract":"Semiconductor nanomaterials, such as cadmium, lead, and mercury chalcogenides, as well as lead halide perovskites, exhibit excellent optical, electronic, photonic, and photovoltaic properties, making them promising for applications in solar cells, LEDs, and X-ray photodetectors. However, heavy metals, such as Cd, Hg, and Pb, raise concerns about the use of these nanomaterials in devices and the recycling and disposal of such devices. Therefore, developing greener luminescent materials is crucial for sustainable optoelectronic and photovoltaic technologies. We report a colloidal chemical method for engineering brilliantly luminescent titanium nitride (TiN) quantum dots showing tunable optical bandgap (1.8~2.2 eV) and multicolor photoluminescence. We demonstrate the TiN quantum dot structure and properties using HRTEM, SEM-EDX, XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, and steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, confirming their size, morphology, chemical composition, crystalline structure, bandgap, and luminescence properties. This research presents luminescent TiN quantum dots as promising substitutes for metal chalcogenides and lead halide perovskites in sustainable electrooptical and photovoltaic technologies.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Dimensional-Material-Coated Microcantilevers for Enhanced Mass Sensing and Material Characterization","authors":"Gourav Bhattacharya, Indrianita Lionadi, stuart McMichael, Mike Taverne, James McLaughlin, Pilar Fernandez-Ibanez, Chung-Che Huang, Ying-Lung Daniel Ho, Amir Farokh Payam","doi":"10.1039/d5nr03147h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr03147h","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of 2D material coatings on microcantilevers marks a transformative advancement in nanomechanical sensing. As essential components of nanomechanical sensors, microcantilevers detect minute forces, such as molecular interactions, through frequency shift measurements, enabling ultra-sensitive detection with atomic-scale mass resolution. This work emphasizes the novelty of employing 2D-material coatings on microcantilevers, presenting an integrated approach that combines theoretical modeling, simulation, and experimentation. By utilizing 2D-material-coated microcantilevers, this study demonstrates the precise measurement of mass, Young’s modulus and thickness of 2D material layers. The enhanced performance of these coated resonators is showcased in applications such as bacterial and uric acid mass sensing at varying concentrations, achieving superior frequency detection, responsivity, and accuracy. This research not only advances nanoscale sensor design but also underscores the potential of 2D-material coatings in revolutionizing nanoelectromechanical sensors for materials characterization and mass spectrometry, paving the way for next-generation sensing technologies.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradable PBAT@CoFe2O4 Foils as Magnetically Active Photothermal Materials for Smart Surface Heating","authors":"Emilia Zachanowicz, Anna Tomaszewska, Magdalena Kulpa-Greszta, Cristian Pilloni, Dominika Zakutna, Maria Romerowicz-Misielak, Robert Pazik","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02710a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02710a","url":null,"abstract":"Our study is devoted to the development, physicochemical characterization, and NIR energy conversion to the heat of biodegradable PBAT@CoFe2O4 composite foil fabricated via the solvent evaporation casting technique. Superparamagnetic CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (6.3 nm) were synthesized through thermal decomposition and incorporated into the PBAT matrix, as confirmed by vibration modes shift, suggesting strong interfacial interactions. The TGA/DTA and DSC analysis showed a significant change in the composite foil degradation and thermal properties induced by the presence of cobalt nanoferrite due to its catalytic activity. Magnetic characterization confirmed superparamagnetic behavior of stock CoFe2O4 and ferrite-doped PBAT composite foil. We observed that under NIR808 laser irradiation, the composite exhibited rapid heating, whereas foil heating under AMF was ineffective due to the immobilization of particles within the polymer matrix. The highest recorded temperature was 115 °C with a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 97.5 W/g (maximum allowed laser power due to the risk of polymer matrix melting). Heating ability was further evaluated using a pork skin ex-vivo model to simulate soft tissue interaction, revealing skin discoloration and surface changes caused by protein coagulation under heat generation. Cytotoxicity tests of reference and composite foil were carried out using NIH/3T3 fibroblast cell line according to ISO standards, showing that foils can be considered safe and non-toxic. The results confirm the potential of NIR-responsive PBAT@CoFe2O4 composites that can be used as smart energy-converting materials for various practical applications. Even though the AMF cannot be applied for heating foils integrated with magnetic particles can be used for the fast separation of polymeric composites from a waste mixture using magnets upon their segregation in the recycling facilities. This feature can be of particular interest upon product end-life.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning Polysulfide Adsorption and Catalytic Activity via Surface Functionalization of Nb2TiN2 MXene in Na-S Batteries","authors":"Satheesh Mani, Md Mahbubul Islam","doi":"10.1039/d5nr03030g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr03030g","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium-sulfur (Na-S) batteries are emerging as a promising candidate for large-scale energy storage due to the natural abundance and low cost of sodium and sulfur and their high theoretical energy density.However, the sluggish conversion kinetics of higher-order soluble polysulfides (Na<small>₂</small>S<small>_n</small>, n &gt; 2) into lowerorder insoluble species (Na<small>₂</small>S<small>₂</small>/Na<small>₂</small>S) lead to severe polysulfide dissolution, insulating discharge products, and rapid capacity fading. In this study, we employ first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations to systematically investigate the adsorption characteristics and catalytic behavior of a novel double transition metal (DTM) nitride MXene-Nb<small>₂</small>TiN<small>₂</small> , functionalized with sulfur (S) and oxygen (O) terminal groups (Nb<small>₂</small>TiN<small>₂</small>S<small>₂</small> and Nb<small>₂</small>TiN<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> , respectively). Our results reveal that O-functionalized Nb<small>₂</small>TiN<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> exhibits significantly stronger adsorption of Na<small>₂</small>S species, which is expected to mitigate the shuttle effect and improve structural stability compared to its S-functionalized counterpart. Detailed analysis of adsorption energies and charge transfer mechanisms demonstrates that lower-order polysulfides exhibit stronger binding and greater electron transfer on the O-terminated surface. Furthermore, the calculated free energy barriers for the rate-determining step of sulfur reduction reactions are 0.55 eV for Nb<small>₂</small>TiN<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> , 0.75 eV for Nb<small>₂</small>TiN<small>₂</small>S<small>₂</small> , and 1.05 eV for the polysulfides conversion in the gas phase. These findings suggest that O-functionalization facilitates more favorable reaction kinetics by stabilizing key intermediates and lowering energy barriers compared to S-functionalization. This work provides critical insights for the rational design of advanced cathode hosts to enhance the electrochemical performance and cycle life of Na-S batteries.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Tale of Two Syntheses: A Comparative Study of the Physical and Photocatalytic Properties of Covalent Triazine Frameworks (CTFs)","authors":"Mads Lund Nygaard Nielsen, Ruchi Sharma, Marcel Ceccato, Melissa Jane Marks, Sara Frank, Jørgen Skibsted, Jacopo Catalano, Nina Lock","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02635k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02635k","url":null,"abstract":"Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) have exhibited promising photocatalytic capabilities for organic transformations, CO<small>₂</small> reduction and water treatment, yet the links between synthesis procedure and structural- and catalytic properties are essentially unexplored. This study investigates this link for CTF‑1 type materials prepared by two distinct synthesis procedures: One variant of CTF‑1 was synthesised via a solvent-assisted route over three days at 30 °C (CTF‑1 (SS)), while the other form was synthesised at 250 °C over 12 hours (CTF‑1 (DS)) followed by post-synthetic modification through either heat- or mechanical treatment for removal of excess triflic acid catalyst. All synthesised materials could be identified as different CTF‑1 variants; however, the synthesis choice profoundly impacted the material properties. Pristine CTF‑1 (DS) was semicrystalline with good visible light absorption and high thermal stability. In contrast, CTF‑1 (SS) was amorphous with embedded amide functionalities and limited visible light adsorption and thermal stability, which was attributed to a lower degree of polymerization/conjugation. Surprisingly, due to the embedded amide sites, the amorphous CTF‑1 (SS) exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pristine CTF‑1 (DS). However, CTF‑1 (DS) exhibited the best photocatalytic properties after post-synthetic removal of residual triflic acid, with heat treatment allowing complete removal of residual acid, and ball-milling only achieving partial removal of the acid. This study, therefore, demonstrates that choosing appropriate methods for synthesis facilitates the enhancement of desired physical and light adsorption properties in CTF‑1-based photocatalysts and that nuanced characterisation techniques are required to fully understand the photocatalytic behaviour of different CTF-1 variants.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailored Photoactivity of 2D Nanosheets Synthesized by Electron Irradiation of Metal-Organic Ru(II) Monolayers","authors":"Maria Küllmer, Alexander Klaus Mengele, Julian Kund, Robert Leiter, Felix Herrmann-Westendorf, Daniel Hüger, Rebecka Gläßner, Emad Najafidehaghani, Hamid Reza Rasouli, Christof Neumann, Johannes Biskupek, Lara Selina Dröge, Verena Müller, Kamil Witas, Martin Presselt, Thomas Weimann, Benjamin Dietzek-Ivanšić, Ute Kaiser, Christine Kranz, Sven Rau, Andrey Turchanin","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02717a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02717a","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional materials gain significant interest for applications in light harvesting and sensing due to their unique properties and low dimensions. A key challenge is the introduction of specific functionalities such as photoactivity as well as their adjustment. Using adaptable coordination compounds as building blocks for 2D nanosheets offers a promising approach for the controlled optimization of these functionalities. In this study, we demonstrate the preparation of carbonaceous 2D materials by self-assembling thiolated Ru(II) polypyridine complexes (RuSH) onto gold surfaces, followed by electron beam-induced crosslinking into nanosheets. The modular design of the complexes enables the variation of substituents on the bipyridine ligands, thereby influencing the nanosheets’ mechanical stability and photoactivity. Spectroscopic analysis confirms that both the Ru(II) core and thiol group remain mostly intact during crosslinking, facilitating a future post-functionalization for catalysis applications. The resulting nanosheets, with areas up to cm² and thicknesses below 1 nm, exhibit outstanding electrochemical and optoelectrical activity, making them promising candidates for catalysis, sensing, and miniaturized devices.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}