Livestock production science最新文献

{"title":"Nutritional and physiological responses of growing pigs exposed to a diurnal pattern of heat stress","authors":"J.F. Patience ,&nbsp;J.F. Umboh ,&nbsp;R.K. Chaplin ,&nbsp;C.M. Nyachoti","doi":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effects of continuous heat stress (HS) on pig performance have been reported but how a diurnal pattern of HS affects the nutritional and physiological status of the pig is unclear. Two replicates of 6 pigs each (3 pairs of littermates; ∼25 kg BW) were assigned to one of two temperature treatments: control (20 °C; C) or diurnal HS (range 20 to 38 °C within 24 h; DHS) to provide six observations per temperature treatment. Pigs were housed in individual metabolism crates to facilitate separate collection of urine and faeces. After a 10-day acclimation period, pigs were fitted with indwelling arterial cannulae and a Foley bladder catheter for blood and urine collection, respectively. A wheat, barley and soybean meal-based diet was used and feed intake was paired between littermates in different treatment groups. After a 5-day recovery period, observations and sample collection were made during an 11-day experimental period. Plasma glucose and urea levels and the amount of minerals retained as a percentage of intake were similar between the treatments (<em>P</em>&gt;0.05). Likewise, faeces DM and mineral digestibilities did not differ between the two temperature treatments (<em>P</em>&gt;0.05). Diurnal heat stressed pigs had higher (<em>P</em><span>&lt;0.05) respiratory rate (105.2 vs. 15.0 breaths/min), rectal temperature (39.7 vs. 38.4 °C), heart rate (104.0 vs. 90.1 beats/min) and mean blood pressure (97.4 vs. 81.7 mm Hg) compared to C pigs. Arterial pO</span>₂ rose (89.73 vs. 77.91 mm Hg; <em>P</em>&lt;0.05) and bicarbonate levels declined (25.82 vs. 27.24 mmol/L; <em>P</em>&lt;0.05) in the DHS compared to C pigs, but no differences in pH, pCO₂ and base excess levels were observed between the two groups. Blood osmolality was lower (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05) in DHS than in C pigs (287.1 vs. 291.3 mOsmol/kg) over the 11-day study period. Diurnal heat-stressed pigs had lower urine pH at 0700 (6.065 vs. 6.599; <em>P</em>&lt;0.05) compared to C pigs. Diurnal heat-stressed pigs had higher (<em>P</em><span>&lt;0.05) urinary levels of titratable acid<span> (22.84 vs. 14.95 mmol/L), net acid concentration (33.36 vs. 23.49 mmol/L), and ammonium (11.05 vs. 9.88 mmol/L) compared with C pigs at 0700 but not at 1430 and 1900. Plasma T4 and aldosterone levels were not affected by temperature (</span></span><em>P</em>&gt;0.05) but T3 levels were lower (16.19 vs. 23.46 ng/dL; <em>P</em><span>&lt;0.05) in DHS compared to C pigs. It was concluded that although the diurnal pattern of heat stress used in the current study had no effect on mineral metabolism in growing pigs, it altered the physiological status, including acid–base homeostasis, as well as the more obvious thermal homeostasis.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":92934,"journal":{"name":"Livestock production science","volume":"96 2","pages":"Pages 205-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.01.012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55263772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between somatic cell count patterns and milk production prior to mastitis","authors":"Jack J. Windig ,&nbsp;Mario P.L. Calus ,&nbsp;Gerben de Jong ,&nbsp;Roel F. Veerkamp","doi":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Association between milk yield, milk composition and patterns of peak in Somatic Cell Counts (SCC) were analysed in 4006 Dutch herds with 1<!--> <!-->962<!--> <!-->752 lactations. Definitions of peak patterns were based on 3 or more consecutive test days, and differentiated between short and long periods of increased SCC. There was a close association between milk yield at start of lactation, without or before SCC-peaks, and the incidence of SCC-peaks. The higher the milk yield, the more likely that SCC-peaks occurred. During peak periods milk-yield dropped, especially for the short intense pattern. Milk yields did not reach pre-peak levels after SCC-peaks. Fat-protein ratios were non-linearly related to SCC-peak rates. Both a lower and a higher fat/protein ratio at the start of lactation increased the risks of SCC-peaks. Across herds there is variation in the association between milk yield and SCC-peaks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92934,"journal":{"name":"Livestock production science","volume":"96 2","pages":"Pages 291-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55265115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dietary protein and rumen degradable organic matter on milk production and efficiency in heat-stressed goats","authors":"A. Arieli,&nbsp;R. Sasson-Rath,&nbsp;S. Zamwel,&nbsp;S.J. Mabjeesh","doi":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Four Israeli mix-breed Saanen dairy goats were used in a 2×2 factorial design to evaluate the effect of the level of dietary crude protein (CP) and ruminally degradable OM (RDOM) concentration on the production, composition and efficiency of milk production under hot ambient conditions. Daily ration comprised of 30% hay and 70% concentrates was divided into 12 equal meals. Treatment factors were 18% (HCP) or 15% (LCP) of CP in the diet DM, and 56% (HRDOM) or 50% (LRDOM) of RDOM. Goats were housed in metabolic crates in air-conditioned room. Air temperature ranged between 25 °C and 36 °C, and the thermal humidity index (THI) between 74 and 90 units. Daily amplitude of goat's body temperature was 1.2 °C and was unaffected by treatments. The DM intake, milk yield, and concentrations of protein, fat, and lactose, as well as total tract apparent digestibility of DM and OM were similar among treatments (<em>P</em>&gt;0.1). Digestibility of CP was higher in the HCP diets (<em>P</em>&lt;0.01), and digestibilities of NDF was higher in the LRDOM diets (<em>P</em>&lt;0.01). Digestibility of non-structural carbohydrates was higher in the high RDOM diets and high CP diets (<em>P</em>&lt;0.1). Blood glucose and insulin concentrations were similar among treatments (<em>P</em>&gt;0.1), while NEFA level was higher in LRDOM (<em>P</em>&lt;0.1). Rumen N-ammonia (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05) and milk N-urea (<em>P</em>&lt;0.01) were lower, and plasma N-urea tended to be lower in LCP diets (<em>P</em>&lt;0.15). Overall, these data indicate that N utilization was lowered in goats consuming the high CP diets. It was concluded that diets comprising 15% of CP in DM are adequate for dairy goats exposed to daily high environmental temperatures, and moderate temperatures at night. Though varying dietary RDOM levels did not affect milk N efficiency, the higher NSC digestibility, and the concomitant lower blood NEFA suggest a reduced heat increment in dairy ruminants consuming HRDOM diets.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92934,"journal":{"name":"Livestock production science","volume":"96 2","pages":"Pages 215-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.01.010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55264060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of hindgut fermentation of non-starch polysaccharides on the stability of blood glucose and insulin levels and physical activity in empty sows","authors":"J.A. de Leeuw ,&nbsp;A.W. Jongbloed ,&nbsp;H.A.M. Spoolder ,&nbsp;M.W.A. Verstegen","doi":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A fermentable non-starch polysaccharides (fNSP)-rich diet was previously shown to stabilise glucose and insulin levels and reduce physical activity in restricted-fed sows. Stable glucose levels may prevent interprandial hunger. Aim of the present study was to elucidate the specific role of fermentation in these traits.</p><p>Ten empty sows were either fed a low- (L-sows) or a high-fNSP diet (H-sows), twice daily. In three successive periods, sows received first no infusion and then, in different sequences, continuous fNSP infusion in the cecum or glucose infusion in the blood for 8 days each (GLU; energetic control). Infused energy was similar to the difference in energy derived from fNSP between diets. Blood samples, drawn between feeding times, were analysed for glucose and insulin levels and stability. Video-recordings were analysed for posture changes (physical activity).</p><p>GLU and fNSP infusions stabilised glucose levels in L-sows and reduced posture changes in both L- and H-sows (H-sows, tendency). Insulin stability was less affected by infusions. GLU and fNSP infusions prevented drops of glucose below basal levels. fNSP infusion in L-sows (cecum) had similar effects as GLU infusion in H-sows (oral fNSP intake).</p><p>Results imply that fermentation plays an important role in the effects of a fNSP-rich diet on the stability of glucose levels and physical activity in sows.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92934,"journal":{"name":"Livestock production science","volume":"96 2","pages":"Pages 165-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.01.009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55264041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the quality of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) for dairy cows by selecting for fast clearing and/or degradable neutral detergent fiber","authors":"H.Z. Taweel ,&nbsp;B.M. Tas ,&nbsp;H.J. Smit ,&nbsp;A. Elgersma ,&nbsp;J. Dijkstra ,&nbsp;S. Tamminga","doi":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) fractional clearance rate (Kcl) and fractional degradation rate (kd) of six varieties of </span>perennial ryegrass were measured to examine the possibility of selecting for varieties with fast degradable NDF. The experiment was conducted in 2000 and repeated in 2001. In each year, six multiparous rumen-cannulated dairy cows were stall-fed with six varieties of perennial ryegrass during three 2-week periods, using a double 3</span> <!-->×<!--> <!-->3 Latin square design. The NDF fractional clearance rate (Kcl_NDF) and the acid detergent lignin fractional clearance rate (Kcl_ADL) were estimated using two consecutive rumen evacuations, separated by a 12-h period of feed deprivation assuming a first-order kinetics. The NDF fractional degradation rate (kd_NDF) was calculated based on the assumption that NDF fractional passage rate (kp_NDF) was equal to Kcl_ADL. The Kcl_NDF of the different grass varieties was in the range of 5 to 6%/h. The kd_NDF was lower than reported in situ values and ranged from 2 to 3%/h. The Kcl_NDF and kd_NDF were not significantly different among grass varieties in both years. The difference between the fastest disappearing and degrading variety and the slowest one was less than 1%/h. This may indicate that within perennial ryegrass varieties, there is a narrow range of improvement with regard to clearance and degradation rates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92934,"journal":{"name":"Livestock production science","volume":"96 2","pages":"Pages 239-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55264344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of weight gain and food intake with leukocyte sub-sets in Large White pigs","authors":"M. Clapperton,&nbsp;S.C. Bishop,&nbsp;N.D. Cameron,&nbsp;E.J. Glass","doi":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Associations between productivity and a range of immune traits were tested by multiple regression analysis on 128 Large White pigs (62 male, 66 female). Daily weight gain, daily feed intake, and efficiency (i.e. weight gain/feed intake), assessed from 14 to 24 weeks of age, were the productivity traits. Total and differential white blood cell count and leukocyte sub-sets positive for CD4, CD8, CD11R1, gamma delta T cells, B cell, and monocyte markers, all measured at 18 and 24 weeks, were the immune traits. At 24 weeks of age, higher percentages of monocytes were associated with a decrease in daily weight gain. Higher percentages of B cells were associated with a decrease in daily feed intake. Higher percentages of CD11R1 positive cells were associated with a decrease in daily weight gain and a decrease in efficiency. Relationships at the age of 18 weeks were similar, but slightly less significant. Associations between the numbers of monocytes, MIL-4 positive cells and B cells and certain performance traits were also observed at the age of 24 weeks. Overall, these results indicate an association between productivity and certain immune traits. We suggest that the observed associations between these immune traits and performance could be due to the impact of sub-clinical infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92934,"journal":{"name":"Livestock production science","volume":"96 2","pages":"Pages 249-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55264402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of pymarc as a nitrogen source for grazing dairy calves","authors":"J.M. Waweru ,&nbsp;S.A. Abdulrazak ,&nbsp;T.A. Onyango ,&nbsp;T. Fujihara","doi":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A study was conducted to determine optimal levels of pymarc inclusion as a protein supplement to <em>Chloris gayana</em> during the dry season. Forty Friesian dairy calves of 65<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->7 kg weight, 20 each of males and females, were randomly allocated to a 10-diet treatment in a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement. The treatment diets were: control, 7.5, 15, 22.5, and 30 g DM/kg W^0.75 pymarc, with (PBM) or without molasses (PB). Live weight gains, intake, diet digestibility, rumen pH, and rumen ammonia nitrogen were assessed in the 60-day experiment. Herbage intake did not differ (<em>P</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0.05) among the treatments. Total intake was in the range of 2072–2636 g/day, diet digestibility 565–582 g/kg, and ADG 157–330 g/day, and differed (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05) with supplementation. The results showed that rumen pH did not differ significantly (<em>P</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0.05) between the treatments, ranging between 6.97 and 7.17. Rumen NH₃–N control groups PB and PBM had 109.9 and 106.5 mg/l, respectively, while those supplemented increased linearly (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05) to 166.5 and 177.14 mg/l, respectively, at the highest level of supplementation. The nutritional profile and potential degradation level of pymarc as well as the performance of calves indicate the latent value as a supplement in providing nitrogen to poor-quality basal diets in the dry season.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92934,"journal":{"name":"Livestock production science","volume":"96 2","pages":"Pages 233-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55264478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO-Synch enhances time to ovulation, cyclicity and pregnancy in anovulatory lactating Bos taurus/Bos indicus cows","authors":"Concepción Ahuja,&nbsp;Felipe Montiel","doi":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Induction of ovulation for timed artificial insemination (TAI) was evaluated in postpartum anovulatory and lactating <em>Bos taurus</em>/<em>Bos indicus</em> cows (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->50). Palpation per rectum and transrectal ultrasonography were used on days −<!--> <!-->30, −<!--> <!-->20, −<!--> <!-->10 and 0 (day 0<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->start of treatment) to confirm the anovulatory status but with ovarian follicles ≥<!--> <!-->10 mm on day 0, and on the days of PGF_2α injection and pregnancy diagnosis to determine rates of ovulation and induction of cyclicity. Cows were randomly assigned to: (1) CO-Synch (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->25; day 0, 200 μg GnRH; day 7, 150 μg PGF_2α; day 9, 200 μg GnRH<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->TAI) and (2) control (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->25; no treatment). Rates of ovulation for the first GnRH injection, pregnancy and cyclicity induction were greater for CO-Synch (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05). There was no effect of body condition score (BCS) (<em>P</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0.05). In conclusion, the CO-Synch protocol resulted in acceptable rates of cyclicity induction and pregnancy to TAI in anovulatory and lactating <em>B. taurus</em>/<em>B. indicus</em> cows under tropical conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92934,"journal":{"name":"Livestock production science","volume":"96 2","pages":"Pages 279-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55264862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of silage made from primary or regrowth grass and protein supplementation on dairy cow performance","authors":"H. Khalili ,&nbsp;A. Sairanen ,&nbsp;J. Nousiainen ,&nbsp;P. Huhtanen","doi":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effects of protein supplementation on silages made either from primary or regrowth grass (<em>Phleum pratense</em>–<em>Festuca pratensis</em>) and interaction effects between the silage type and protein supplementation were studied in an experiment with dairy cows. The silages were fed ad libitum and supplemented with concentrates (11 kg/day) containing different proportions of grain and rapeseed cake (RSC) R0 (100/0), R1 (890/110), R2 (780/220) and R3 (670/330), and having different crude protein (CP) contents (g/kg DM) 138 (R0), 162 (R1), 186 (R2) and 211 (R3). A cyclic cross-over design experiment was conducted with 16 cows, 8 diets and 4 periods. The silage made from primary grass (PG) had higher energy (11.3 vs. 10.0 ME) and CP (234 vs. 156 g/kg DM) contents compared to silage made from regrowth grass (RG). On PG diets the cows consumed 1.4 kg DM more silage and produced 2.4 kg more milk and 94 g more milk protein than cows on RG diets, but utilization of energy and absorbed amino acids (AA) was lower (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001) compared to those on RG diets. Increased RSC content in the diets increased the intake of silage (from 9.4 to 10.7 kg DM) and absorbed AA (from 1748 to 2051 g) and the milk yield (2.3 kg, <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.01) linearly. Concerning the energy-corrected milk (ECM) yield, there was a linear effect (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001), a tendency to a quadratic effect (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.09) and a cubic effect (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05). In the protein yield there were both linear (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001) and quadratic (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05) effects. Utilization of CP decreased linearly (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001). There was a significant interaction effect on energy utilization (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.035), because when the two highest levels of RSC were included in the PG diets, the energy utilization decreased. There was no interaction effect on the utilization of absorbed AA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92934,"journal":{"name":"Livestock production science","volume":"96 2","pages":"Pages 269-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.02.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55264959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dressing percentage and its relationship with some components of the fifth quarter in Portuguese cattle breeds","authors":"J.A. Simões,&nbsp;J.F.F. Mira,&nbsp;J.P.C. Lemos,&nbsp;I.A. Mendes","doi":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.01.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.01.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dressing percentage, inter-breed variations and its relationship to carcass fat and several components of the fifth quarter (visceral fat, alimentary tract, visceral organs, hide, feet and head) were studied. A total of 165 animals from the large (Alentejana, Mirandesa and Marinhoa) and small (Arouquesa, Barrosã, Maronesa and Mertolenga) breeds, submitted to the same feeding regime and serially slaughtered according to the respective size group, were involved. In relation to dressing percentage, our results indicated that, as the empty body weight increased, carcass fat and visceral fat were not directly accounted for by the 5% increase in dressing percentage from the first to the last slaughter point. The alimentary tract and hide, which exhibited a decreasing proportion as empty body weight increased, accounted for most of the variation in dressing: alimentary tract, alone, accounted for 0.61 and hide accounted for an additional 0.13. As regards dressing differences between breeds, at the same carcass subcutaneous fat level (42 g/kg carcass weight), our findings show that the two large breeds (Marinhoa and Mirandesa) had the highest values (about 3.5% more), which were significantly different from small breeds. However, Alentejana, also a large breed, showed a value for dressing close to the small breeds. The lowest proportion of visceral organs and hide in large breeds accounted for most of the differences between large and small breeds. Carcass fat, visceral fat, alimentary tract, feet and head tended towards homogeneity. In relation to carcass fat only, Mertolenga, with 31 g/kg empty body weight, was significantly different from Mirandesa and Marinhoa. Regarding visceral fat, only the Marinhoa breed, with 10 g/kg empty carcass weight lower, was significantly different from Barrosã. The figures for alimentary tract, excepted for Marinhoa, were not significant different between breeds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92934,"journal":{"name":"Livestock production science","volume":"96 2","pages":"Pages 157-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.01.016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55264165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}