International journal of immunology and immunotherapy最新文献

{"title":"The Expression Patterns of Some Pro-inflammatory and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines Genes Pre and Post Acute Exercise","authors":"E. F. Alfred, O. C. Chinedum, I. Martins, Akosile Christopher Olusanjo, E. I. Joy, Nancy Ibeh Chitogu, U. Rose, Osakue Nosa, Ekpe Elijah Chukwuemeka","doi":"10.11648/J.IJI.20170504.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJI.20170504.13","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to determine the expression patterns of some pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes in some young male undergraduates that passed through exhaustive exercise using the Bruce protocol for sub-maximal acute exercise as studies have shown that exhaustive exercise activates the release of multiple cytokine genes which modulate the immune responses of stressed individuals. Twenty five (25) healthy young male undergraduates with an average age of 24.3±3 years and body mass index of 22.7±1.8 (Kg/m 2 ) participated fully in the study. Blood samples were collected from the participants before commencement of the study, at 1 hour, 4 hours and 24 hours post exercise. Tumor necrosis factor α, interferon gamma and interleukin-10 genes expression patterns were detected using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction methods. Serum cortisol (nmol/L) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The study revealed that eleven (11) out of the twenty-five (25) participants had their tumor necrosis factor α genes up-regulated at 1 hour post exercise and sustained till 24 hours post exercise. Moreover, interferon gamma and interleukin-10 genes were up-regulated at 4 hours post exercise and sustained till 24 hours post exercise in most of the subjects. This study also observed that the cortisol level of the exercised subjects was significantly higher at 1 hour post acute exercise when compared with pre-exercise stage. Acute exercise was associated with an enhanced lymphocytic cell functions which are evidence in the up-regulation patterns of both lymphocytic pro-inflammatory cytokine and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes post exercise.","PeriodicalId":92912,"journal":{"name":"International journal of immunology and immunotherapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86168786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CTLA-4, ICOS, PD1 and PTPN22 Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Autoimmune Hepatitis Type 1","authors":"María del Pilar Fortes, P. Tassinari, I. Machado","doi":"10.11648/j.iji.20170504.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.iji.20170504.12","url":null,"abstract":"Autoimmune hepatitis type 1 (AIH-1) is a progressive inflammatory liver disorder in which HLA Class II gene polymorphism prevails as the most important genetic risk. However, other gene polymorphisms have been associated with this disease. The single nucleotide polymorphisms of four candidate genes (CTLA-4 +49A/G, ICOS c.1564 T/C, PD1.3 G/A, PTPN22 1858C/T) were selected in this study. One-hundred and ninety (190) mestizo Venezuelan unrelated individuals grouped in AIH-1 patients (n=70) and healthy subjects (n=120) were evaluated. Our results showed significantly increased frequency of the PTPN22 1858 C/T (p= 0.0014; pc= 0.0042; OR= 8.7; 99%CI: 1.82-41.54) and ICOS c.1564 T/C (p= 0.070; pc=0.21; OR= 2.08; 95%CI: 1.09-3.93) genotypes in the patient population compared to control group. There was no significant association between CTLA-4 +49A/G and PD1.3 G/A genotypes in both groups. In addition, the PTPN22 1858C/T polymorphism was associated to cirrhosis, treatment relapse, increased IgG levels and co-existence of other autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, the ICOS c.1564 T/C polymorphism was related to higher levels of globulins, IgG and presence of ANA. Conclusion: this data suggest for the first time, that PTPN22 1858 C/T and ICOS c.1564 T/C gene polymorphisms are associated with the development of AIH-1.","PeriodicalId":92912,"journal":{"name":"International journal of immunology and immunotherapy","volume":"10 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85479396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the Anti-HLA Class I and II IgG Antibodies in Moroccan IVIg Using Regular Beads and Ibeads in Luminex Multiplex Single Antigen Immunoassay","authors":"F. E. Hilali, V. Jucaud, H. Hilali, M. H. Bhuiyan, Andrew Mancuso, Nancy LiuSullivan, Abdeslem Elidrissi, H. Mazouz","doi":"10.11648/J.IJI.20170504.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJI.20170504.11","url":null,"abstract":"Therapeutic Immunoglobulin Intravenous (IVIg), approved to treat a wide range of autoimmune and primary immunodeficiency diseases, contain mixture of polyreactive and polyclonal IgG purified from the pooled plasma of thousands of donors. The aim of this study is to characterize the profiles of anti- Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class-I and class-II IgG antibodies in four lots of Moroccan IVIg preparations using Luminex Multiplex Single Antigen Bead Immunoassay and to compare it with the unique high frequency HLA types found in the Moroccan population. Anti-HLA class I IgG profiles were assessed using regular (Labscreen) Beads and iBeads. The regular beads are coated with all conformational and structural variants of HLA-I (HLA heavy chain (HC) with β2-microglobulin (β2m) with or without peptides, β2m-free HC with or without peptides or HC only), quite contrast to iBeads, which contained only native tissue-associated HLA HC with β2m and with or without peptides. The level of antibodies was measured as Mean Fluorescent Intensity (MFI). The reactivity of anti-HLA-I IgG antibodies to different alleles of HLA-I loci differed in their recognition of native HLA-I and other structural variants of the HLA-I. High MFI IgG antibodies in the IVIg corresponded with several high frequency HLA-I alleles (B*0801, B*5001, Cw*0602 and Cw*0702) and HLA-II haplotypes (DQA1*0201-DQB1*0201/DRB1*0301), which accounted for 50% of the total gene frequencies in the Moroccan population. HLA-I reactivity of the IVIg with iBeads confirms that the IgG reacting to normal tissue associated with peptide -associated or -free β2mHC. These findings caution the use of high dose IVIg for the carriers of the high frequency HLA types for it may cause tissue injury. The β2m-free-HC reactivity of IVIg indicates the potential of IVIg to bind to activated T and B cells that express these variants, to suppress antibody production. Such an immunomodulation by IVIg renders benefit for patients with autoimmune diseases and organ transplantation.","PeriodicalId":92912,"journal":{"name":"International journal of immunology and immunotherapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88702755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Sperm Treatment on the Anti-sperm Antibodies IgG and IgA","authors":"L. Helene, Randriamahazo Rakotomalala Toky, Mons Joffrey, Gabriel Marc","doi":"10.11648/J.IJI.20170503.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJI.20170503.12","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-sperm antibodies (ASA) form a class of glycoproteins commonly found in infertile men. This class of antibody causes an impairment of the spermatozoon's ability to cross cervical mucus and interact with the oocyte. The aim of our study was to analyze clinical and biological parameters of the sperm among positive ASA patients seen at the Center of Assisted Medical Procreation of the CHU Reunion before and after in-vitro treatment of autoimmune sperms. During the period from April 01, 2013 to February 29, 2015, we analyzed clinico-biological parameters of patients coming for exploring an infertility state with ASA IgG and IgA research before and after sperm treatment. Fourteen (1.51%) patients had a positive ASA, with a combination of ASA IgG and IgA for 71.42% of them. After in vitro treatment of the autoimmune sperm we found a persistence of IgA in 21.43% without IgG.","PeriodicalId":92912,"journal":{"name":"International journal of immunology and immunotherapy","volume":"35 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90531601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunodiagnostic Potential of an In-Vitro Interferon-Gamma Release Assay for Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Apparently Healthy Individuals in Okada Community, Nigeria","authors":"B. O. Akinshipe, Peter Chinedu Ezeani, K. Digban, F. A. Ehiaghe, E. Adedeji, Joy Imuetinya Ehiaghe","doi":"10.11648/J.IJI.20170503.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJI.20170503.11","url":null,"abstract":"A major challenge in the global Tuberculosis (TB) control is the diagnosis and treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI). In the absence of any reference standard test for the diagnosis of LTBI, this study set out to compare the performance of the two current immune-based tests, Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and Quantiferon–TB Gold In–Tube (QFT-GIT) ELISA in the diagnosis of LTBI. Two sets of diagnostic results for 196 apparently healthy volunteers from a cross-section of Okada Community, Edo State, Nigeria were compared in terms of age, occupation, BCG-vaccination status, prior TST and cigarette smoking history. Overall, 56 (28.6%) and 81 (41.3%) of the subjects were diagnosed with LTBI by the QFT-GIT test and TST respectively. The LTBI prevalence as assessed by the QFT-GIT test was significantly higher among the non-BCG-vaccinated, compared to the BCG-vaccinees (X2=18.79, df=1, p=0.0001). The highest concordance (QFT-GIT+ve/TST+ve) was found in the occupation categories (Ʀ=-0.009, p=0.747) and the highest discordance(QFT-GIT –ve/TST +ve) was with respect to the BCG-vaccination status (Ʀ=-0.194, p=0.046).The disparity in the performance of the two tests is attributable to the high false – positive TST results, which is a direct reflection of high (90.8%) BCG vaccination level among the study population. It is advocated that the two-step testing approach, using the QFT-GIT assay as a confirmatory test for LTBI after initial positive screening by the TST, be introduced into the TB control strategy in TB – laden communities with high BCG vaccination coverage.","PeriodicalId":92912,"journal":{"name":"International journal of immunology and immunotherapy","volume":"13 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84211485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Levels of Serum C - reactive protein and Creatine Kinase-MM in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seropositive Subjects Co-infected with Plasmodium falciparum","authors":"D. Kester, E. F. Alfred","doi":"10.11648/J.IJI.20170502.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJI.20170502.12","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to determine the levels of C-reactive protein and creatine kinase-MM in Nigerian naive (stage 2) HIV seropositive subjects co-infected with Plasmodium falciparum . A total of 204 subjects (aged between 18 and 45 years) were randomly studied. Among these were 74 naive (stage 2) HIV seropositive subjects (confirmed by Western blot method), 70 naive (stage 2) HIV seropositive subjects co-infected with P. falciparum (confirmed by Western blot and microscopic methods respectively) and 60 apparently healthy individuals (confirmed to be negative for Human immunodeficiency virus and P. falciparum by Western blot and microscopic methods respectively). Absolute lymphocyte counts was estimated using Sysmex® Automated Hematology Analyzer, whereas CD4 + cell count was estimated using Partec® Cyflow Counter. C-reactive protein and creatine kinase was estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. The creatine kinase-MM and C-reactive protein concentrations were significantly higher in HIV seropositive subjects co-infected with malaria when compared with the controls subjects (P = 0.000) respectively. Whereas the absolute lymphocyte counts and CD4 + T cell counts were significantly lower in HIV seropositive subjects co-infected with malaria when compared with the controls subjects (P = 0.000). The increased expression of C- reactive protein and creatine kinase-MM coupled with the decrease in absolute lymphocyte and CD4 + cell counts significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of HIV and P. falciparum infections.","PeriodicalId":92912,"journal":{"name":"International journal of immunology and immunotherapy","volume":"45 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85837997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome Changes Associated with Protective Immunity in T and B Cell-Deficient Rag1 -/- Mutant Zebrafish","authors":"Aparna Krishnavajhala, Preeti J. Muire, L. Hanson, H. Wan, F. McCarthy, A. Zhou, L. Petrie‐Hanson","doi":"10.11648/J.IJI.20170502.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJI.20170502.11","url":null,"abstract":"To elucidate the basis of protective immunity in T and B cell deficient rag1 -/- mutant zebrafish, we conducted microarray analysis of 15,617 genes from rag1 -/- mutant zebrafish 48 hours after a primary response and 48 hours after a secondary response. Following primary exposure, the highest fold expression differences (3.8 to 4.95) were genes for serum amyloid A, chemokine CCL-C5a (CCL-19a), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1b, interferon regulatory factor 11, and myxovirus resistance A. Strong induction of these genes demonstrated that primary immune responses and innate immune cells were not impaired in T and B cell deficient mutant zebrafish. Following bacterial re-exposure, the highest fold expression differences (2 to 3 fold) were in chemokine CCL-C5a (CCL-19a), myomegalin, bone morphogenetic protein 4, and relaxin 3a. These genes are involved in the immune response and cell proliferation. Genes for cell receptor activation and signal transduction, cell proliferation and cytotoxic functions were also up-regulated. These findings suggest receptor activation and expansion of a cell population. Increased ifnγ expression at 48 hpi was associated with both primary and secondary immune responses.","PeriodicalId":92912,"journal":{"name":"International journal of immunology and immunotherapy","volume":"66 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89333702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Immunisation Dropout Rates in Eight Hard to Reach Unions of Maulvibazar District, Bangladesh","authors":"K. Habib","doi":"10.11648/J.IJI.20170501.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJI.20170501.12","url":null,"abstract":"In spite of major achievements in the immunisation sector challenges still remain for the program in Bangladesh, specially to maximize coverage and minimize dropout rates in its Hard to Reach areas. Maulvibazar, a northeastern district of the Bangladesh is one of the 64 districts in the country. In the year 2014 valid vaccination coverage by age of 12 months among 12-23 Month-Old Children in the district for Penta-1 and for Penta-3 was 89.3% and 89.6% respectively and for MR vaccine it was 80.3%. Dropout rate for Penta1-Penta3 vaccines was 3.9% and Penta1-MR vaccine was 8.7% in the same year, which is respectively 2% and 2.9% higher than national dropout rate. This study aims to determine the dropout rate for immunisation services in Maulvibazar district over a period of one year using Penta1 to Penta3 and Penta1 to MR vaccine. The study was carried out from January 2015 to December 2015 in eight hard to reach unions of Maulvibazar district over a period of one year. Using the individual union coverage data and immunisation monitoring chart, dropout rates have been calculated among children less than one year of age in the selected unions. When Penta1 and Penta3 vaccine dropout rate is calculated in four months interval it was not statistically significant (P=0.267). But when Penta1 and MR dropout rate has been calculated in the same period of time it has shown strong significance in dropout rate (P=0.012). When total number of children receiving Penta1, Penta3 and MR vaccines has been plotted, it has shown a gradual increase in vaccination coverage from January to December. Dropout rates found in this study in selected eight hard to reach unions are very minimal for Penta1-Penta3 vaccine. But for MR vaccine the dropout rates are much alarming. The reason for lower immunisation coverage and higher dropout rates could well be the distance of near by health facilities from these hard to reach areas, bad road conditions and lack of knowledge about vaccination and vaccine preventable diseases.","PeriodicalId":92912,"journal":{"name":"International journal of immunology and immunotherapy","volume":"27 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81078620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polio Eradication in Bangladesh: Evaluation of AFP Surveillance Indicators, 2011-2015","authors":"K. Habib","doi":"10.11648/J.IJI.20170501.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJI.20170501.13","url":null,"abstract":"As per recommendation from WHO, Bangladesh began a comprehensive plan for AFP (Acute Flaccid Paralysis) and EPI (Expanded Program on Immunisation) disease surveillance from 1997. The country has been maintaining key performance indicators for AFP surveillance for the past ten years. Bangladesh has been declared polio free on 27 th March 2014. The aim of this paper is to evaluate and describe results of AFP surveillance indicators for Bangladesh showing the progress made over time as well as identifying areas, which needs further improvements to maintain the polio free status. This retrospective study has been conducted using the surveillance data routinely collected from AFP cases on demographic characteristics and clinical & laboratory examination. Data of 7480 children less than 15 years old reported between January 2011 to December 2015 have been included in this study. Among all reported cases 59.22% cases were male children with a male: female ratio of 1.45:1. 54% of the reported AFP cases within the study period belong to 1-4 years of age. Among all reported cases, 56% have been diagnosed with Guillain-Barre Syndrome or GBS. Annual Non-Polio AFP rate has been successfully achieved nationally for each study year. Completeness and Timeliness of passive reporting from facilities have been satisfactory. 98% or more of all reported AFP cases within the study period has been investigated within 48 hours of notification. For over 95% of all reported AFP cases two stool samples were collected within 14 days of case reporting. 60 plus day follow up has been performed for at least 99% reported AFP cases within the study period. All epidemiological and laboratory surveillance indicators were successfully met for AFP surveillance. However it is important for Bangladesh to maintain long-term AFP case based surveillance along with introduction of Environmental surveillance due to the risk of poliovirus importation before global polio eradication.","PeriodicalId":92912,"journal":{"name":"International journal of immunology and immunotherapy","volume":"34 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90512867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Erythrocyte Allo-Immunization to Sickle Cell Disease Patients Followed in Transfusion Therapy Unit of the National Blood Transfusion Center of Abidjan Côte D’Ivoire","authors":"Y. Sékongo, A. Kouacou, G. S. Kouamenan, K. Kassogue, L. Siransy-Bogui, P. N'guessan, N. C. Danho, O. R. Yéboah, A. Adou, S. R. Dassé, S. Konaté","doi":"10.11648/J.IJI.20170501.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJI.20170501.11","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to evaluate the frequency of post-transfusion anti-erythrocyte allo-immunization to sickle cell patients in order to propose strategies of optimal blood safety in Coted'Ivoire. It is a prospective study (January to December 2013) of patients with major sickle cell disease enrolled in the transfusion therapy unit of the National Blood Transfusion Center (CNTS)in Abidjan. The reed blood cells have been phenotyped and compatibilized by indirect Coombs test in the ABO and Rh Kel systems. The search for irregular antibodies was performed before each transfusion episode. The incidence of post-transfusion anti-erythrocyte allo-immunization to the sickle cell disease patients were high (12/42 or 28.6%). We identified 14 allo-antibodies essentially anti-Rh specificity (12/14) with a high prevalence of anti-E allo-antibodies (6/14) and anti-C (4/14). None anti-Kel antibodies was found. This study raises the risk of allo-immunization in non-phenotyped and non-compatibilized transfusions, especially in sickle cell multitransfused. The erythrocyte phenotyping should be systematic to all major sickle cell patients.","PeriodicalId":92912,"journal":{"name":"International journal of immunology and immunotherapy","volume":"33 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90734357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}