Annual review of fish diseases最新文献_第2页

Phenotypic and pathobiological characteristics of Pasteurella piscicida 淡鱼巴氏杆菌的表型和病理生物学特征

Annual review of fish diseases Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90005-8

Beatriz Magariños, Alicia E. Toranzo, Jesús L. Romalde

引用次数: 117

Diseases encountered in rainbow trout cultured in recirculating systems 在循环系统中养殖虹鳟鱼时遇到的疾病

Annual review of fish diseases Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90006-X

Alicia C. Noble, Steven T. Summerfelt

{"title":"Diseases encountered in rainbow trout cultured in recirculating systems","authors":"Alicia C. Noble, Steven T. Summerfelt","doi":"10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90006-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90006-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recirculating systems create unique environments for fish culture which may provide favorable conditions for disease occurrence or the reproduction of opportunistic microorganisms. Stressful conditions in recirculating systems, such as poor water quality or high stocking densities in the culture tanks, may contribute to disease outbreaks. Non-infectious problems, including high levels of ammonia, nitrites, carbon dioxide, suspended solids, or ozone residual levels have also caused mortalities in recirculating systems. The diseases encountered in rainbow trout (<em>O. mykiss</em>) cultured in recirculating systems include: those caused by bacteria (bacterial gill disease, furunculosis, bacterial kidney disease, fin rot), parasites (<em>Gyrodactylus, Chilodonella, Trichodina, Epistylis, Trichophrya, Ichthyopthirius, Ichtyobodo</em>, proliferative kidney disease, amoebic gill infestation, <em>Coleps</em>), fungi (<em>Saprolegnia</em>), and viruses (infectious pancreatic necrosis, viral hemorrhagic septicemia, and infectious hematopoietic necrosis). Treatments with chemotherapeutants in the water or feed in a recirculating system present special considerations; the main one is whether the biofilter will be treated and how the chemicals could affect its function. Management practices designed to prevent the occurrence of diseases or the degradation of water quality are critical to a successful recirculating facility. The introduction of known pathogens with infected fish should be prevented either by hatching eggs at the facility from disease-free broodstock, or by purchasing fingerlings from disease-free certified broodstock and by creating a quarantine period. Each recirculating facility should design a protocol for prevention of and control of fish diseases with the aid of a fish health professional, based on the generally accepted principles of fish health management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92872,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of fish diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 65-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90006-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56373670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 94

The immunotoxicity of environmental contaminants to marine wildlife: A review 环境污染物对海洋野生动物的免疫毒性研究进展

Annual review of fish diseases Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90011-3

Peter S. Ross , Rik L. De Swart , Henk Van Loveren , Albert D.M.E. Osterhaus , Joseph G. Vos

{"title":"The immunotoxicity of environmental contaminants to marine wildlife: A review","authors":"Peter S. Ross , Rik L. De Swart , Henk Van Loveren , Albert D.M.E. Osterhaus , Joseph G. Vos","doi":"10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90011-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90011-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Virus-associated mass mortalities among several marine mammal populations inhabiting industrialized coastal areas have generated an interest in wildlife immunotoxicology. Despite the isolation of previously uncharacterized viruses from victims, a contribution of immunotoxic contaminants to the severity of the outbreaks could not be ruled out. Fish-eating marine mammals, including seals, occupy high trophic levels in the aquatic food chain, and accumulate high levels of contaminants including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-<em>p</em>-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Such chemicals have been found to be immunotoxic at low doses in studies of laboratory animals. While associations have been established between environmental contaminants and various adverse biological effects in certain free-ranging seal populations, evidence for immunotoxicity has, until recently, been lacking. To this end, we carried out an immunotoxicological study, in which captive harbor seals were fed herring from either relatively uncontaminated sites of the Atlantic Ocean, or from the highly contaminated Baltic Sea. In this review, we summarize the contaminant-related immunosuppression observed in the captive group of seals fed herring from the Baltic Sea, and discuss these results in the context of what is currently known about outbreaks of virus infection, comparative immunology, and environmental contaminants. We also describe two parallel studies, in which laboratory rats exposed as adults or perinatally to the contaminants in the Baltic Sea herring, exhibited immunotoxicity. On the basis of these and other studies, we conclude that complex mixtures of environmental contaminants may represent a real immunotoxic risk to free-ranging marine mammals in many areas of Europe and North America.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92872,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of fish diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 151-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90011-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56373977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 70

Signal transduction mediated by antigen receptors on teleost lymphocytes 硬骨鱼淋巴细胞抗原受体介导的信号转导

Annual review of fish diseases Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90014-9

Karen G. Burnett

{"title":"Signal transduction mediated by antigen receptors on teleost lymphocytes","authors":"Karen G. Burnett","doi":"10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90014-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90014-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To generate an adaptive response from the mammalian immune system requires that antigen bind to cognate receptors on T and B cells, a process which activates intracellular signaling pathways. Crosslinking the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) ultimately activates cell proliferation in both higher and lower vertebrates. Recent studies suggest that many functional components of these intracellular pathways were evolutionarily conserved among the vertebrates. Antibody-mediated crosslinking of surface immunoglobulin leads to tyrosine phosphorylation on presumptive accessory molecules of the teleost BCR as well as several intracellular proteins. Crosslinking the teleost BCR also triggers calcium influx and activation of protein kinase C (PKC) which are hallmark components of the phosphatidyl inositol signal transduction pathway in mammalian lymphocytes. The activation of teleost PKC ultimately generates dually-phosphorylated forms of mitogen activated protein kinase. The latter enzyme is viewed as a key cytoplasmic control point for integrating signals arriving from several kinase/phosphatase pathways in mammalian cells. Preliminary evidence suggests that intracellular signaling mediated through antigen receptor complexes may be very sensitive to external factors, including heavy metals such as mercuric chloride which can alter calcium flux and tyrosine phosphorylation patterns in teleost leukocytes. As the process of lymphocyte activation in teleost fish is better understood, it may be possible to provide aquaculturists, environmental regulators and fisheries managers with better information on those natural and man-made conditions which interfere with the development of protective immune responses in natural and captive finfish populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92872,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of fish diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 193-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90014-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56374010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Dedication 奉献

Annual review of fish diseases Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90001-0

Ron Hedrick

引用次数: 0

Marine invertebrate immunodefense responses: Molecular and cellular approaches in tunicates 海洋无脊椎动物免疫防御反应:被囊动物的分子和细胞方法

Annual review of fish diseases Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90010-1

Edwin L. Cooper , M.H. Mansour , H.I. Negm

{"title":"Marine invertebrate immunodefense responses: Molecular and cellular approaches in tunicates","authors":"Edwin L. Cooper , M.H. Mansour , H.I. Negm","doi":"10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90010-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90010-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The reason for analyzing tunicate recognition systems is two-fold. First, they can be established as primitive models for understanding fundamental immunological mechanisms by analyzing either their individual cells <em>in vivo</em> or <em>in vitro</em>. Discovered mechanisms could provide alternatives to traditional mammalian (mouse, rat) and emerging models (fish, amphibians) in answering basic questions concerning immunity and disease. Moreover, their advantages lie in: (a) the simplicity of primitive systems (minimal hemopoietic sites), allowing a more effective dissection of variables; (b) their limited expense when compared to experimentation using vertebrates; and (c) their being socially non-controversial. Second, techniques of cell and molecular biology are equally applicable to tunicates as invertebrate models. Despite the considerable advances of recent years, many fundamental or conceptual aspects of immunological reactivity remain unresolved. A clear understanding of the system's evolutionary past will help to elucidate mechanisms which are complex and difficult to decipher in mammals, as we postulate, the immunorecognition systems of vertebrates evolved from simpler systems. Then tunicate immunodefense responses are excellent examples for analyses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92872,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of fish diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 133-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90010-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56373959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Poul Erik Vestergaard Jorgensen 1938–1995

Annual review of fish diseases Pub Date : 1995-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0959-8030(95)90001-2

Jim Winton

引用次数: 1

Surface immobilization antigens of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis: Their role in protective immunity 多棘鱼表面固定化抗原在保护性免疫中的作用

Annual review of fish diseases Pub Date : 1995-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0959-8030(95)00005-4

Theodore G. Clark, Tian-Long Lin, Harry W. Dickerson

{"title":"Surface immobilization antigens of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis: Their role in protective immunity","authors":"Theodore G. Clark, Tian-Long Lin, Harry W. Dickerson","doi":"10.1016/0959-8030(95)00005-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0959-8030(95)00005-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In response to infection with the pathogenic ciliate <em>Ichthyophthirius multifiliis</em>, fish produce serum and mucus antibodies that immobilize the parasite <em>in vitro</em>. The antigens responsible for this phenomenon (referred to as immobilization antigens, or i-antigens) are thought to be involved in protective immunity and are being studied in connection with efforts to develop subunit vaccines. Using mammalian antibodies, the i-antigens of <em>Ichthyophthirius</em> have been identified as a family of related surface proteins with M<sub>r</sub>'s in the 40–60 kDA range. The amino acid sequence deduced from a 1.2 kb cDNA encoding a member of this family predicts a protein with a highly periodic structure characteristic of the i-antigens of the free-living ciliates, <em>Paramecium</em> and <em>Tetrahymena</em>. To date, four distinct immobilization serotypes of <em>I. multifiliis</em> have been identified. Northern hybridization studies indicate that i-antigen genes of <em>Ichthyophthirius</em> are developmentally regulated during the parasite life cycle and are expressed at extraordinarily high levels in the infective stage. Synthesis of i-antigen mRNA transcripts may also be accompanied by novel RNA processing events. A role for the i-antigens in protective immunity is strongly suggested by the results of passive immunization studies with immobilizing monoclonal antibodies (i-mAbs). Following intraperitoneal injection of naïve channel catfish, i-mAbs confer complete protection against an otherwise lethal parasite challenge. In conjunction with ELISA and <em>in vitro</em> immobilization assays, passive immunization experiments indicate that protection requires the presence of antibody at the site of infection (that is, at the surface of fish). The results of these studies are discussed in the light of current knowledge about mechanisms of protection against <em>I. multifiliis</em>, and a model of surface immunity is presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92872,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of fish diseases","volume":"5 ","pages":"Pages 113-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0959-8030(95)00005-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54226400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 49

DedicationPoul Erik Vestergaard Jorgensen 1938–1995 1938年至1995年Poul Erik Vestergaard Jorgensen奉献

Annual review of fish diseases Pub Date : 1995-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0959-8030(95)90001-2

J. Winton

引用次数: 0

Potential applications of molecular biology to the study of fish mycobacteriosis 分子生物学在鱼类分枝杆菌病研究中的潜在应用

Annual review of fish diseases Pub Date : 1995-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0959-8030(95)00004-6

Robert Belas, Patrick Faloon, Amanda Hannaford

{"title":"Potential applications of molecular biology to the study of fish mycobacteriosis","authors":"Robert Belas, Patrick Faloon, Amanda Hannaford","doi":"10.1016/0959-8030(95)00004-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0959-8030(95)00004-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fish mycobacteriosis is a chronic bacterial disease that has the potential for infecting most fish species from both freshwater and saltwater habitats. The causative agents of fish mycobacteriosis are three species of <em>Mycobacterium: M. chelonae, M. fortuitum</em>, and <em>M. marinum</em>. Infections of fish by these bacteria result in a slow, degenerative disease with symptoms that include wasting, fading of color, exophthalmia, and frequently, granulomas and other types of skin ulcers. The disease is transmissible from fish to fish and also from fish to man, where the bacteria produce a potentially serious medical condition. Little is known about the molecular biological aspects of the disease or the host-pathogen interactions. Using the knowledge gained from recent advances in the study of <em>M. tuberculosis</em> and other human mycobacterial pathogens, we suggest a set of strategies to begin a molecular biological study of fish mycobacteriosis. Although no conclusions may be drawn at this early stage in understanding this disease, the prospects are very good that the techniques of molecular biology will shed light on this longstanding and misunderstood disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92872,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of fish diseases","volume":"5 ","pages":"Pages 133-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0959-8030(95)00004-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54226393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 43