Ergonomics international journal最新文献

{"title":"ADAS: Should we be too Reliant for Driver Safety?","authors":"Biswas R","doi":"10.23880/eoij-16000310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/eoij-16000310","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced driver assistance systems has come a long way since its inception. It has evolved many folds and has now entered many mid-range vehicles. This article appraises certain features of ADAS as well as its’ pros and cons. Emphasizing the vital parts of this system, this article also highlights the challenges ahead and way forward.","PeriodicalId":92777,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics international journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68920387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transportation-Related Human Factors in High-Altitude Regions: Review, Needs, and Novelties","authors":"Easa Sm","doi":"10.23880/eoij-16000307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/eoij-16000307","url":null,"abstract":"The low pressure at high altitudes (above 2500 m) causes hypoxia (decreased oxygen) that affects people’s physiological and psychological characteristics. Specifically, hypoxia may affect the neural function of the brain, leading to severe cognitive deficits and a significant decline in memory function and attention. This article addresses the effect of human factors on transportation design and operation at high altitudes (HA), with some details on the Tibet-China region. Specifically, the paper first reviews the basic transportation-related concepts for high altitude, including oxygen and temperature levels, driver perception-reaction time, hazard perception, vehicle speed, and walking speed. Then, the transportation users affected by high altitudes are discussed, including drivers, pedestrians, cyclists, passengers, and others. Next, the impacts of human factors on highway design and operation for HA regions are discussed along with the research needs. Finally, recent innovations to address the challenges of HA transportation are presented, along with case studies comparing some human factors of the plateau and plain areas. This article represents a valuable reference for future research in HA regions to improve transportation design and safety","PeriodicalId":92777,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics international journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68920279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Steering Geometry of Remote Control Agricultural Vehicle","authors":"Yadav R","doi":"10.23880/eoij-16000303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/eoij-16000303","url":null,"abstract":"For any vehicle, steering mechanism is important one, in this research discuss importance of steering mechanism, what kind of steering mechanism used. For designing Unmanned remote control agricultural vehicle is rear wheel drive vehicle and front wheel is used for steer or turn the vehicle, but challenge for designing this type of vehicle is that unmanned remote control agricultural vehicle is not only working in flat road surface but it’s also used in agricultural field also. Another challenge was to working of steering system very fluently and reliable for farmer. The maximum steering effort was found 101.53 N for single wheel and angle for inner and outer wheel was 45.24° and 30.74° respectively. We have also found the turning radius of vehicle was 1490 mm.","PeriodicalId":92777,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics international journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68920226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Job Stress and Musculoskeletal Disorders among Midwives","authors":"Mohammadian M","doi":"10.23880/eoij-16000308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/eoij-16000308","url":null,"abstract":"Job stresses can increase the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in midwifery job, and reduce the efficiency and quality of their services. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of MSDs among midwives and to examine the relationship between job stress and the prevalence of MSDs in different regions their body. This was descriptiveanalytical and cross-sectional study. The study population included all midwives working in public and private hospitals of Kerman in 2019. According to the research community, 74 midwives were selected as a sample of research, by Census method. For data collection, Standard Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and Altmeyer job stress questionnaire were used. The data were analyzed with descriptive and analytical statistics (Pearson correlation, t-test and Chi square test) methods by SPSS 16 software. In this study 78.4 % of subjects had experienced discomfort or pain in the past 12 months at least in one body part. The most frequent symptoms of MSDs were observed in the three parts of body, feet with a frequency of 39.2% (29 persons), and knees and back each one 35.1% (26 persons). Also in this study, the relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and job stress was dignificant (P<0.05). According to the result of this research, it can be concluded that job stresses can presumably intensify physical side effects including musculoskeletal disorders. Also, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in midwives under studied was high. Therefore, holding training courses about standard body postures while doing job tasks and avoiding inappropriate body posture will be important.","PeriodicalId":92777,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics international journal","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68920296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How do Vehicle Automated Features Help or Hurt Driving Performance?","authors":"Easa Sm","doi":"10.23880/eoij-16000300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/eoij-16000300","url":null,"abstract":"It is anticipated that vehicles having automated features of Level 0 to Level 5 will coexist in the future. However, many people are unsure what role, if any, human drivers will play at these levels. How do these automated features affect drivers' performances? This article attempts to answer this question by reviewing critical information from human-automation system characteristics of vehicles with specific automated features (AV). Essential facts about the differences in functional features between human drivers and systems and automated features at various levels were clarified and summarized, including their characteristics, roles, and technical AV structures. Finally, drivers’ performances at all automation levels were discussed. This review provides the insight needed to understand how the automated features affect drivers' performances and to what extent. The results indicate that drivers’ performance does not improve as the automated level upgrades. Compared with no automation, active-safety and high automation can achieve lower workload and better driving performances for drivers. In contrast, driver assistance and partial/conditional automation impose more increased workloads and unstable (even risky) driving performance.","PeriodicalId":92777,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics international journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68920197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practice of Proper Body Mechanics and Ergonomics in a Teaching Hospital, South-South, Nigeria","authors":"Madume Ak","doi":"10.23880/eoij-16000309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/eoij-16000309","url":null,"abstract":"Over 59 million healthcare workers are prone to occupational hazards including biological, physical, ergonomic, environmental and psychosocial and practicing proper body mechanics will determine how well, safe and far every worker will go in the course of his or her job. The aim of this study was to assess how well hospital workers practice proper body mechanics and ergonomics while carrying out their official duties. A descriptive design with sample size of 390 was used and the data was collected using researcher-modified questionnaires. Frequency of each demographic variable across the questions was determined on the average of 57.7% practice of ergonomics and body mechanics by the health workers. Inferential statistics of Chi-square was considered at 0.05 level of significance to determine the relationship between the demographic variables and the questions on practice and analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solution, version 21. The result showed [“straightening of knees and bending of back when lifting an object from the floor” - marital status (P = 0.025), occupation (P = 0.036) and working years (P = 0.024)], [“using of the principles of body mechanics during the procedure for removing a patient from bed to chair and vice versa” - sex (P = 0.001) and working years (P = 0.000)], [“having seat at work with a forward protrusion at the waist (low back) area” - sex (P = 0.040) and occupation (P = 0.001)], [“standing to carry out one’s duties” - occupation (P = 0.000) and educational qualification (P = 0.002) and [“how long standing on a stretch without sitting down” - occupation (P = 0.000) and working years (P = 0.034)]. Other results are; [“asking for help from a friend when trying to lift big patient or object” - occupation (P = 0.001)], “having work tables close to their chest level when seated” - marital status (P = 0.050)], [“their feet touching the ground when seated” - occupation (P = 0.010)], [“having their seat at work with an arm/ back rest” - working years (P = 0.012)], [“sitting upright to do work” - working years (P = 0.008)], [“often get up from their seats to stretch the legs” - educational qualification (P = 0.001)], [“If need be, their chair/table to be changed to conform to their individual structure” - working years (P = 0.008) and [“the type of foot wear they are often comfortable with” - sex (P =0.006)]. It was concluded that healthcare workers in Rivers State do not practice proper body mechanics and those that do are as a result of their occupation and working years.","PeriodicalId":92777,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics international journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68920362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Very Brief History of Risk Idea","authors":"Pinto Afn","doi":"10.23880/eoij-16000304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/eoij-16000304","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92777,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics international journal","volume":"293 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68920240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Grip and Pinch Strength Tests","authors":"Mohammadian M","doi":"10.23880/eoij-16000301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/eoij-16000301","url":null,"abstract":"Grip strength measurement data has many applications in health assessment and ergonomic strategies. However, this issue has been neglected by wellness researchers and activists in Iran. Therefore, this study was designed to review the factors affecting grip strength, the protocol and tools necessary for grip strength tests, the validity and reliability of grip strength tests, as well as the databases and forward-looking equations of grip strength. This is a review study. The required information was obtained by searching the International Information Banks of Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, Springer, ProQuest, Google Scholar and PubMed (between 1980to2022). Search keywords were \"hand strength, grip strength, pinch strength, normative data, dynamometer, regression models, and anthropometric measurements\". One hindered and forty relevant articles were found in total 45 of them were reviewed and finally used in this study. In this study, effective demographic and anthropometric factors, measurement instruments, test protocols, validity and reliability of measurement, principles of creating databases of grip strength, and also forward-looking models of these databases were reviewed and results were presented. The measurement of grip strength is performed with the purpose of investigating upper limb disorders, designing hand tools, designing workstations, and determination of the improvement level of different treatments. Demographic characteristics and anthropometric factors, particularly the upper anthropometric dimensions, affected the grip strength. Researchers, ergonomists, therapists, and physicians can benefit from the results of this study","PeriodicalId":92777,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics international journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68920207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pushing and Pulling Tasks: Practical Techniques and Criteria for Measuring and Interpreting Detected Forces Using Digital Versus Traditional Analog Dynamometers. Suggestions for Implementing Standards","authors":"Colombini D","doi":"10.23880/eoij-16000302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/eoij-16000302","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The main objectives of the paper is to compare the measurement of forces during pushing/pulling tasks using digital and analog dynamometers, showing the advantages of the first device and to propose guidelines for measurement interpretation with special attention to practitioners needs. Methods: The paper includes procedures for comparing the reproducibility of analog and digital dynamometers and for determining relationships between measured forces and subjective evaluations using Borg CR-10 Scale. Results: Examples are presented of measurements carried out with digital dynamometers using the original methodology, illustrating advantages and limits. Inter/intra-observer validation tests confirm the advantages of digital over analog dynamometers. Comparisons between measured data and subjective force ratings are presented and confirm good correlations. Conclusion: The results confirm that digital dynamometers, using proposed original methodology, generate more accurate information than analog. The methodology may be useful for future revision of ISO Standard. Open issues are underscored to stimulate additional research.","PeriodicalId":92777,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics international journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68920215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Content and Content-Based Cognitive Ergonomics","authors":"P. Saariluoma","doi":"10.23880/eoij-16000289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/eoij-16000289","url":null,"abstract":"In interacting with technologies, people represent their action and technical artefacts in their minds. The information in their mental representations, i.e., mental contents, explains what people do and why they do it. Therefore, mental contents and its analysis provide a good tool for analyzing several different types of issues in ergonomic. As argumentation is such ergonomic research is grounded on the properties of mental contents one can call this perspective to ergonomics content based cognitive ergonomics.","PeriodicalId":92777,"journal":{"name":"Ergonomics international journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68919872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}