Biotechnology and applied biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Cost-Effective and User-Friendly Pencil Graphite Electrode Immunosensor for Label-Free Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen","authors":"Sevda Akay Sazaklioglu,&nbsp;Hüseyin Çelikkan","doi":"10.1002/bab.70132","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bab.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present a novel, cost-effective sensor for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) detection utilizing a pencil graphite electrode (PGE) in combination with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), which offers high sensitivity and selectivity. Anti-CEA/AuNPs/PGE was successfully illustrated as a label-free impedimetric immunosensor for the detection of CEA. Through EIS, we observed distinct impedance changes upon CEA binding, enabling real-time detection with high reproducibility and low interference from non-target molecules. Due to its satisfying impedimetric response, this new immunosensor demonstrated that it can be used for high-performance detection of CEA with a wide linear range extending from 13.2 to 1 × 10⁵ pg mL⁻¹, with correlation coefficients (<i>R</i>²) of 0.9923. The PGE's excellent conductive properties and surface stability allowed for the successful detection of CEA at low concentrations, demonstrating a detection limit of 4.4 pg mL⁻¹, which is competitive with existing, more costly alternatives. The sensor's robust performance in spiked artificial urine samples indicates its potential for practical application in point-of-care cancer diagnostics, especially in resource-limited environments. The developed electrochemical biosensor holds promise for accurately detecting CEA in urine samples, offering a precise technique that could find valuable application in clinical tumor detection.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":"73 4","pages":"1779-1789"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146003182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Deinococcus radiodurans for Efficient Photocatalytic Biotransformation of Dyes","authors":"Nayana A. Patil,&nbsp;Gaurav A. Khude,&nbsp;Om Pawar","doi":"10.1002/bab.70129","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bab.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we report biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using polyextremophile bacteria <i>Deinococcus radiodurans</i>. Optical and structural properties of the green synthesized silver nanoparticles were investigated by various techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and UV–visible (UV–Vis) absorption spectroscopy. The AgNPs were entrapped in calcium alginate beads and were used for photo decolorization of various charged pollutant dyes, under solar irradiation. In this study, cationic (methylene blue [MB], methyl green [MG]) and anionic (methyl orange [MO]) dyes were used as model dyes. Both AgNPs in suspension and those entrapped in beads could degrade all the three dyes with 100% degradation efficiency in suspension and slightly lower efficiency with beads. The photocatalytic activity of immobilized AgNPs in fabricated column model demonstrates potential application for the removal of dyes from effluents, contributing ultimately to ecological cleanup process and facilitated in recovery and reprocessing. The nanocomposites retained a significant amount of photocatalytic efficiency even after four reuse cycles, and the degradation efficiency followed the order: MB &gt; MO &gt; MG. Additionally, phytotoxicity and cytotoxicity assay was performed to show significant reduction in toxicity of nanoparticle (NP)-assisted degraded cationic and anionic dyes, thereby substantiating the nontoxic nature of the degraded dye. The efficiency of beads entrapped silver NPs as a viable option, for the degradation of harmful organic dyes from the environment, is established in the present study.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":"73 4","pages":"1759-1769"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145958734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide-Doped Selenium Nanocomposite Conjugated With l-Asparaginase Against Human Hepatoma Cell Line","authors":"G. Baskar,&nbsp;K. Keerthana,&nbsp;A. Supriya,&nbsp;R. Pravin,&nbsp;S. Subashini","doi":"10.1002/bab.70147","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bab.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nanocarriers have emerged as promising systems for improving drug-delivery efficiency and advancing diagnostic strategies in cancer treatment. <span>l</span>-asparaginase has well-established antitumor and anti-leukemic properties, but its therapeutic performance is often restricted due to its short biological half-life and poor instability in the unmodified form. The present study investigated the encapsulation of <span>l</span>-asparaginase on a green-synthesized nanocarrier to enhance its overall therapeutic efficacy. The nanocarrier was produced utilizing citrus orange peel extract, which served simultaneously as a reducing, stabilizing, and capping material during the formation of zinc oxide-doped selenium nanoparticles (ZnO-Se-NPs). This eco-friendly synthesis method not only stabilized the nanoparticles but also incorporated naturally occurring phytochemicals, including flavonoids, phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, and carotenoids—that may contribute to additional pharmacological benefits. The synthesized <span>l</span>-asparaginase encapsulated ZnO-Se-NPs (ZnO-Se-Asp) nanocomposite exhibited notable anticancer activity while maintaining low cytotoxicity. The detailed characterization of the nanoparticles was carried out utilizing UV–Vis spectroscopy to confirm the presence of ZnO-Se-Asp, energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for morphological and elemental analysis. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was studied to identify the functional groups, and x-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed to study the crystallinity of synthesized ZnO-Se-Asp nanocomposite. The cytotoxic potential of synthesized ZnO-Se-Asp nanocomposite was estimated using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay through the determined IC₅₀ value, as well as its effects on the cell viability and proliferation were assessed. Finally, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and Caspase-3 activity were performed to determine oxidative stress generation and apoptotic induction. Overall, the results indicated that the green-synthesized ZnO-Se-Asp nanocomposite offers a promising platform capable of improving anticancer efficacy while offering better stability and bioavailability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":"73 4","pages":"1965-1974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147302584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N-3 PUFAs Enhancing Chemotherapy Efficacy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia While Safeguarding Healthy Cells","authors":"Pradnya Gurav,&nbsp;Aruna Sivaram,&nbsp;R. N. Kedar","doi":"10.1002/bab.70137","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bab.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rapidly progressing blood cancer with poor survival rates, necessitating aggressive treatment strategies like chemotherapy. Doxorubicin (DOXO) is commonly used but is limited by severe side effects, including myeloablation, which involves the depletion of bone marrow cells leading to immunosuppression and heightened infection risk. This study explores the potential of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (<i>n</i>-3 PUFAs), specifically docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), to enhance the efficacy of DOXO against AML cells while mitigating some of its toxicities. The results show that DHA and EPA increase the DOXO-induced apoptosis in KG1a cells and greater accumulation in the sub-G1 phase, suggesting enhanced cell death. TUNEL assays confirmed increased DNA fragmentation, whereas mRNA analysis revealed upregulation of apoptosis and cell cycle regulation genes. Importantly, DHA and EPA also reduced the hemolytic activity of DOXO, suggesting a protective effect against chemotherapy-associated side effects. These findings suggest that DHA and EPA could enhance the anti-leukemic impact of DOXO, potentially reducing the need for high-dose chemotherapy and alleviating risks like myeloablation, offering a promising adjunct strategy for AML treatment.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":"73 4","pages":"1844-1861"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146084290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Plumbagin as a Potential Phytochemical to Combat Multidrug Resistance in Bacterial Strains","authors":"Jyoti Deshpande,&nbsp;Amol Phule,&nbsp;Arpita Lenka,&nbsp;Swarupa Hatolkar,&nbsp;Minal Wani","doi":"10.1002/bab.70131","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bab.70131","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The clinical efficacy of existing antibiotics is threatened by the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. In India, traditional herbal medicine has attracted much of the scientific interest and increasing continuously. This study evaluates the antimicrobial activity of crude plumbagin extract (CRPB) from <i>Plumbago auriculata</i> and standard plumbagin (PB) (which is a 98% pure compound from Sigma Aldrich, USA) against <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobactor</i>, and their MDR strains with disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). PB was extracted from leaves of <i>P. auriculata</i> and verified by spectrophotometric and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Standard PB showed the lowest MIC against <i>S. aureus</i> ATCC and its MDR strains B48 and F204 at 64 µg/mL. Although <i>E. coli</i> ATCC had an MIC at 128 µg/mL, and it's MDR U1815, P1189 at 256 µg/mL. <i>K. pneumoniae</i> ATCC and its MDR showed a higher MIC at 128 µg/mL. CRPB showed MIC against <i>S. aureus</i> ATCC (256 µg/mL), B48 (256 µg/mL), and F204 (512 µg/mL). <i>P. aeruginosa</i> ATCC, <i>E. coli</i> ATCC and their MDR strains, and <i>K. pneumoniae</i> ATCC and its MDR P290 were resistant at all the concentrations for CRPB. CRPB showed relatively specific antimicrobial activity, and naphthoquinone compound PB could be mainly responsible for its activity. In the disc diffusion assay, compared to standard streptomycin, CRPB exhibited good activity against <i>S. aureus</i> ATCC (31 mm) and MDR B48 (37 mm), <i>E. coli</i> MDR P1189 (18 mm), and <i>Citrobactor</i> MDR F182 (22 mm). Growth of <i>S. aureus</i> was completely inhibited. PB can be developed as a potential drug candidate after further purification.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":"73 4","pages":"1770-1778"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146149200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computer-Aided Identification and Molecular Interaction Analyses of Annona muricata Acetogenins Against LuxS","authors":"Titilayomi Adewusi,&nbsp;Victor Markus,&nbsp;Chidi W. Nwekwo,&nbsp;Ovgu Isbilen","doi":"10.1002/bab.70135","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bab.70135","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antibiotic resistance, which renders existing antibiotics ineffective against bacterial infections, is among the top-most pressing global public health challenges. A promising strategy to combat bacterial infection without inducing the occurrence of drug resistance is by disrupting quorum sensing (QS)—a complex communication circuit that bacterial pathogens employ to regulate their virulence. Therefore, QS inhibitors have emerged in recent times as potential therapeutic agents against bacterial infections. <i>S</i>-Ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS) is one particularly attractive target in the QS pathway, which synthesizes the signaling molecule that mediates interspecies bacterial communication called autoinducer-2 (AI-2). In this study, we used computational chemistry and drug discovery techniques, molecular docking, drug-likeness, toxicity prediction studies, and interaction profiling to identify bioactive phytochemicals from <i>Annona muricata</i> plant extract as potential anti-QS agents against LuxS. Screening a library of 123 natural acetogenins from <i>A. muricata</i>, we identified gigantetronenin and isoannonacin as promising LuxS inhibitors. The potential inhibitory activity of these compounds against LuxS suggests that they could be explored as QS inhibitors with broad-spectrum activity against bacterial pathogens. These findings highlight the potential of gigantetronenin and isoannonacin as novel therapeutic candidates for combating bacterial infections through QS inhibition.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":"73 4","pages":"1828-1843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyethylene Carboxylates Synthesized via Statistical Optimization: A Biocompatible Polymer Scaffold for Bioactive Conjugation","authors":"Vinay Sagar Verma,&nbsp;Rajesh Choudhary,&nbsp;Amit Alexander,&nbsp;Ajit Kumar Pandey,&nbsp;Aakansha Pandey,&nbsp;Hemant Ramchandra Badwaik,&nbsp; Ajazuddin","doi":"10.1002/bab.70142","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bab.70142","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study aimed to synthesize and evaluate polyethylene carboxylates (PECs) as a biocompatible polymer for drug delivery. The synthesis of PECs has been achieved by making slight modifications through statistical optimization in reaction conditions using the Jones reagent. The transformation has been confirmed by FTIR, NMR, and mass spectroscopy. The synthesized polymer was evaluated for its acute toxicity and ulcerogenic and hemolytic activity. The results revealed that PECs have successfully synthesized and have not shown any toxicity-related mortality. Moreover, PECs did not show any ulcerogenic and hemolytic activity, which was expected due to the presence of two carboxylic groups in the synthesized derivatives. The ease of performing the reaction and mild reagents make it the most suitable condition for synthesizing PECs. Biocompatibility (safety issues) regarding the employability of synthesized PECs has been tested, and the results have supported the same. The availability of the carboxylic group will open possibilities for the conjugation of bioactive compounds. This research work widens the scope for conjugation of most of the bioactive compounds and also proves to be an option for the linkers as they, by themselves, can be directly involved in the formation of polymer–drug conjugates.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":"73 4","pages":"1899-1918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Medical Image Modalities to Detect the Abnormalities in the Spinal Cord Using Thresholding Techniques","authors":"Manjima Saha,&nbsp;Goldina Ghosh","doi":"10.1002/bab.70146","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bab.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accurately segmenting spinal structures from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for diagnosing degenerative disc diseases. However, 1.5 T low-field MRI often suffers from high noise and low contrast, complicating the segmentation process. This study provides a systematic comparative evaluation of four thresholding-based techniques: binary/global, Otsu, adaptive, and standard deviation-based methods. Using a dataset of spinal DICOM images, we analyzed the effectiveness of these algorithms in delineating bone and soft tissue boundaries. The performance was quantitatively validated using the Dice coefficient and statistical analysis via ANOVA. Results indicate that adaptive thresholding and Otsu thresholding outperformed global methods in handling localized intensity variations, achieving a higher similarity index to expert-validated reference masks. Statistical analysis using ANOVA (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) further suggests that while these traditional methods are computationally efficient, their efficacy is constrained by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in low-field imaging. This research establishes a technical benchmark for traditional segmentation limits, highlighting the specific scenarios where a transition to deep-learning-based models becomes necessary for clinical accuracy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":"73 4","pages":"1945-1964"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147376110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study on Quantitative Analysis and In Vitro Antioxidant Potential of Leaf and Stem of Salvadora oleoides (Decne.) and Optimization of Flavonoids Using RSM","authors":"Nidhi Varshney,&nbsp;Devendra Singh,&nbsp;Pracheta Janmeda","doi":"10.1002/bab.70144","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bab.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study quantitatively estimated bioactive compounds in leaves and stem of <i>Salvadora oleoides</i> (<i>S. oleoides</i>) and evaluated in vitro antioxidant activity of aqueous and organic extracts (petroleum ether, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol) using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), MC, FRAP, RP, and TAC methods. The response surface methodology (RSM) was also used to optimize extractive value and total flavonoid contents. Aqueous leaf extract contained the highest saponin (13.36 ± 0.19 mg/g), whereas ethanolic leaf extract had the highest flavonoid (12.61 ± 1.03 mg/g) with strongest antioxidant effects (DPPH IC₅₀ 0.39 ± 0.02 µg/mL; MC IC₅₀ 0.27 ± 0.01 µg/mL; RP 1.25 ± 0.04 mg/g; TAC 1.16 ± 0.01 mg/g). Ethyl acetate extract of stem showed pronounced DPPH (IC₅₀ 0.41 ± 0.02 µg/mL), MC (IC₅₀ 0.15 ± 0.02 µg/mL), and RP (1.05 ± 0.01 mg/g), whereas ethanolic extract showed highest FRAP (1.13 ± 0.01 mg/g), yielding the highest TAC (1.13 ± 0.58 mg/g) for chloroform extract. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed highly significant relationships among antioxidant measures (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), and RSM optimization identified the conditions that maximize extractive yield and flavonoid contents. These findings indicate that the leaves and stem of <i>S. oleoides</i> are rich sources of flavonoids and saponins with strong antioxidant potential, supporting their use in herbal formulations and nutraceutical development.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":"73 4","pages":"1926-1944"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146225530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study of the Biomarker Responses of Water Spinach Grown in Polluted Water","authors":"Susmita Mukherjee,&nbsp;Soham Roy,&nbsp;Ayan Chowdhury,&nbsp;Subhajit Nan,&nbsp;Sonali Paul","doi":"10.1002/bab.70143","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bab.70143","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A pond ecosystem is one of the most important freshwater ecosystems. It serves as the home to various flora and fauna. <i>Ipomoea aquatica</i>, or water spinach, is a common pond water plant. It is consumed by people for its taste and health benefits. Pond water also serves as a water resource for everyday domestic activities. These pollute the pond water, endangering the health of the plants and fish in the pond. In our work, we have studied the quality of the water from used and unused ponds. This was correlated with the health quality and stress response of the plants. It was found that decreasing pond water quality leads to a decrease in the quality of aquatic plants.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9274,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and applied biochemistry","volume":"73 4","pages":"1919-1925"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146149199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}