Bioengineering & Translational Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Bilayer 3D co-culture platform inducing the differentiation of normal fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblast like cells: New in vitro source to obtain cancer-associated fibroblasts","authors":"Yeon Ju Kim,&nbsp;Hyeon Song Lee,&nbsp;Dohyun Kim,&nbsp;Hwa Kyung Byun,&nbsp;Woong Sub Koom,&nbsp;Won-Gun Koh","doi":"10.1002/btm2.10708","DOIUrl":"10.1002/btm2.10708","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents a novel in vitro bilayer 3D co-culture platform designed to obtain cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)-like cells. The platform consists of a bilayer hydrogel structure with a collagen/polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel for fibroblasts as the upper layer and an alginate hydrogel for tumor cells as the lower layer. The platform enabled paracrine interactions between fibroblasts and cancer cells, which allowed for selective retrieval of activated fibroblasts through collagenase treatment for further study. Fibroblasts remained viable throughout the culture periods and showed enhanced proliferation when co-cultured with cancer cells. Morphological changes in the co-cultured fibroblasts resembling CAFs were observed, especially in the 3D microenvironment. The mRNA expression levels of CAF-related markers were significantly upregulated in 3D, but not in 2D co-culture. Proteomic analysis identified upregulated proteins associated with CAFs, further confirming the transformation of normal fibroblasts into CAF within the proposed 3D co-culture platform. Moreover, co-culture with CAF induced radio- and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1). Survival rate of cancer cells post-irradiation and gemcitabine resistance increased significantly in the co-culture setting, highlighting the role of CAFs in promoting cancer cell survival and therapeutic resistance. These findings would contribute to understanding molecular and phenotypic changes associated with CAF activation and provide insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting the tumor microenvironment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9263,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering & Translational Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/btm2.10708","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141895220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenchymal stem cells for osteoarthritis: Recent advances in related cell therapy","authors":"Jianjing Lin,&nbsp;Jingtao Huang,&nbsp;Zilu Jiao,&nbsp;Mengyuan Nian,&nbsp;Canfeng Li,&nbsp;Yali Dai,&nbsp;Shicheng Jia,&nbsp;Xintao Zhang","doi":"10.1002/btm2.10701","DOIUrl":"10.1002/btm2.10701","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that affects the entire joint and has been a huge burden on the health care system worldwide. Although traditional therapy and targeted cartilage cell therapy have made significant progress in the treatment of OA and cartilage regeneration, there are still many problems. Mesenchymal stem cells from various tissues are the most studied cell type and have been used in preclinical and clinical studies of OA, because they are more widely available, have a greater capacity for in <i>vitro</i> expansion, and have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties compared to autologous chondrocytes. This article will systematically review the latest developments in these areas. It may provide new insights for improving OA and cartilage regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9263,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering & Translational Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/btm2.10701","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141895221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sperm quality analyzer: A portable LED array microscope with dark-field imaging","authors":"Meng Shao,&nbsp;Changxu Li,&nbsp;Xiaohao Ma,&nbsp;Haoyu Pan,&nbsp;Zeyu Ke,&nbsp;Rui Liu,&nbsp;Zhiguo Zhang,&nbsp;Min-Cheng Zhong,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;Zhensheng Zhong,&nbsp;Fengya Lu,&nbsp;Xunbin Wei,&nbsp;Jinhua Zhou","doi":"10.1002/btm2.10703","DOIUrl":"10.1002/btm2.10703","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sperm quality analysis plays an important role in diagnosing infertility, which is widely implemented by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) of sperm-swimming imaging from commercial phase-contrast microscopy. A well-equipped microscope comes with a high cost, increasing the burden of assessment, and it also occupies a large volume. For point-of-care testing (POCT) of sperm quality, these factors are confronted with the challenges of low-cost and portable instruments. In this study, an encoded light-emitting diode (LED) array illumination is employed to achieve a portable microscope with multicontrast imaging for sperm quality analysis. This microscopy has dimensions of 16.5 × 14.0 × 25.0 cm, and its dark-field (DF) imaging provides high-contrast sperm image data which is suitable for CASA. According to DF imaging, we developed a software of LabCASA, which can used to assess the motility characteristics of sperm. Compared with TrackMate, the difference in motility parameters from our software was less than 10% in the coefficient of variation (CV). The sperm motility parameters vary with the chamber temperature, which further confirms the reliability of our system with DF imaging. The DF imaging provides strong robustness for tracking sperm's motion under different microscopes. For assessment of the motility parameters, our system can work at a lower cost with a plastic structure. This system with DF imaging is suitable for portable POCT of sperm quality analysis, which is highly cost-effective in resource-constrained circumstances.</p>","PeriodicalId":9263,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering & Translational Medicine","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/btm2.10703","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the mechanisms, regulation, and therapeutic implications of extracellular matrix stiffness in cancer","authors":"Ximo Zhang,&nbsp;Abdullah Al-Danakh,&nbsp;Xinqing Zhu,&nbsp;Dan Feng,&nbsp;Linlin Yang,&nbsp;Haotian Wu,&nbsp;Yingying Li,&nbsp;Shujing Wang,&nbsp;Qiwei Chen,&nbsp;Deyong Yang","doi":"10.1002/btm2.10698","DOIUrl":"10.1002/btm2.10698","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical for cancer initiation, growth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a significant tumor component that serves various functions, including mechanical support, TME regulation, and signal molecule generation. The quantity and cross-linking status of ECM components are crucial factors in tumor development, as they determine tissue stiffness and the interaction between stiff TME and cancer cells, resulting in aberrant mechanotransduction, proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, immune evasion, and treatment resistance. Therefore, broad knowledge of ECM dysregulation in the TME might aid in developing innovative cancer therapies. This review summarized the available information on major ECM components, their functions, factors that increase and decrease matrix stiffness, and related signaling pathways that interplay between cancer cells and the ECM in TME. Moreover, mechanotransduction alters during tumorogenesis, and current drug therapy based on ECM as targets, as well as future efforts in ECM and cancer, are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9263,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering & Translational Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/btm2.10698","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141877357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a biocompatible 3D hydrogel scaffold using continuous liquid interface production for the delivery of cell therapies to treat recurrent glioblastoma","authors":"Lauren Kass,&nbsp;Morrent Thang,&nbsp;Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Cathleen DeVane,&nbsp;Julia Logan,&nbsp;Addis Tessema,&nbsp;Jillian Perry,&nbsp;Shawn Hingtgen","doi":"10.1002/btm2.10676","DOIUrl":"10.1002/btm2.10676","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor diagnosed in adults, carrying with it an extremely poor prognosis and limited options for effective treatment. Various cell therapies have emerged as promising candidates for GBM treatment but fail in the clinic due to poor tumor trafficking, poor transplantation efficiency, and high systemic toxicity. In this study, we design, characterize, and test a 3D-printed cell delivery platform that can enhance the survival of therapeutic cells implanted in the GBM resection cavity. Using continuous liquid interface production (CLIP) to generate a biocompatible 3D hydrogel, we demonstrate that we can effectively seed neural stem cells (NSCs) onto the surface of the hydrogel, and that the cells can proliferate to high densities when cultured for 14 days <i>in vitro</i>. We show that NSCs seeded on CLIP scaffolds persist longer than freely injected cells in vivo, proliferating to 20% higher than their original density in 6 days after implantation. Finally, we demonstrate that therapeutic fibroblasts seeded on CLIP more effectively suppress tumor growth and extend survival in a mouse model of LN229 GBM resection compared to the scaffold or therapeutic cells alone. These promising results demonstrate the potential to leverage CLIP to design hydrogels with various features to control the delivery of different types of cell therapies. Future work will include a more thorough evaluation of the immunological response to the material and improvement of the printing resolution for biocompatible aqueous resins.</p>","PeriodicalId":9263,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering & Translational Medicine","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/btm2.10676","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141862171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The search for an optimal tissue-engineered urethra model for clinical application based on preclinical trials in male animals: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Natalia Chepelova,&nbsp;Guzel Sagitova,&nbsp;Daniel Munblit,&nbsp;Aleksandr Suvorov,&nbsp;Andrey Morozov,&nbsp;Anastasia Shpichka,&nbsp;Peter Glybochko,&nbsp;Peter Timashev,&nbsp;Denis Butnaru","doi":"10.1002/btm2.10700","DOIUrl":"10.1002/btm2.10700","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tissue engineering has emerged as a promising avenue for reconstructive urology, though only a limited number of tissue-engineered urethral constructs have advanced to clinical testing. Presently, there exists a dearth of agreement regarding the most promising constructs deserving of implementation in clinical practice. The objective of this review was to provide a comprehensive analysis of preclinical trials findings of a tissue-engineered urethra and to identify the most promising constructs for future translation into clinical practice. A systematic search of the Pubmed, Scopus, and PMC databases was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Manuscripts published in English between 2015 and 2022, reporting on the methodology for creating a tissue-engineered urethra, assessing the regenerative potential of the scaffold in a male animal model, and evaluating the clinical and histological outcomes of treatment, were included. A total of 48 manuscripts met the inclusion criteria, with 12 being eligible for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis revealed no significant benefit of any matrix type in terms of complication rates. However, acellular matrices demonstrated significant advantage over cellular matrices in case of no postoperative stricture formation (odds ratio = 0.06 [95% CI 0.01; 0.23], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Among all subgroups (animal models and scaffold types), the usage of acellular matrices resulted in advantageous effects. The meta-regression analysis did not show a significant impact of defect length (β1 = −0.02 [−0.28; 0.23], <i>p</i> = 0.86). We found that decellularized materials may carry less relevance for urethral reconstruction due to unfavorable preclinical outcomes. Natural polymers, used independently or with synthetic materials, resulted in better postoperative outcomes in animals compared to purely synthetic constructs. Acellular scaffolds showed promising outcomes, matching or exceeding cellular constructs. However, more studies are needed to confirm their clinical effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":9263,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering & Translational Medicine","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/btm2.10700","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141755275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra-lymph node crosslinking of antigen-bearing polymers enhances humoral immunity and dendritic cell activation","authors":"Erin M. Euliano,&nbsp;Anushka Agrawal,&nbsp;Marina H. Yu,&nbsp;Tyler P. Graf,&nbsp;Emily M. Henrich,&nbsp;Alyssa A. Kunkel,&nbsp;Chia-Chien Hsu,&nbsp;Tsvetelina Baryakova,&nbsp;Kevin J. McHugh","doi":"10.1002/btm2.10705","DOIUrl":"10.1002/btm2.10705","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lymph node (LN)-resident dendritic cells (DCs) are a promising target for vaccination given their professional antigen-presenting capabilities and proximity to a high concentration of immune cells. Direct intra-LN injection has been shown to greatly enhance the immune response to vaccine antigens compared to traditional intramuscular injection, but it is infeasible to implement clinically in a vaccination campaign context. Employing the passive lymphatic flow of antigens to target LNs has been shown to increase total antigen uptake by DCs more than inflammatory adjuvants, which recruit peripheral DCs. Herein, we describe a novel vaccination platform in which two complementary multi-arm poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers—one covalently bound to the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA)—are injected subcutaneously into two distinct sites. These materials then drain to the same LN through different lymphatic vessels and, upon meeting in the LN, rapidly crosslink. This system improves OVA delivery to, and residence time within, the draining LN compared to all control groups. The crosslinking of the two PEG components also improves humoral immunity without the need for any pathogen-mimicking adjuvants. Further, we observed a significant increase in non-B/T lymphocytes in LNs cross-presenting the OVA peptide SIINFEKL on MHC I over a dose-matched control containing alum, the most common clinical adjuvant, as well as an increase in DC activation in the LN. These data suggest that this platform can be used to deliver antigens to LN-resident immune cells to produce a stronger humoral and cellular immune response over materials-matched controls without the use of traditional adjuvants.</p>","PeriodicalId":9263,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering & Translational Medicine","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/btm2.10705","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141726174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matrix metalloproteinase 2-responsive dual-drug-loaded self-assembling peptides suppress tumor growth and enhance breast cancer therapy","authors":"Jihong Ma,&nbsp;Haiyan Yang,&nbsp;Xue Tian,&nbsp;Fanhu Meng,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Zhai,&nbsp;Aimei Li,&nbsp;Chuntao Li,&nbsp;Min Wang,&nbsp;Guohui Wang,&nbsp;Chunbo Lu,&nbsp;Jingkun Bai","doi":"10.1002/btm2.10702","DOIUrl":"10.1002/btm2.10702","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conventional chemotherapeutic agents are limited by their lack of targeting and penetration and their short retention time, and chemotherapy might induce an immune suppressive environment. Peptide self-assembly can result in a specific morphology, and the resulting morphological changes are stimuli responsive to the external environment, which is important for drug permeation and retention of encapsulated chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, a polypeptide (Pep1) containing the peptide sequences PLGLAG and RGD that is responsive to matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) was successfully developed. Pep1 underwent a morphological transformation from a spherical structure to aggregates with a high aspect ratio in response to MMP-2 induction. This drug delivery system (DI/Pep1) can transport doxorubicin (DOX) and indomethacin (IND) simultaneously to target tumor cells for subsequent drug release while extending drug retention within tumor cells, which increases immunogenic cell death and facilitates the immunotherapeutic effect of CD4⁺ T cells. Ultimately, DI/Pep1 attenuated tumor-associated inflammation, enhanced the body's immune response, and inhibited breast cancer growth by combining the actions of DOX and IND. Our research offers an approach to hopefully enhance the effectiveness of cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9263,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering & Translational Medicine","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/btm2.10702","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141726209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis of pregnancy disorder in the first-trimester patient plasma with Raman spectroscopy and protein analysis","authors":"Ansuja P. Mathew,&nbsp;Gabriel Cutshaw,&nbsp;Olivia Appel,&nbsp;Meghan Funk,&nbsp;Lilly Synan,&nbsp;Joshua Waite,&nbsp;Saman Ghazvini,&nbsp;Xiaona Wen,&nbsp;Soumik Sarkar,&nbsp;Mark Santillan,&nbsp;Donna Santillan,&nbsp;Rizia Bardhan","doi":"10.1002/btm2.10691","DOIUrl":"10.1002/btm2.10691","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy disorder associated with short- and long-term adverse outcomes in both mothers and infants. The current clinical test of blood glucose levels late in the second trimester is inadequate for early detection of GDM. Here we show the utility of Raman spectroscopy (RS) for rapid and highly sensitive maternal metabolome screening for GDM in the first trimester. Key metabolites, including phospholipids, carbohydrates, and major amino acids, were identified with RS and validated with mass spectrometry, enabling insights into associated metabolic pathway enrichment. Using classical machine learning (ML) approaches, we showed the performance of the RS metabolic model (cross-validation AUC 0.97) surpassed that achieved with patients' clinical data alone (cross-validation AUC 0.59) or prior studies with single biomarkers. Further, we analyzed novel proteins and identified fetuin-A as a promising candidate for early GDM prediction. A correlation analysis showed a moderate to strong correlation between multiple metabolites and proteins, suggesting a combined protein-metabolic analysis integrated with ML would enable a powerful screening platform for first trimester diagnosis. Our study underscores RS metabolic profiling as a cost-effective tool that can be integrated into the current clinical workflow for accurate risk stratification of GDM and to improve both maternal and neonatal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9263,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering & Translational Medicine","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/btm2.10691","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141726175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of artificial lung fiber bundle geometric design on micro- and macro-scale clot formation","authors":"Angela Lai,&nbsp;Natsuha Omori,&nbsp;Julia E. Napolitano,&nbsp;James F. Antaki,&nbsp;Keith E. Cook","doi":"10.1002/btm2.10699","DOIUrl":"10.1002/btm2.10699","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The hollow fiber membrane bundle is the functional component of artificial lungs, transferring oxygen to and carbon dioxide from the blood. It is also the primary location of blood clot formation and propagation in these devices. The geometric design of fiber bundles is defined by a narrow set of parameters that determine gas exchange efficiency and blood flow resistance, principally: fiber packing density, path length, and frontal area. These same parameters also affect thrombosis. This study investigated the effect of these parameters on clot formation using 3D printed flow chambers that mimic the geometry and blood flow patterns of fiber bundles. Hollow fibers were represented by an array of vertical micro-rods (380 μm diameter) arranged with three packing densities (40%, 50%, and 60%) and two path lengths (2 and 4 cm). Blood was pumped through these devices corresponding to three mean blood flow velocities (16, 20, and 25 cm/min). Results showed that (1) clot formation decreases dramatically with decreasing packing density and increasing blood flow velocity, (2) clot formation at the outlet of the fiber bundle enhances deposition upstream, and consequently (3) greater path length provides greater clot-free fiber surface area for gas exchange than a shorter path length. These results can help guide the design of less thrombogenic, more efficient artificial lung designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9263,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering & Translational Medicine","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/btm2.10699","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141726205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}