British Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Divinities of suicide in ancient mythologies - Psychiatry in sacred texts.","authors":"Luca Cambioli, Michele Augusto Riva","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9259,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"225 5","pages":"472"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exceptional racism at the dawn of scientific psychiatry in Brazil: the curious case of Juliano Moreira: commentary.","authors":"Peter Tyrer","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.160","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9259,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"225 5","pages":"510"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health classifications in primary care: commentary, Dowrick.","authors":"Christopher Dowrick","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.78","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9259,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"225 5","pages":"512-514"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying clinically relevant agranulocytosis in people registered on the UK clozapine Central Non-Rechallenge Database: retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Ebenezer Oloyede, Christian J Bachmann, Olubanke Dzahini, Juan Miguel Lopez Alcaraz, Shaurya Dev Singh, Kalliopi Vallianatu, Burkhardt Funk, Eromona Whiskey, David Taylor","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.104","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjp.2024.104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clozapine is the most effective antipsychotic for treatment-resistant psychosis. However, clozapine is underutilised in part because of potential agranulocytosis. Accumulating evidence indicates that below-threshold haematological readings in isolation are not diagnostic of life-threatening clozapine-induced agranulocytosis (CIA).</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To examine the prevalence and timing of CIA using different diagnostic criteria and to explore demographic differences of CIA in patients registered on the UK Central Non-Rechallenge Database (CNRD).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We analysed data of all patients registered on the UK Clozaril^® Patient Monitoring Service Central Non-Rechallenge Database (at least one absolute neutrophil count (ANC) < 1.5 × 10⁹/L and/or white blood cell count < 3.0 × 10⁹/L) between May 2000 and February 2021. We calculated prevalence rates of agranulocytosis using threshold-based and pattern-based criteria, stratified by demographic factors (gender, age and ethnicity). Differences in epidemiology based on rechallenge status and clozapine indication were explored. The proportion of patients who recorded agranulocytosis from a normal ANC was explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 3029 patients registered on the CNRD with 283 726 blood measurements, 593 (19.6%) were determined to have threshold-based agranulocytosis and 348 (11.4%) pattern-based agranulocytosis. In the total sample (75 533), the prevalence of threshold-based agranulocytosis and pattern-based agranulocytosis was 0.8% and 0.5%, respectively. The median time to threshold-based agranulocytosis was 32 weeks (IQR 184) and 15 (IQR 170) weeks for pattern-based agranulocytosis. Among age groups, the prevalence of pattern-based agranulocytosis and threshold-based agranulocytosis was highest in the >48 age group. Prevalence rates were greatest for White (18%) and male individuals (13%), and lowest for Black individuals (0.1%). The proportion of people who were determined to have pattern-based agranulocytosis without passing through neutropenia was 70%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Threshold-based definition of agranulocytosis may over-diagnose CIA. Monitoring schemes should take into consideration neutrophil patterns to correctly identify clinically relevant CIA. In marked contrast to previous studies, CIA occurred least in Black individuals and most in White individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9259,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"484-491"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"General psychiatry, still in no-man's land after all these years: commentary, Prakash.","authors":"Om Prakash","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.73","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9259,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"225 5","pages":"511"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatry in children's literature: guess how much I hate you - Extra.","authors":"Frederick Arthur Jack Simon","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.202","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9259,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"225 5","pages":"509"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast cancer risk among women with schizophrenia and association with duration of antipsychotic use: population-based cohort study in South Korea.","authors":"Ji Su Yang, Sunghyuk Kang, Kwanghyun Kim, Alexander C Tsai, Chul-Hyun Cho, Sun Jae Jung","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is a major global health issue, especially among women. Previous research has indicated a possible association between psychiatric conditions, particularly schizophrenia, and an increased risk of breast cancer. However, the specific risk of breast cancer in women with schizophrenia, compared with those with other psychiatric disorders and the general population, remains controversial and needs further clarification.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To estimate the risk of breast cancer among people with schizophrenia compared with people with other psychiatric disorders and people in the general population.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We utilised medical claims data of women aged 18 to 80 years in the Korean National Health Information Database from 2007 to 2018. Individuals with schizophrenia were defined as women with ICD-10 codes F20 or F25 (<i>n</i> = 224 612). The control groups were defined as women with other psychiatric disorders (<i>n</i> = 224 612) and women in the general Korean population (<i>n</i> = 449 224). Cases and controls were matched by index date and age, in a 1:1:2 ratio. We estimated the hazard of breast cancer using the Cox proportional hazards model, adjusting for insurance premiums and medical comorbidities. Among the people with schizophrenia, we used the landmark method to estimate the association between duration of antipsychotic medication use and the incidence of breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In multivariable Cox regression models, the hazard rate of breast cancer was 1.26 times higher in the people with schizophrenia than in the general population (95% CI: 1.20-1.32). In comparison with the psychiatric patient group, the hazard ratio was 1.17 (95% CI: 1.11-1.28). Among women with schizophrenia, the hazard of breast cancer was greater among those who took antipsychotic medications for 1 year or more compared with those who took antipsychotics for less than 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Women with schizophrenia have an elevated risk of breast cancer, and long-term use of antipsychotics is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9259,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equal, equitable or exacerbating inequalities: patterns and predictors of social prescribing referrals in 160 128 UK patients.","authors":"Feifei Bu, Daniel Hayes, Alexandra Burton, Daisy Fancourt","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.141","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjp.2024.141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Social prescribing is growing rapidly globally as a way to tackle social determinants of health. However, whom it is reaching and how effectively it is being implemented remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To gain a comprehensive picture of social prescribing in the UK, from referral routes, reasons, to contacts with link workers and prescribed interventions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study undertook the first analyses of a large database of administrative data from over 160 000 individuals referred to social prescribing across the UK. Data were analysed using descriptive analyses and regression modelling, including logistic regression for binary outcomes and negative binomial regression for count variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mental health was the most common referral reason and mental health interventions were the most common interventions prescribed. Between 72% and 85% of social prescribing referrals were from medical routes (primary or secondary healthcare). Although these referrals demonstrated equality in reaching across sociodemographic groups, individuals from more deprived areas, younger adults, men, and ethnic minority groups were reached more equitably via non-medical routes (e.g. self-referral, school, charity). Despite 90% of referrals leading to contact with a link worker, only 38% resulted in any intervention being received. A shortage of provision of community activities - especially ones relevant to mental health, practical support and social relationships - was evident. There was also substantial heterogeneity in how social prescribing is implemented across UK nations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mental health is the leading reason for social prescribing referrals, demonstrating its relevance to psychiatrists. But there are inequalities in referrals. Non-medical referral routes could play an important role in addressing inequality in accessing social prescribing and therefore should be prioritised. Additionally, more financial and infrastructural resource and strategic planning are needed to address low intervention rates. Further investment into large-scale data platforms and staff training are needed to continue monitoring the development and distribution of social prescribing.</p>","PeriodicalId":9259,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7616880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142495516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apotychiaphobia: should there be a term for fear of miscarriage?","authors":"Ruth Oshikanlu, Babatunde A Gbolade","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.198","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9259,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between dietary fat intake and the risk of Alzheimer's disease: Mendelian randomisation study.","authors":"Yunqing Zhu, Yongbing Lan, Jun Lv, Dianjianyi Sun, Liming Li, Dai Zhang, Canqing Yu, Weihua Yue","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Observational studies have shown a controversial relationship between dietary fat intake and Alzheimer's disease, and the causal effects are unclear.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess the causal effects of total fat, saturated fat and polyunsaturated fat (PUF) intakes on the risk of Alzheimer's disease.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A two-sample Mendelian randomisation analysis was performed using genome-wide association study summary statistics on different types of fat intake from UK Biobank (<i>n</i> = 51 413) and on late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD; 4282 cases, <i>n</i> = 307 112) and all forms of Alzheimer's disease (6281 cases, <i>n</i> = 309 154) from the FinnGen consortium. In addition, a multivariable Mendelian randomisation (MVMR) analysis was conducted to estimate the effects independent of carbohydrate and protein intakes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetically predicted per standard deviation increase in the total fat and saturated fat intakes were associated with 44 and 38% higher risks of LOAD (total fat: odds ratio = 1.44, 95% CI 1.03-2.02; saturated fat: odds ratio = 1.38, 95% CI 1.002-1.90; <i>P</i> = 0.049). The associations remained significant in the MVMR analysis (total fat: odds ratio = 3.31, 95% CI 1.74-6.29; saturated fat: odds ratio = 2.04, 95% CI 1.16-3.59). Total fat and saturated fat intakes were associated with a higher risk of all forms of Alzheimer's disease in the MVMR analysis (total fat: odds ratio = 2.09, 95% CI 1.22-3.57; saturated fat: odds ratio = 1.60, 95% CI 1.01-2.52). The PUF intake was not associated with LOAD or all forms of Alzheimer's disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study indicated that total dietary fat intake, especially saturated fat, contributed to the risk of Alzheimer's disease, and the effects were independent of other nutrients. These findings informed prevention strategies and management for Alzheimer's disease directly towards reducing dietary saturated fat intake.</p>","PeriodicalId":9259,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}