British journal of hospital medicine最新文献

{"title":"The Correlation Between Lipoprotein(a) and Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Ischemic Stroke.","authors":"Tao Zhang, Ran Xu, Lei Bao, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.12968/hmed.2024.0711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2024.0711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims/Background</b> Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] has been implicated in cerebrovascular diseases and may contribute to cognitive decline. Thus, this study sought to assess cognitive impairment in ischemic stroke patients and its association with Lp(a). <b>Methods</b> This single-center cross-sectional study included 790 patients from the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between January 2017 and December 2023, categorized into lower and higher Lp(a) groups based on the median Lp(a) levels. Logistic regression analysis, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were conducted to explore the association between Lp(a) and cognitive impairment. <b>Results</b> The higher Lp(a) group showed a greater prevalence of cognitive impairment than the lower Lp(a) group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). After accounting for all potential influences, the risk of cognitive impairment was 1.735 times higher in the higher Lp(a) group than in the lower Lp(a) group (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and for each unit increase in Lp(a), the risk of cognitive impairment increased by 0.1% (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Subgroup analysis indicated that the significant association between Lp(a) and cognitive impairment remained stable in all subgroups except for the subgroup without hypertension (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, even after omitting those with prior stroke, higher Lp(a) levels remained independently linked to an increased risk of cognitive impairment (<i>p</i> < 0.05). ROC analysis revealed that Lp(a) had predictive value for cognitive impairment in the overall population, as well as in male and female patients (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the multivariate-adjusted regression model, a linear relationship between Lp(a) and cognitive impairment risk was demonstrated by RCS analysis (<i>p</i> < 0.001, <i>p</i> nonlinear = 0.828). <b>Conclusion</b> Higher levels of Lp(a) are independently linked to a greater risk of cognitive impairment in stroke patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9256,"journal":{"name":"British journal of hospital medicine","volume":"86 8","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Potential of Clinical Factors, Serological Indicators, and Pelvic Floor Ultrasound Parameters in Women With Postpartum Stress Urinary Incontinence.","authors":"Lingmei Shi, Junhua Zhang, Shuyuan Lu, Bei Wang, Yewei Ding","doi":"10.12968/hmed.2025.0130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2025.0130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims/Background</b> Numerous studies have assessed factors influencing stress urinary incontinence (SUI); however, their findings are somewhat inconsistent. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the predictive potential of clinical characteristics and serological indicators combined with pelvic floor ultrasound parameters for postpartum SUI. Furthermore, the analysis was intended to determine the prevalence and factors affecting postpartum SUI among women in China. <b>Methods</b> This retrospective analysis included 511 parturient women who underwent prenatal examinations and gave birth at Yongkang Women and Children's Health Hospital between January 2023 and June 2024. Based on the occurrence of SUI within 6 months postpartum, the patients were divided into the SUI (204 cases) and the non-SUI (307 cases) groups. The baseline characteristics, serological indicators, and pelvic floor ultrasound parameters were comparatively analyzed between the two groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the factors affecting postpartum SUI. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to determine the predictive efficacy of indicators that demonstrated statistically significant differences concerning postpartum SUI. <b>Results</b> The two study groups demonstrated statistically significant differences in mode of delivery and constipation during pregnancy (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The SUI group had significantly lower serum estradiol, progesterone, and 25-hydroxyvitamin [25(OH)D] than the non-SUI group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, the SUI group showed substantially higher bladder neck descent, urethral rotation angle, posterior urethrovesical angle, levator hiatus area, and urethral funnel formation than the non-SUI group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The bladder neck descent, urethral rotation angle, posterior urethrovesical angle, levator hiatus area, and urethral funnel formation were identified as significant risk factors for postpartum SUI (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, serum progesterone and 25(OH)D levels served as protective factors against SUI (<i>p</i> < 0.05). ROC analysis revealed that a combination of progesterone, 25(OH)D, bladder neck descent, urethral rotation angle, posterior urethrovesical angle, levator hiatus area, and urethral funnel formation significantly increased the area under the curve (AUC) to 0.975 (<i>p</i> < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.964-0.985), with a sensitivity of 0.946 and specificity of 0.860. <b>Conclusion</b> The study observed a relatively higher incidence of postpartum SUI among Chinese women, affected by various contributing factors. Combining serological indicators with pelvic floor ultrasound parameters indicated strong predictive efficacy for postpartum SUI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9256,"journal":{"name":"British journal of hospital medicine","volume":"86 8","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction Model and Assessment of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Nurses in Tertiary Hospitals in China: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Lishi Yin, Ling Fan, Juan Liang, Jing Tan, Yang Yan, Longfang Huang, Jun Ma","doi":"10.12968/hmed.2024.1045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2024.1045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims/Background</b> Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) significantly impact the health and work efficiency of nurses. This study aimed to investigate factors influencing WMSD risk among nurses, including protective measures, physical activity, and biomechanical factors. <b>Methods</b> This cross-sectional study surveyed 3500 nurses from tertiary hospitals to assess musculoskeletal disorder risk factors, yielding 3380 valid responses. The dataset was randomly split into a training set (n = 2350) and a validation set (n = 1030). Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression were applied to develop a predictive model, which was evaluated based on its area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity. <b>Results</b> Binary logistic regression analysis identified significant risk factors for WMSDs, including a higher movement and assistance of hospital patients (MAPO) Index (odds ratio (OR) = 1.579, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.431-1.742, <i>p</i> < 0.001), quick exposure check (QEC) score (OR = 1.028, 95% CI: 1.021-1.034, <i>p</i> < 0.001), work-family interference (OR = 1.016, 95% CI: 1.008-1.023, <i>p</i> < 0.001), lack of protective measures (OR = 1.571, 95% CI: 1.075-2.296, <i>p</i> = 0.020), severe pelvic rotation (OR = 1.746, 95% CI: 1.229-2.480, <i>p</i> = 0.002), and older age (≥50 years, OR = 1.885, 95% CI: 1.171-3.036, <i>p</i> = 0.009). Conversely, higher job satisfaction was associated with a lower risk of WMSDs (OR = 0.807, 95% CI: 0.786-0.828, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Nurses who never exercised (OR = 1.608, 95% CI: 1.127-2.295, <i>p</i> = 0.009) or engaged in ≥16 hours of household labour per week (OR = 1.878, 95% CI: 1.305-2.703, <i>p</i> = 0.001) had an elevated WMSD risk. The nomogram model demonstrated excellent predictive performance, with an AUC of 0.822 (95% CI: 0.803-0.840, <i>p</i> < 0.001) in the training set and 0.810 (95% CI: 0.775-0.845, <i>p</i> < 0.001) in the validation set. Calibration plots and decision curve analyses confirmed its reliability and clinical applicability. <b>Conclusion</b> Implementing comprehensive protective measures, promoting regular physical activity, and ensuring even foot pressure distribution can significantly mitigate WMSD risk. In contrast, a higher MAPO Index, elevated QEC scores, extended household labour, and work-family interference contribute to increased susceptibility. The developed predictive model provides a valuable tool for nurse health risk screening and personalized intervention planning, supporting early identification and prevention of WMSDs among nurses in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9256,"journal":{"name":"British journal of hospital medicine","volume":"86 8","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Pathology: Past, Present and Future.","authors":"Samee Babar, Muhammad Aslam","doi":"10.12968/hmed.2025.0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2025.0079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9256,"journal":{"name":"British journal of hospital medicine","volume":"86 8","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Remimazolam Combined With Remifentanil for Sedation in Adult Dental Anxiety Patients Undergoing Mandibular Impacted Third Molar Extraction: A Single-Center, Retrospective Cohort Analysis.","authors":"Chen Cao, Chu-Xiong Pan, Wen-Jing Zhu, Fu-Shan Xue","doi":"10.12968/hmed.2024.0583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2024.0583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims/Background</b> Dental anxiety (DA) often leads to significant fear and anxiety in the patients undergoing dental procedures, and increases the complexity and difficulty of treatment. Currently, remimazolam, a benzodiazepine-like sedative drug, has been found effective and safe during endoscopic and surgical procedures. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the safety levels and efficacy profile of remimazolam combined with remifentanil for sedation in adult patients with DA who underwent the mandibular impacted third molar extraction. <b>Methods</b> This single-center, retrospective cohort study included adult patients with DA who underwent mandibular impacted third molar extraction at the Beijing Stomatological Hospital between January 2021 and December 2023. Based on the sedation protocols used during dental procedures, patients were divided into two groups: a remimazolam combined with remifentanil group (the remimazolam group, n = 63) and a propofol combined with remifentanil group (the propofol group, n = 71). The overall incidence of adverse events was selected as the primary outcome measure, including pulse oxygen saturation (SpO₂) <93%, injection pain, sedation failure, hypotension, bradycardia, and nausea/vomiting. The secondary outcome measures included sedation onset time, postoperative pain levels, satisfactions of patient and anesthesiologists, and vital signs changes over time. <b>Results</b> The remimazolam group showed an overall incidence of adverse events of 7.9%, compared to 49.3% in the propofol group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Both study groups demonstrated no statistically significant differences in sedation onset time (<i>p</i> = 0.252) and postoperative pain Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) score (<i>p</i> = 0.527). Moreover, the remimazolam group had greater stability in blood pressure (between-group effect, <i>p</i> = 0.012) and heart rate (between-group effect, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and exhibited statistically significant differences in changes in respiratory rate over time (between-group effect, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Anesthesiologists' satisfaction scores with respiratory and circulatory stability, sedation efficacy, and quality of sedation recovery were significantly higher in the remimazolam group compared to the propofol group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Surgeons reported a higher satisfaction with sedation efficacy in the remimazolam group. <b>Conclusion</b> In summary, remimazolam combined with remifentanil demonstrates greater safety and effectiveness than propofol combined with remifentanil for sedation during dental procedures in adult DA patients. This combination particularly decreases adverse events, maintains stable respiratory and circulatory functions, and improves satisfaction levels among anesthesiologists and surgeons.</p>","PeriodicalId":9256,"journal":{"name":"British journal of hospital medicine","volume":"86 8","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Value of the Estimation of Physiologic Ability and Surgical Stress for Postoperative Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated by Thyroid Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Jiameng Guo, Ning Xiao, Jiawen Zhang","doi":"10.12968/hmed.2025.0234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2025.0234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims/Background</b> In the postoperative management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and thyroid cancer, recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury is a significant complication. Due to existing metabolic abnormalities, surgical stress may further impair the recovery of physiological functions in these patients. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the Estimation of Physiologic Ability and Surgical Stress (E-PASS) system for postoperative RLN injury in patients with T2DM complicated by thyroid cancer. <b>Methods</b> A retrospective analysis was conducted on 210 patients with T2DM complicated by thyroid cancer who were admitted to Xinzheng Huaxin Minsheng Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023. Clinical data were collected from the electronic medical record system. Patients were divided into the injury group (n = 60) and the non-injury group (n = 150) based on the occurrence of postoperative RLN injury. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with RLN injury. The predictive value of E-PASS for postoperative RLN injury was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. <b>Results</b> Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that preoperative risk score (PRS), surgical stress score (SSS), and comprehensive risk score (CRS) were independent risk factors for RLN injury in patients with T2DM and thyroid cancer (<i>p</i> < 0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve (AUC) for E-PASS was 0.866, with a standard error of 0.026 (95% CI: 0.814-0.917). The optimal cutoff value was 0.70, yielding a sensitivity of 91.54% and a specificity of 62.55%. <b>Conclusion</b> The comprehensive risk assessment provided by E-PASS demonstrates good predictive value for RLN injury in patients with T2DM complicated by thyroid cancer. Integrating PRS, SSS, and CRS can enhance risk assessment and guide early intervention to promote postoperative recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9256,"journal":{"name":"British journal of hospital medicine","volume":"86 8","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Reviewing the Evidence and Exploring Its Equitable Implementation in the UK National Health Service.","authors":"Waqas Akhtar, Nicholas A Barrett","doi":"10.12968/hmed.2024.0792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2024.0792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation offers a potentially revolutionary improvement in the historically poor outcomes for refractory cardiac arrest. Current evidence has only demonstrated efficacy in single high volume centres in Europe and the USA and important logistical and health economic considerations remain for a country wide roll out. In this article we will review the evidence and equitable delivery of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the context of the principles of the United Kingdom healthcare system for a general medical audience.</p>","PeriodicalId":9256,"journal":{"name":"British journal of hospital medicine","volume":"86 7","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking Barriers: Achieving Equity in Acute Stroke Care.","authors":"Ranvir S P Cheema, Philip M White, Nasar Ahmad, Randeep Mullhi, Tonny Veenith","doi":"10.12968/hmed.2025.0022","DOIUrl":"10.12968/hmed.2025.0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide but there are significant differences in access to acute stroke care between geographical regions. Indeed, inequalities in acute stroke care continue to exist within the UK. Reperfusion therapies including mechanical thrombectomy (MT) are now the established standard of care for acute ischaemic stroke. However, availability of these therapies remains variable across the UK, with patients in rural areas potentially facing a poorer outcome. Reasons for this include delayed ambulance response times for both primary transfer to an acute stroke centre (ASC) and secondary transfers to comprehensive stroke centres (CSCs), MT only being available in CSCs and consequently neurointerventionists are disproportionately concentrated in the London/South of England, where a greater number of these centres are located. Furthermore, there has been a lack of investment in stroke care outside of comprehensive stroke centres, with imaging facilities in ASCs often suboptimal, and variability in consultant stroke physician staffing/presence, delaying decision making. The neurointerventionist workforce is undergoing a rapid expansion, however, further investment is required to ensure equity of access to acute stroke care across the UK and across the world.</p>","PeriodicalId":9256,"journal":{"name":"British journal of hospital medicine","volume":"86 7","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thrice-Weekly Insulin Degludec Versus Once-Daily Insulin Glargine in Insulin-Naïve Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"A B M Kamrul-Hasan, Sanja Borozan, Cornelius J Fernandez, Deep Dutta, Lakshmi Nagendra, Joseph M Pappachan","doi":"10.12968/hmed.2024.0716","DOIUrl":"10.12968/hmed.2024.0716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims/Background</b> Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy and safety of thrice-weekly insulin degludec (IDeg 3TW) versus once-daily insulin glargine (IGlar OD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are scarce and not uniform. Moreover, no systematic review and meta-analysis (SRM) is available for such a comparison. This SRM aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of IDeg 3TW versus IGlar OD in the available RCTs in T2DM. <b>Methods</b> Electronic databases and registers, which include MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane Central Register, and ClinicalTrials.gov, were searched for RCTs conducted among T2DM subjects with IDeg 3TW as intervention and IGlar OD as control from inception to 30 July 2024. The primary outcome was glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) reduction from baseline; secondary outcomes were the changes in other glycemic parameters and adverse events (AEs). RevMan web was used to conduct meta-analysis using random-effects models. Outcomes were presented as mean difference (MD), odds ratio (OR), or risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). <b>Results</b> Three RCTs (N = 1171) with study durations ranging from 16-26 weeks and minimal risk of bias were included. IDeg 3TW was less effective than IGlar OD in HbA1c reduction (MD 0.27%, 95% CI [0.14, 0.39], <i>p</i> < 0.0001), reduction in mean nine-point self-monitored capillary blood glucose profile (MD 0.45 mmol/L, 95% CI [0.22, 0.67], <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and HbA1c reduction <7% (OR 0.69, 95% [0.53, 0.89], <i>p</i> = 0.005). IDeg 3TW outperformed IGlar OD regarding the mean daily insulin dose (MD -0.07 U, 95% CI [-0.13, -0.01], <i>p</i> = 0.02). However, both groups achieved comparable fasting plasma glucose reduction (MD 0.37 mmol/L, 95% [-0.19, 0.93], <i>p =</i> 0.19), changes in body weight (MD 0.04 kg, 95% CI [-0.46, 0.55], <i>p =</i> 0.86), and overall physical (MD 0.21, 95% CI [-0.62, 1.04], <i>p</i> = 0.62) and mental health scores (MD -0.02, 95% CI [-1.05, 1.01], <i>p</i> = 0.97). The risks for confirmed hypoglycemia (RR 1.16, 95% CI [0.83, 1.62], <i>p</i> = 0.38), nocturnal hypoglycemia (RR 1.18, 95% CI [0.49, 2.84], <i>p</i> = 0.71), any AEs (RR 1.04, 95% CI [0.84, 1.30], <i>p</i> = 0.71), serious AEs (RR 1.43, 95% CI [0.77, 2.65], <i>p</i> = 0.25), and injection-site reactions (RR 1.29, 95% CI [0.56, 2.96], <i>p</i> = 0.55) were identical in the two groups. <b>Conclusion</b> In short-term follow-up, IDeg 3TW was less effective than IGlar OD in glycaemic control; however, their safety profile was comparable. Larger multicenter RCTs comparing the overall benefit-risk ratio are necessary for appropriate clinical practice decisions. <b>Systematic Review Registeration</b> PROSPERO: CRD42024593493.</p>","PeriodicalId":9256,"journal":{"name":"British journal of hospital medicine","volume":"86 7","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Myopia Among Children and Adolescents Aged 5-17: A Cross-Sectional Study in Haishu District, Ningbo City, China.","authors":"Xinru Jia, Shuang Wang, Jixiang Zhu, Dongwei Yao, Yan Shi, Chengfei Lin","doi":"10.12968/hmed.2025.0241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2025.0241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims/Background</b> The rising incidence of myopia in children and adolescents represents a significant global public health concern in the domain of vision health and issues, especially in Asian countries like China. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of myopia among children and adolescents aged 5-17 in Haishu District, Ningbo City, China. <b>Methods</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted using visual acuity data from 95,985 participants collected between July and December 2023. The participants included children and adolescents from senior kindergarten, primary and secondary schools. <b>Results</b> The overall prevalence of myopia was 51.09%, with higher rates in urban (52.71%) than suburban areas (49.18%). Among males, the prevalence was 48.80%, while among females, it was higher at 53.68%. Prevalence rate increased significantly with age, particularly among individuals aged between 8 and 13 years, with girls surpassing boys from age 9. By ages 14-17, the prevalence among girls reached a plateau, while the boys' rates continued to rise. The median spherical equivalent was -2.00 D (right eye) and -1.88 D (left eye). <b>Conclusion</b> The findings highlight the need for targeted, age- and region-specific vision protection measures to address the rising myopia burden among children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":9256,"journal":{"name":"British journal of hospital medicine","volume":"86 7","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}