Journal of laboratory and precision medicine最新文献_第10页

Diagnostic accuracy of pleural effusion biomarkers for malignant pleural mesothelioma: a machine learning analysis 恶性胸膜间皮瘤胸膜积液生物标志物的诊断准确性:机器学习分析

Journal of laboratory and precision medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/JLPM-20-90

Y. Niu, Zhi-De Hu

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of pleural effusion biomarkers for malignant pleural mesothelioma: a machine learning analysis","authors":"Y. Niu, Zhi-De Hu","doi":"10.21037/JLPM-20-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/JLPM-20-90","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Some studies have investigated the diagnostic accuracy of pleural effusion (PE) soluble mesothelin-related peptide (SMRP), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). However, whether their combination can improve the diagnostic accuracy for MPM remains unclear. Methods: In this post hoc analysis, 188 subjects, with 27 being diagnosed with MPM, were randomly categorized into training (n=90) and test (n=98) cohorts. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of combinational use of PE CEA, SMRP, and CYFRA 21-1 with machine learning approaches, including logistic regression model, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), gradient boosting machine (GBM), and random forest. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) were used to measure an index test’s diagnostic accuracy. Results: The AUC of the logistic regression model (0.97) was significantly higher than that of CEA (0.75), SMRP (0.86), and CYFRA 21-1 (0.78). The AUCs of MARS, KNN, GBM, and random forest were comparable to that of a single biomarker. Conclusions: Logistic regression model is a useful machine learning algorithmic approaches to improve the diagnostic accuracy of CEA, SMRP, and CYFRA 21-1. While other machine learning algorithmic strategies (MARS, KNN, GBM, and random forest) cannot improve these biomarkers’ diagnostic accuracy.","PeriodicalId":92408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of laboratory and precision medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46187432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

High-density lipoprotein: a double-edged sword in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology 高密度脂蛋白:心血管生理学和病理生理学的双刃剑

Journal of laboratory and precision medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/jlpm-21-32

G. Ndrepepa

{"title":"High-density lipoprotein: a double-edged sword in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology","authors":"G. Ndrepepa","doi":"10.21037/jlpm-21-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/jlpm-21-32","url":null,"abstract":"High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays a central role in vascular biology. HDL participates in multiple pathways that may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD), including cholesterol removal from the tissues (including vascular arterial wall), endothelial function protection through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects, endothelial repair, angiogenesis and improved endothelial cell survival. Initial epidemiological evidence supported an inverse relationship between HDL level and the risk for atherosclerosis and CAD. Although HDL showed an inverse relationship with cardiovascular risk, pharmacologically-based HDL-raising therapies and Mendelian randomization studies refuted a causal relationship between HDL and the risk for atherosclerosis and CAD. So far, no HDL-raising therapy that increased HDL level without a concomitant decrease in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level reduced the cardiovascular risk. HDL structure and function alterations in various morbid conditions including inflammatory states, metabolic diseases, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular risk factors and CAD transform HDL from a vasoprotective and anti-atherosclerotic particle into a proinflammatory and pro-atherosclerotic dysfunctional equivalent. Genetic studies, failure of HDL-raising therapies to improve clinical outcome despite markedly raising HDL levels and a better understanding of HDL functions led to a paradigm shift in HDL studies from investigation of HDL concentration to investigation of HDL functions (such as, cholesterol efflux capacity and anti-inflammatory indices) as a response to various therapeutic interventions. Several therapies aiming to improve HDL functions are in clinical use or under development. Future studies are needed to assess the role of HDL in vascular biology and cardiovascular epidemiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology.","PeriodicalId":92408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of laboratory and precision medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41899530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Investigative algorithms for disorders affecting plasma chloride: a narrative review 影响血浆氯离子紊乱的调查算法:叙述性回顾

Journal of laboratory and precision medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/jlpm-22-7

Chloe Darragh-Hickey, Kade C Flowers, A. Shipman, George T. Allen, Sukhbir Kaur, K. Shipman

{"title":"Investigative algorithms for disorders affecting plasma chloride: a narrative review","authors":"Chloe Darragh-Hickey, Kade C Flowers, A. Shipman, George T. Allen, Sukhbir Kaur, K. Shipman","doi":"10.21037/jlpm-22-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/jlpm-22-7","url":null,"abstract":"of a special series to aid the reader in diagnosing the cause of various electrolyte imbalances. A focussed literature review will, by the end of this article, enable the reader to correctly order and interpret laboratory tests to investigate derangements in plasma chloride. Methods: A narrative, focused literature review was performed of English language resources using PubMed, OMIM and Google. References published from database inception to January 2022 were searched for during September 2021 to January 2022. Further articles were identified from reference lists. Key Content and Findings: Chloride concentration can be affected by changes in acid base status and is closely linked to sodium homeostasis. Hyperchloraemia is most commonly due to water loss and associated with hypernatraemia, mismatch may indicate a spurious result. Hypochloraemia is associated with metabolic alkalosis and renal salt-losing tubulopathies. Although 24-hour urine chloride collections can be used to aid diagnosis the range of variables affecting results makes it controversial and results should only be interpreted with caution. Conclusions: Diagnostic schema will be presented, and the limitations of the laboratory tests discussed. By provision of diagnostic algorithms investigation choice and interpretation is supported allowing healthcare professionals to confirm clinical diagnoses and more expertly review the most complex cases.","PeriodicalId":92408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of laboratory and precision medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45520707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigative algorithms for disorders affecting alkalosis: a narrative review 影响碱中毒的疾病的研究算法：叙述性综述

Journal of laboratory and precision medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/jlpm-22-8

George T. Allen, A. Shipman, Chloe Darragh-Hickey, Kade C Flowers, Sukhbir Kaur, K. Shipman

引用次数: 0

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for diagnosis of invasive fungal infectious diseases: a narrative review 宏基因组下一代测序（mNGS）诊断侵袭性真菌感染性疾病的叙述性综述

Journal of laboratory and precision medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/jlpm-21-25

Nana Song, Xiaofang Li, Weida Liu

{"title":"Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for diagnosis of invasive fungal infectious diseases: a narrative review","authors":"Nana Song, Xiaofang Li, Weida Liu","doi":"10.21037/jlpm-21-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/jlpm-21-25","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) remain important causes of high morbidity and mortality in many immunosuppressed patients. Accurate etiology diagnosis coupled with subsequent initiation of effective treatment is crucial for severe or critical IFDs. As conventional diagnostic approaches require the successful culture of pathogenic organisms or suspicion of certain pathogens before testing, the implementation of non-targeted metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is rapidly increasing in IFDs. mNGS is a high-throughput sequencing technology that provides direct information on nucleic acids from various types of specimens without relying on culture and hypothesis. It can detect all potential pathogens in theory and is especially useful for identifying unknown, rare, newly emerging or mixed infections. Currently, the clinical application of mNGS in the diagnosis of IFDs may be in the most difficult cases to diagnose or for patients who are intolerant to invasive operations, immunocompromised, or seriously ill. Studies have shown that the sensitivity and specificity of mNGS in fungal diagnosis are better than culture and histopathology. However, some hurdles to mNGS testing in the diagnosis of IFDs remain to be addressed, including high costs, influence of human host background, exogenous microbial contamination, poor detection efficiency of thickwall fungi, etc. With strategies developed to overcome these obstacles, mNGS is expected to be a routine diagnostic method of IFDs in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":92408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of laboratory and precision medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46938524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Comparison of TP53 mutation analysis findings for tar pitch dermatopathy and ionizing radiation-related skin cancer 沥青皮肤病和电离辐射相关皮肤癌症TP53突变分析结果的比较

Journal of laboratory and precision medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/jlpm-21-69

K. Ishino, Hidetaka Yamada, T. Kahyo, R. Hino, Motonobu Nakamura, S. Shimajiri, M. Hisaoka, M. Kasami, Y. Tokura, H. Sugimura

引用次数: 1

Heart failure among patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: diagnostic and predictive biomarkers: a narrative review 糖尿病前期和2型糖尿病患者的心力衰竭：诊断和预测生物标志物：叙述性综述

Journal of laboratory and precision medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/jlpm-21-37

A. Berezin, M. Lichtenauer, A. Berezin

引用次数: 1

Iron deficiency in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases: an update 慢性炎症性肠病缺铁:最新进展

Journal of laboratory and precision medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/jlpm-21-49

K. Peoc’h, H. Manceau, F. Joly, X. Tréton

{"title":"Iron deficiency in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases: an update","authors":"K. Peoc’h, H. Manceau, F. Joly, X. Tréton","doi":"10.21037/jlpm-21-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/jlpm-21-49","url":null,"abstract":": Iron deficiency (ID) is the most frequent nutritional deficiency worldwide, with more than 1.2 billion affected individuals with anemia and probably more than double without anemia. ID can be either absolute by a relative insufficiency of intakes, loss excess, or functional, mainly due to inflammation. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) include Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and unclassified inflammatory bowel disease, which share a common trait chronic inflammation of the digestive tract wall. These diseases are increasing worldwide over the years. The ID is relatively frequent in IBD (up to 76% of patients in some studieg, ID is underdiagnosed and undertre in this settingated, generally when the deficiency is not associated with anemia, which is the cardinal symptom of this extra digestive complication. Indeed, the current use of ferritin assay, which is abnormally high those diseases, de to inflammation, is probably the main reason offorhis undunderdiagnoseshe adjunction of the calculation of transferrin saturation and the exploration of other nutritional deficiencies are recommended the diagnosis and in the follow up of the diseases, notably to help treating the intense asthenia that patients often report. Herein, we aimed to present an overview of ID prevalence, physiopathology, diagnosis, and treatment considerations in IBD patients.","PeriodicalId":92408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of laboratory and precision medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44519897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response to the editorial “High-density lipoprotein: a double-edged sword in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology” 对社论《高密度脂蛋白：心血管生理学和病理生理学中的一把双刃剑》的回应

Journal of laboratory and precision medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/jlpm-22-22

G. Ndrepepa

引用次数: 0

Hemoglobin Shelby interfered with the leukocyte differential channel of the Mindray BC-6800Plus hematology analyzer: a case report 血红蛋白Shelby干扰迈瑞BC-6800Plus血液分析仪白细胞微分通道1例

Journal of laboratory and precision medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/jlpm-21-56

E. Urrechaga, Mónica Merino, Mónica Fernández, Jaione Aguirrezabal, Rafael Del Orbe

引用次数: 1