British Journal of Biomedical Science最新文献

{"title":"The Benefits of Using Case Study Focussed, Problem Based Learning Approaches to Unit Design for Biomedical Science Students.","authors":"Mareike G Posner,&nbsp;Nina C Dempsey,&nbsp;Amanda J Unsworth","doi":"10.3389/bjbs.2023.11494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/bjbs.2023.11494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As part of the Biomedical Sciences undergraduate degree course students are required to apply biological principles to the interpretation of clinical case studies and the diagnosis of patients. Case study-based learning, i.e., application of knowledge to patient diagnosis, is new to most students as case studies do not form part of non-applied A level courses in biological sciences. This approach is an example of Problem Based Learning (PBL) which has been shown to support higher levels of student learning, encouraging critical thinking and analysis. PBL approaches have also been shown to increase academic satisfaction and student engagement. In recent years we have observed a downwards trend in student engagement and historically student performance in applied case study-based assessments to be lower than that observed for assessments based on detailing fundamental biological principles. We hypothesised that PBL teaching delivery would support students in preparing for case study-based assessments, helping them to demonstrate their critical evaluation and problem-solving skills, and hence, improve student performance. We also hypothesised that the student learning experience would be enhanced by a PBL teaching delivery approach which would improve overall engagement. We therefore redesigned a second year Biomedical Sciences degree haematology and clinical biochemistry unit: \"Blood Science,\" with a stronger focus on PBL, including case study focussed activities throughout the unit. We subsequently analysed whether this PBL-focussed unit design improved student experience and feedback, student engagement and student confidence for biomedical science undergraduate students. We present here, our teaching strategy and the impact our changes had on student feedback for the 21/22 and 22/23 academic years. Our findings demonstrate that case study-based activities and tutorial PBL exercises, when incorporated into the curriculum design, can improve student experience in the Biomedical Sciences and other biological science undergraduate degree courses.</p>","PeriodicalId":9236,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Biomedical Science","volume":"80 ","pages":"11494"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10340524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10202769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital Reservoirs of Multidrug Resistant <i>Acinetobacter</i> Species-The Elephant in the Room!","authors":"S Fahy,&nbsp;J A O'Connor,&nbsp;B Lucey,&nbsp;R D Sleator","doi":"10.3389/bjbs.2023.11098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/bjbs.2023.11098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental contamination is estimated to contribute to up to 20% of all hospital acquired infections. <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is an example of one the most prevalent opportunistic pathogens causing severe and persistent infections in immunocompromised patients. It has proven ability to form biofilms, has significant associated multi-drug resistance and is able to transfer mobile genetic elements to other clinically relevant pathogens. All of these factors point to a definite utility of <i>A. baumannii</i> as an indicator organism for effectiveness of decontamination regimens as well as environmental screening. There is an increased cost, both financial and clinical, associated with multi drug resistant organisms, carbapenem resistant <i>A. baumannii</i>. With a dearth of new antimicrobials in development, now is the time to radically transform and lead the introduction of scientifically based environmental screening and microbiological verified decontamination to control the dissemination of further resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9236,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Biomedical Science","volume":"80 ","pages":"11098"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10069268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9626454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UK Reference Intervals for Parathyroid Hormone Using Abbott Methods.","authors":"Mehdi Mirzazadeh,&nbsp;Craig Webster,&nbsp;Gayani Weerasinghe,&nbsp;Thomas Morris,&nbsp;Tim James,&nbsp;Brian Shine","doi":"10.3389/bjbs.2023.11224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/bjbs.2023.11224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism requires measurement of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the context of the plasma calcium and other factors, such as vitamin D status and renal function. Accurate classification depends upon an appropriate population reference interval. We examined local population plasma PTH reference intervals at four different UK sites using a common platform. <b>Methods:</b> Plasma PTH results were extracted from laboratory information systems at four different UK sites, all using the Abbott Architect i2000 method. We included only people with normal adjusted serum calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, and renal function. Following outlier rejection lower and upper reference limits were derived. <b>Results:</b> An overall reference interval for plasma PTH of 3.0-13.7 pmol/L was observed using a non-parametric approach compared to 2.9-14.1 pmol/L using a parametric approach, notably higher than the manufacturer's representative range of 1.6-7.2 pmol/L. We also noted statistically significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.00001) between some sites with upper limits ranging from 11.5 to 15.8 pmol/L which may be due to different population characteristics of each group. <b>Conclusion:</b> Locally derived reference intervals may be beneficial for UK populations and revised upper thresholds are necessary when using the Abbott PTH method to avoid inappropriate classification of patients as having hyperparathyroidism.</p>","PeriodicalId":9236,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Biomedical Science","volume":"80 ","pages":"11224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10150696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9410440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR).","authors":"Ka Wah Kelly Tang,&nbsp;Beverley C Millar,&nbsp;John E Moore","doi":"10.3389/bjbs.2023.11387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/bjbs.2023.11387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has now emerged as a chronic public health problem globally, with the forecast of 10 million deaths per year globally by 2050. AMR occurs when viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites do not respond to antimicrobial treatments in humans and animals, thus allowing the survival of the microorganism within the host. The prominent cause contributing to the current crisis remains to be the overuse and misuse of antimicrobials, particularly the inappropriate usage of antibiotics, increasing the global burden of antimicrobial resistance. The global consumption and usage of antibiotics are therefore closely monitored at all times. This review provides a current overview of the implications of strategies used by international governmental organisations, including the UN's 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), to address the problem of antibiotic resistance, as well as the \"<i>One Health Approach</i>,\" a system incorporating a multidisciplinary effort to achieve the best possible health outcome by acknowledging the clear connections between humans, animals and their shared environment. The importance of public awareness and health literacy of lay audiences still needs to be further emphasised as part of global and local action plans. Antimicrobial resistance continues to be a major global public health dilemma of the 21st century. Already this topic is receiving substantial political input from the G7 countries and continues to be on the agenda of numerous political conferences. The consequences of failure to adequately address AMR are profound, with estimations of a return to the pre-antibiotic era, where everyday infections relating to childbirth, surgery and open fractured limbs could be potentially life-threatening. AMR itself represents a microcosm of factors, including social anthropology, civil unrest/war, diasporas, ethnic displacement, political systems, healthcare, economics, societal behaviour both at a population and individual level, health literacy, geoclimatic events, global travel and pharmaceutical innovation and investment, thus finding a solution that adequately addresses AMR and which helps stem further AMR emergence is complicated. Success will involve individuals, communities and nations all working together to ensure that the world continues to possess a sufficient armamentarium of effective antimicrobials that will sustain human and animal health, both now and in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":9236,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Biomedical Science","volume":"80 ","pages":"11387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10336207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10199042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPHINX-Based Combination Therapy as a Potential Novel Treatment Strategy for Acute Myeloid Leukaemia.","authors":"Chigeru Wodi,&nbsp;Tareg Belali,&nbsp;Ruth Morse,&nbsp;Sean Porazinski,&nbsp;Michael Ladomery","doi":"10.3389/bjbs.2023.11041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/bjbs.2023.11041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Dysregulated alternative splicing is a prominent feature of cancer. The inhibition and knockdown of the SR splice factor kinase SRPK1 reduces tumour growth <i>in vivo</i>. As a result several SPRK1 inhibitors are in development including SPHINX, a 3-(trifluoromethyl)anilide scaffold. The objective of this study was to treat two leukaemic cell lines with SPHINX in combination with the established cancer drugs azacitidine and imatinib. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> We selected two representative cell lines; Kasumi-1, acute myeloid leukaemia, and K562, BCR-ABL positive chronic myeloid leukaemia. Cells were treated with SPHINX concentrations up to 10μM, and in combination with azacitidine (up to 1.5 μg/ml, Kasumi-1 cells) and imatinib (up to 20 μg/ml, K562 cells). Cell viability was determined by counting the proportion of live cells and those undergoing apoptosis through the detection of activated caspase 3/7. SRPK1 was knocked down with siRNA to confirm SPHINX results. <b>Results:</b> The effects of SPHINX were first confirmed by observing reduced levels of phosphorylated SR proteins. SPHINX significantly reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis in Kasumi-1 cells, but less prominently in K562 cells. Knockdown of SRPK1 by RNA interference similarly reduced cell viability. Combining SPHINX with azacitidine augmented the effect of azacitidine in Kasumi-1 cells. In conclusion, SPHINX reduces cell viability and increases apoptosis in the acute myeloid leukaemia cell line Kasumi-1, but less convincingly in the chronic myeloid leukaemia cell line K562. <b>Conclusion:</b> We suggest that specific types of leukaemia may present an opportunity for the development of SRPK1-targeted therapies to be used in combination with established chemotherapeutic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9236,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Biomedical Science","volume":"80 ","pages":"11041"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9988938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9178494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Mitochondrial Epigenome in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Hui Ching Low,&nbsp;William M Chilian,&nbsp;Wickneswari Ratnam,&nbsp;Tilakavati Karupaiah,&nbsp;Mohd Fairulnizal Md Noh,&nbsp;Fazliana Mansor,&nbsp;Zhi Xiang Ng,&nbsp;Yuh Fen Pung","doi":"10.3389/bjbs.2023.10884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/bjbs.2023.10884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a major chronic metabolic disorder in public health. Due to mitochondria's indispensable role in the body, its dysfunction has been implicated in the development and progression of multiple diseases, including Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Thus, factors that can regulate mitochondrial function, like mtDNA methylation, are of significant interest in managing T2DM. In this paper, the overview of epigenetics and the mechanism of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA methylation were briefly discussed, followed by other mitochondrial epigenetics. Subsequently, the association between mtDNA methylation with T2DM and the challenges of mtDNA methylation studies were also reviewed. This review will aid in understanding the impact of mtDNA methylation on T2DM and future advancements in T2DM treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9236,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Biomedical Science","volume":"80 ","pages":"10884"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9970885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9393294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Role of CD68⁺ and CD163⁺ Tumour-Associated Macrophages and PD-L1 Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Mohammed Haseeb Chohan,&nbsp;Matthew Perry,&nbsp;Paul Laurance-Young,&nbsp;Vehid M Salih,&nbsp;Andrew D Foey","doi":"10.3389/bjbs.2023.11065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/bjbs.2023.11065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignant cancer in humans. An abundance of tumour associated macrophages (TAMs) create an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME). TAM markers (CD163 and CD68) are seen to serve as prognostic factors in OSCC. PD-L1 has seen to widely modulate the TME but its prognostic significance remains controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the prognostic role of CD163⁺, CD68⁺ TAMs and PD-L1 in OSCC patients. <b>Methods:</b> Searches in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were performed; 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Quality assessment of included studies was performed according to REMARK guidelines. Risk of bias across studies was investigated according to the rate of heterogeneity. Meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association of all three biomarkers with overall survival (OS). <b>Results:</b> High expression of CD163⁺ TAMs were associated with poor overall survival (HR = 2.64; 95% Cl: [1.65, 4.23]; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Additionally, high stromal expression of CD163⁺ TAMs correlated with poor overall survival (HR = 3.56; 95% Cl: [2.33, 5.44]; <i>p</i> < 0.00001). Conversely, high CD68 and PD-L1 expression was not associated with overall survival (HR = 1.26; 95% Cl: [0.76, 2.07]; <i>p</i> = 0.37) (HR = 0.64; 95% Cl: [0.35, 1.18]; <i>p</i> = 0.15). <b>Conclusion:</b> In conclusion, our findings indicate CD163⁺ can provide prognostic utility in OSCC. However, our data suggests CD68⁺ TAMs were not associated with any prognostic relevance in OSCC patients, whereas PD-L1 expression may prove to be a differential prognostic marker dependent on tumour location and stage of progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9236,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Biomedical Science","volume":"80 ","pages":"11065"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10310926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10143762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i> Improves Lipid Metabolism Disorder and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.","authors":"Wenting Xuan,&nbsp;Yijing Ou,&nbsp;Wenting Chen,&nbsp;Lishan Huang,&nbsp;Chuangyu Wen,&nbsp;Guangying Huang,&nbsp;Wenting Tang,&nbsp;Daidi Zeng,&nbsp;Suran Huang,&nbsp;Lijuan Xiao,&nbsp;Zhongjun Li","doi":"10.3389/bjbs.2023.10794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/bjbs.2023.10794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> Additional effective therapeutic strategies for Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients are urgently needed<i>.</i> Gut microbiota plays an important role in T2D development and is a promising treatment strategy for T2D patients. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (<i>F. prausnitzii</i>) is regarded as one of the most important bacterial indicators for a healthy gut, but the mechanisms of its anti-diabetic properties are still unclear. <b>Methods and Results:</b> The abundance of <i>F. prausnitzii</i> in feces of patients with T2D was detected by using qPCR. The effects of <i>F. prausnitzii</i> on glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis and inflammation were investigated in type 2 diabetic (T2D) db/db mice. We also investigated <i>F. prausnitzii</i> in people. Our results showed that the abundance of <i>F. prausnitzii</i> was significantly lower in T2D patients compared to healthy subjects. In T2D mice, we found that <i>F. prausnitzii</i> treatment significantly decreased fasting blood glucose and IR index, indicating improved glucose intolerance as well as IR. Furthermore, based on evaluation of lipid-regulating enzyme activities and proinflammatory cytokine levels, <i>F. prausnitzii</i> was not only able to improve inflammation in both adipose tissue and liver, but also ameliorate hepatic steatosis through inhibiting the activity of hepatic lipogenic enzymes. <b>Conclusion:</b> These results suggested that <i>F. prausnitzii</i> might serve as a therapeutic option for T2D by improved IR, lipid metabolism and inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9236,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Biomedical Science","volume":"80 ","pages":"10794"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10070466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9271374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing Molecular Profiles of Human Cryptosporidiosis Cases in Scotland as a Result of the Coronavirus Disease, COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Ross Bacchetti,&nbsp;Lisa Connelly,&nbsp;Lynda Browning,&nbsp;Claire L Alexander","doi":"10.3389/bjbs.2023.11462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/bjbs.2023.11462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cryptosporidium</i>, the most frequently reported parasite in Scotland, causes gastrointestinal illness resulting in diarrhoea, nausea and cramps. Two species are responsible for most cases: <i>Cryptosporidium hominis (C. hominis)</i> and <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> (<i>C. parvum</i>). Transmission occurs faecal-orally, through ingestion of contaminated food and water, or direct contact with faeces. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic led to global restrictions, including national lockdowns to limit viral transmission. Such interventions led to decreased social mixing, and reduced/no local and international travel, which are factors associated with transmission of multiple communicable diseases, including cryptosporidiosis. This report assessed the impact of the pandemic on Scottish cryptosporidiosis cases, and identified changes in circulating molecular variants of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species. Molecular data generated using real time PCR and GP60 nested-PCR assays on laboratory-confirmed cryptosporidiosis cases reported during 2018-22 were analysed. The Scottish Microbiology Reference Laboratories (SMiRL), Glasgow, received 774 <i>Cryptosporidium</i>-positive faeces during 2018-22, of which 486 samples were successfully subtyped. During this time period, <i>C. hominis</i> (<i>n</i> = 155; 21%) and <i>C. parvum</i> (<i>n</i> = 572; 77%) were the most commonly detected species. The total number of cases during 2020, which was greatly affected by the pandemic, was markedly lower in comparison to case numbers in the 2 years before and after 2020. The most predominant <i>C. hominis</i> family detected prior to 2020 was the Ib family which shifted to the Ie family during 2022. The most common <i>C. parvum</i> variant during 2018-22 was the IIa family, however a rise in the IId family was observed (<i>n</i> = 6 in 2018 to <i>n</i> = 25 in 2022). The dominant <i>C. hominis</i> subtype IbA10G2, which accounted for 71% of <i>C. hominis</i> subtypes in 2018-19 was superseded by three rare subtypes: IeA11G3T3 (<i>n</i> = 15), IdA16 (<i>n</i> = 8) and IbA9G3 (<i>n</i> = 3) by 2022. Frequently reported <i>C. parvum</i> subtypes in 2018-19 were IIaA15G2R1 and IIaA17G1R1, accounting for 59% of total <i>C. parvum</i> subtypes. By 2022, IIaA15G2R1 remained the most common (<i>n</i> = 28), however three unusual subtypes in Scotland emerged: IIdA24G1 (<i>n</i> = 7), IIaA16G3R1 (<i>n</i> = 7) and IIaA15G1R2 (<i>n</i> = 7). Continuous monitoring of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> variants following the pandemic will be essential to explore further changes and emergence of strains with altered virulence.</p>","PeriodicalId":9236,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Biomedical Science","volume":"80 ","pages":"11462"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10493326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10244476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relevance of HLA-DP/DQ and INF-λ4 Polymorphisms to COVID-19 Outcomes.","authors":"Amany A Ghazy,&nbsp;Abdullah N Alrasheedi,&nbsp;Mohammed Elashri,&nbsp;Hany Hussein Moussa,&nbsp;Eman K Rashwan,&nbsp;Ibrahim Amer,&nbsp;Shimaa El Sharawy,&nbsp;Shimaa Elgamal,&nbsp;Salwa Tawfik,&nbsp;Mohamed Abdelnasser,&nbsp;Amel Elsheredy","doi":"10.3389/bjbs.2023.11044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/bjbs.2023.11044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Single nucleotide polymorphisms provide information on individuals' potential reactions to environmental factors, infections, diseases, as well as various therapies. A study on SNPs that influence SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and severity may provide a predictive tool for COVID-19 outcomes and improve the customized coronavirus treatment. <b>Aim:</b> To evaluate the role of human leukocyte antigens DP/DQ and IFNλ4 polymorphisms on COVID-19 outcomes among Egyptian patients. <b>Participants and Methods:</b> The study involved 80 patients with severe COVID-19, 80 patients with mild COVID-19, and 80 non-infected healthy volunteers. Genotyping and allelic discrimination of HLA-DPrs3077 (G/A), HLA-DQrs7453920 (A/G), and IFNλ4 rs73555604 (C/T) SNPs were performed using real-time PCR. <b>Results:</b> Ages were 47.9 ± 8, 44.1 ± 12.1, and 45.8 ± 10 years in severe, mild and non-infected persons. There was a statistically significant association between severe COVID-19 and male gender (<i>p</i> = 0.002). A statistically significant increase in the frequency of HLA-DPrs3077G, HLA-DQrs7453920A, and IFNλ4rs73555604C alleles among severe COVID-19 patients when compared with other groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Coexistence of these alleles in the same individual increases the susceptibility to severe COVID-19 by many folds (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for the studied parameters showed that old age, male gender, non-vaccination, HLA-DQ rs7453920AG+AA, HLA-DPrs3077GA+GG, and IFNλ4rs73555604CT+CC genotypes are independent risk factors for severe COVID-19 among Egyptian patients. <b>Conclusion</b>: HLA-DQ rs7453920A, HLA-DPrs3077G, and IFNλ4rs73555604C alleles could be used as markers of COVID-19 severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9236,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Biomedical Science","volume":"80 ","pages":"11044"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9894893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9236831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}