BiotargetPub Date : 2019-05-05DOI: 10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.04.02
Jongchan Kim
{"title":"Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 and cancer metastasis","authors":"Jongchan Kim","doi":"10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.04.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.04.02","url":null,"abstract":"Since Malat1 was identified as a prognostic marker for poor clinical outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, number of Malat1 studies have revealed its roles in human cancers (1,2). Recently, we demonstrated unexpected Malat1 Malat1</em studies conducted by ourselves and others by comparing research designs and interpreting the results.","PeriodicalId":92338,"journal":{"name":"Biotarget","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.04.02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45835071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiotargetPub Date : 2019-04-23DOI: 10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.04.01
Matthew R. Jones, Jin-San Zhang, S. Bellusci
{"title":"Bronchioalveolar stem cells vindicated!","authors":"Matthew R. Jones, Jin-San Zhang, S. Bellusci","doi":"10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.04.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.04.01","url":null,"abstract":"Fourteen years ago, Kim et al . (1) reported the existence of bronchioalveolar stem cells (BASCs) in the lung. These cells expressed both secretoglobin family 1A member 1 (Scgb1a1) and surfactant protein c (Sftpc), the differentiation marker of club cells and alveolar epithelial type 2 cells, respectively.","PeriodicalId":92338,"journal":{"name":"Biotarget","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.04.01","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49173862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiotargetPub Date : 2019-02-09DOI: 10.21037/biotarget.2019.08.05
C. Kao, A. Parulekar
{"title":"Use of a cross circulation platform to regenerate lungs with induced gastric injury","authors":"C. Kao, A. Parulekar","doi":"10.21037/biotarget.2019.08.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/biotarget.2019.08.05","url":null,"abstract":"Lung transplantation is a therapeutic option for patients with end-stage lung disease for which no other treatments exist. Since 2012, the number of new candidates added to the wait list and the number of lung transplantations performed in the United States has increased (1). Despite an increase in the number of lung donor counts by 13.9% from 2015–2016, the overall mortality rate for candidates listed for lung transplant is 17.2 per 100 wait-list years (1,2).","PeriodicalId":92338,"journal":{"name":"Biotarget","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45540951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiotargetPub Date : 2019-02-09DOI: 10.21037/biotarget.2019.08.03
G. Getz, C. Reardon
{"title":"The “HDL receptor” scavenger receptor class B type 1 finesses the uptake of low-density lipoproteins into the subendothelial space of arteries","authors":"G. Getz, C. Reardon","doi":"10.21037/biotarget.2019.08.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/biotarget.2019.08.03","url":null,"abstract":"Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammation initiated by the accumulation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in the subendothelial space of the artery wall in spatially selected regions of the artery. The LDL is derived from circulating plasma lipoproteins. The passage of macromolecules across the endothelial barrier may involve one of three mechanisms—diffusional, paracellular or transcellular.","PeriodicalId":92338,"journal":{"name":"Biotarget","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/biotarget.2019.08.03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44306512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiotargetPub Date : 2019-01-25DOI: 10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.01.01
G. Clawson
{"title":"What’s up with MALAT1?","authors":"G. Clawson","doi":"10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) comprise transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides which do not code for proteins. lncRNAs have engendered considerable interest with regard to their potential role(s) in metastasis and cancer progression, with particular interest focused on the lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 [MALAT1; see (1,2) for recent reviews].","PeriodicalId":92338,"journal":{"name":"Biotarget","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.01.01","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48382401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiotargetPub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.01.02
Manuel Regouc, M. Pichler
{"title":"The new role of lncRNA MALAT1 as a tumor suppressor","authors":"Manuel Regouc, M. Pichler","doi":"10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"The research about long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their effect on the hallmarks of cancer is gaining more and more importance in recent years. lncRNA and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are distinguished by their ability to translate the transcript into proteins (1). Instead, these non-coding and over 200 nucleotides long ribonucleic acids play significant roles in regulation of transcription, translation, chromatin remodeling and several intracellular pathways (2). Dysregulated expression of lncRNAs in cancer cells shows a direct correlation to the extent of growth, invasion and metastasis in many different cancer types and thus influences the prognosis and therapy response (1).","PeriodicalId":92338,"journal":{"name":"Biotarget","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/BIOTARGET.2019.01.02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46125392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiotargetPub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.21037/BIOTARGET.2018.12.04
Brigitte Neuber, M. Schmitt
{"title":"Engineered natural killer cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CAR)—a promising approach in tumor immunotherapy","authors":"Brigitte Neuber, M. Schmitt","doi":"10.21037/BIOTARGET.2018.12.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/BIOTARGET.2018.12.04","url":null,"abstract":"Cell gene therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of cancers resistant to conventional therapy with cytostatic drugs and monoclonal antibodies. In particular, the use of genetically engineered immune cells showed remarkable results in the treatment of patients with leukemia and lymphoma, but there are still undeniable limitations of this approach. In the paper “Human iPSC-derived natural killer cells engineered with chimeric antigen receptors enhance anti-tumor activity” (1). Li et al . provide interesting possibilities to enable improved anti-tumor activity and gives potentially concepts to overcome the limits especially in the field of solid tumors.","PeriodicalId":92338,"journal":{"name":"Biotarget","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/BIOTARGET.2018.12.04","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42034822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway on nerve regeneration","authors":"Ziwei Huang, Jianwei Zhu, Jiacheng Sun, Wenjing Ma, Lingbin Wang, Qiuyu Zhang, Hualin Sun","doi":"10.21037/BIOTARGET.2018.12.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/BIOTARGET.2018.12.01","url":null,"abstract":"Nerve injury is a serious clinical common problem not only caused by violence usually in traffic accident but also non-violence related disease like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other motor neuron diseases. All these diseases always come with severe consequences including loss of function and even to paralysis which are associated with significant high mortality. Although many useful treatments have been developed, completely recovery of damaged nerve function is usually hardly obtained. Because successful functional recovery of injured nerve lie in not only axon regeneration, neuronal survival but also reconstructing transmission of myelin-based electric nerve stimulation as well as re-innervation of denervated targets. Recent research has suggested that low intrinsic capacity of neuron may be genuinely responsible for regeneration failure. PI3K/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway has been found playing crucial roles in the growth of central nervous system axons, and confirmed as a major intracellular signaling axis that control axon regeneration. In nerve dissection animal models, the mTOR activity was suppressed and protein synthesis was impaired, while reactivating this pathway successfully led to axon regeneration. Emerging evidence show that mTOR is required during multiple intricate physiological process in nerve regeneration. This review focuses on recent study which are mTOR related, introducing basic knowledge of mTOR including protein structure and its function in either physiological or pathological process, discussing the therapeutic potential of mTOR-based treatment.","PeriodicalId":92338,"journal":{"name":"Biotarget","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48246510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiotargetPub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.21037/BIOTARGET.2018.12.02
J. Floyd, R. Prasad
{"title":"The human papillomavirus vaccine: a potentially novel treatment for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"J. Floyd, R. Prasad","doi":"10.21037/BIOTARGET.2018.12.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/BIOTARGET.2018.12.02","url":null,"abstract":"Inthe United States, 42.5% of patients ages 18–59 years who sought treatment forgenital infections throughout 2013–2014 were infected with any type of humanpapillomavirus (HPV) (1). The HPV affects millions of reproductive-age adultsin the United States and countless more throughout the world. In 2016, the U.S.FDA released a 9-valent HPV vaccine, commonly known as Gardasil-9, withintended uses in preventing the contraction of HPV and development of HPV-relateddiseases (2). However, new research suggests that this vaccine may have otherclinically significant treatment applications. A recent study published byNichols et al. in JAMA Dermatology entitled “Combined systemicand intratumoral administration of human papillomavirus vaccine to treatmultiple cutaneous basaloid squamous cell carcinomas”, which proposes the 9-valentHPV vaccine may be able to treat basaloid squamous cell carcinomas (bSCCs) (3).This novel finding has the potential to positively affect not only the millionsof people at risk for contracting HPV but also millions of patients sufferingfrom basal and squamous cell carcinomas, BCCs and SCCs, respectively.","PeriodicalId":92338,"journal":{"name":"Biotarget","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/BIOTARGET.2018.12.02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43909351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}