Asian journal of agriculture and food science最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic of Accumulation of Dry Substance and Formation of Photosynthetic Surface of Pea According to the Fattening Food Dose","authors":"Alaric Makoundou, Ilitch Christian Nguinda –Akani, J. Yoka","doi":"10.24203/ajafs.v7i5.5959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/ajafs.v7i5.5959","url":null,"abstract":"      The objective of study is to appreciate the influence of different manure of dynamic accumulation of dry substances on the local variety of pea. It has been establish a considerable influence of manure on the photosynthetic potential of plants and photosynthesis production of pea (Pisum Sativum LS).Methodology and results : four dose, only or combined, Nitrogen, phosphorus, and Potassuim have been brought on the variety plantation local of pea. Organic manure were brought under form of rot manure. The dynamic of increasement daily  means  of dry substance at plantation air during vegetation of pea presented an interest. The resultats show that the  combined contribution (N25 P30 K30) has increased the production of  local variety pea. The analyse of photosynthetic potential of plants of all period of germination to the formation of bud show that, this indication is more arise in the variants with the average dose of NPK and with the use of residual effects of organo-mineral system of 1677,2 m2 /ha the day to 1685.1 m2 /ha the day. The biggest mass of dry substance of pea plantation is formed during the period full maturity, which is formed in functionof manure dose studied (400,0-576,9 g/m2).Conclusion : the manure influence positively the increasement of accumulation of the dry substance by the pea plantation. This work illustrate the effect of photosynthetic variations in period of interphase of grains maturity dependent of mineral nutrition  and climatics conditions.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45598332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil from Qiancao (Rubia cordifolia Linn.) Roots against Selected Foodborne Pathogens","authors":"Weiqin Li, Meiping Quan, Qin Li","doi":"10.24203/AJAFS.V7I4.5876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/AJAFS.V7I4.5876","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical composition of the essential oil from Qiancao roots was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and 43 components were identified in the paper. Mollugin (30.58%) was found to be the major component, followed by 3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one (10.55%), 4-tert-butyl-2-phenyl-phenol (8.64%) and eugenol (6.30%). The antibacterial activity of essential oil against selected food-borne pathogens was evaluated. The results showed that the sensitivity to essential oil were different for different tested bacteria and the essential oil had a strong antibacterial activity against B. cereus with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericide concentration (MBC) values of 0.0625 and 0.125 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, microbial growth curve assay also showed that the essential oil had a significant effect on the growth rate of surviving B. cereus. The data of this study suggests that the essential oil from Qiancao roots has great potential for application as a natural antimicrobial agent to preserve food.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42969310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Quality Assessment of Breakfast Cereals from Blends of Whole Yellow Maize (Zea mays), Soybean (Glycine max) and Unripe Banana (Musa sapientum)","authors":"Anne P. Edima-Nyah, Victor E. Ntukidem, Edikan I. James","doi":"10.24203/AJAFS.V7I4.5898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/AJAFS.V7I4.5898","url":null,"abstract":"Breakfast cereals were produced from yellow maize, soybean and banana flours blended to form different percentage composites. Six composite samples were evaluated to determine the Proximate, Mineral and Vitamin composition, and Sensory qualities. Results of moisture content showed that sample F (0:20:80) had the highest value (6.13±0.02%) while sample E (40:20:40) had the least value (5.42±0.03%), this signifies that sample F (0:20:80) will experience early spoilage compared to sample E (40:20:40). The highest protein content (14.75±0.05) was recorded by sample A (80:20:0), the least value was observed in sample F (0:20:80). Sample A (80:20:0) also had the highest values in fat content (4.82±0.14%) and fibre (4.25±0.03%). Sample F (0:20:80) had the highest value in ash content (3.80±0.03%) and carbohydrate content (76.56±0.05%). For mineral content, there was a significant difference (P<0.05) among the samples. Sample F (0:20:80) had the highest value in iron (68.25±0.26mg/100g), calcium (170.00±0.20mg/100g), potassium (220.80±1.10 mg/100g) and sodium (470.10±0.10 mg/100g). Sample C (60:20:20) had the highest phosphorus content (10.74±0.02 mg/100g). Significant difference (P<0.05) existed among the samples for vitamin composition. Sample E (40:20:40) had the highest vitamin content in both vitamin A (22.01±0.25 mg/100g) and vitamin C (35.42±0.20 mg/100g).  In sensory evaluation, the samples were evaluated with a control sample (Golden morn). Significant difference (P<0.05) existed among the Breakfast cereals. Breakfast cereal served with cold milk, indicated that sample D (50:20:30) had the highest level of acceptability (7.30±0.45) among other samples. Acceptable Breakfast cereals can be produced from 50:20:30 formulation of Yellow Maize:Soybeans:Banana composite flour blends.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49405427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allelopathic Effect of (Sorghum bicolor L.) on Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Growth Characters","authors":"Sahar Y. Babiker, E. M. Mutwali","doi":"10.24203/AJAFS.V7I4.5774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/AJAFS.V7I4.5774","url":null,"abstract":"A pot experiment was carried out to study the effect of sorghum residue on germination and some growth characters of radish. The experiment comprised of four treatments where the soil was incorporated with sorghum residue powder at 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5%( w/w) for treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively, the control was free of sorghum residue. Results indicated that an increase was observed at low concentration of sorghum residue in germination, growth characters, but a decrease was detected in chlorophyll content and some elements (Na,Ca, K, P, ) content in radish incorporated with sorghum residue.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42597289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Current and Potential Future Climate Hazards and their Impacts on Livelihoods and Adaptation Strategies in Arid and Semiarid Lands","authors":"B. Wambua","doi":"10.24203/AJAFS.V7I4.5835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/AJAFS.V7I4.5835","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out in four selected counties within the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALS) of Kenya namely Garrisa, West Pokot, Kilifi and Tana River which were under Kenya-Adaptation to Climate Change in Arid Lands (KACCAL) program. The study focused on the current and potential future climate hazards and their impacts on livelihoods and adaptation strategies within the framework of Kenya – adaptation to climate change in arid lands. The ASALS covers 80% of Kenya’s land mass and support about 70 percent of the national livestock population and 90% of wildlife resources. Despite the great potential for development in the ASALS, the areas have continued experiencing great climate hazards leading to severe impacts on household livelihoods. The study methodology involved identification and assessing the major climatic hazards experienced for many years and implementation of adaptation strategies by the local communities. This involved a review of operating/ existing assessment of Climate Risks in Agriculture and Rural Development, Field visits, data collection and stakeholder consultation through a series of intensive questionnaire interviews with farmers, project Planners and managers and county officials in the four counties.The results showed that the four counties under study have been affected by droughts, floods, gusty winds and landslides hazards associated with climate change which have affected the livelihoods of the communities living in the ASALS. The impacts have been felt in food insecurity, scarcity of water resources, loss of livestock resources, persisted crop failure, increased malnutrition cases leading to infant morbidity and mortality among others. The intervention strategies to manage the climate change impacts  applied by stakeholders among other well-wishers are; distribution of food relief, provision of shelter, provision of tents, building gabions, moving families at high risk to saver grounds, construction of water dams and pans. At household level, intervention strategies used are diversification of livelihoods, growing of fodder crops to supplement the natural pasture, charcoal burning, growing of drought resistant crops among others. Subsequently, the study recommends that more awareness should be created among local communities so that they diversify their livelihoods to cope with changing climate. The stakeholder working in ASALs, County governments and National government should invest more on intervention strategies to management climate change impactsCommunities living in ASALs and other stakeholders should be trained on how to use tools and methodologies developed in order to monitor impacts of climate change in their respective counties and implement the appropriate intervention strategies to ensure households recover from impacts associated to of climate change. In other words, capacity building at community, county and national government should be a top priority.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44332025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Cleome Gynandra to Animal Manure","authors":"Tinashe Magada Mwarozva, L. Tembo, S. Mhungu, Reason R. Charachimwe","doi":"10.24203/AJAFS.V7I3.5783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/AJAFS.V7I3.5783","url":null,"abstract":"Low inherent soil fertility and high cost of synthetic fertilizers are some of the factors hindering productivity of indigenous leafy vegetables. Response of Cleome gynandra to cattle, goat and chicken manure was thus evaluated at Horticulture Research Institute, Marondera, Zimbabwe. The field trial was laid out as a Randomized Complete Block Design with seven treatments, replicated three times. Treatment levels comprised application rates of 50t/ha, 30t/ha and 0t/ha for cattle, goat and chicken manures. Results showed significant influence (P<0.05) of manure on germination percentage, growth parameters and leaf yield. Goat manure performed better than cattle and chicken manure with the highest germination, plant height and leaf yield of 100%, 48.2cm and 32.68t/ha respectively. Thus production of C. gynandra using goat manure is recommended for optimum yield. However, further studies under different manure type combinations and the cost benefit analysis of using animal manures for C. gynandra production are also recommended.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45132992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Family and Social Attributes on Caregivers Feeding Practices in the Northern Region of Ghana","authors":"Barma Laribick Dujin","doi":"10.24203/AJAFS.V7I2.5784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/AJAFS.V7I2.5784","url":null,"abstract":"This qualitative study of the influence of family and social attributes on caregivers’ feeding practices explores how socioeconomic and cultural factors affect caregivers’ feeding practices in the Northern Region of Ghana. The study further assessed how mealtime structure, feeding styles, and food availability and accessibility affected caregivers’ feeding practices. Seventy-nine caregivers of children under five years in the Savelugu/Nanton Municipality and Bunkpurugu/Yunyoo District in the Northern Region of Ghana participated in eight focus group discussions. The results showed that caregivers fed foods that were available and accessible at the family level. The results further revealed that caregivers adopted the authoritative feeding style and caregivers’ employment, income status and family mealtime structure seem to affect caregivers feeding practices. These findings have important implications for developing strategies to curb the high malnutrition prevalence in the study areas. Providing educational programmes by the Ghana Health Service and their partners would go a long way to improve good feeding practices and improve the health status of children in the study areas and Ghana as a country.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42988717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Assessment of Organic Carbon Fractions in Paddy and Associated Non-paddy Soils of Upper Brahmaputra Valley of Assam","authors":"Zenesia A. Phillips, R. Karmakar","doi":"10.24203/AJAFS.V7I2.5782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/AJAFS.V7I2.5782","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation was carried out to study the soil organic carbon fractions in paddy and associated non-paddy soils of Assam, India. Three districts viz. Sivasagar, Jorhat and Golaghat in the Brahmaputra valley of Assam were selected for this study. Soil samples were collected from six profiles, three each from mono-cropped paddy and associated non-paddy areas were collected. Horizon -wise, soil samples were analyzed for organic carbon fractions. Organic carbon, Humus C, Humin C, Humic acid C and Fulvic acid C were all analyzed from the samples. Organic carbon content in soil varied from 0.90 -7.90g kg⁻¹. Surface horizons of paddy soils contained lower amounts of humus C (0.255-0.330 per cent) and fulvic acid C (CFA) (0.135 – 0.180 per cent) and higher amounts of humin carbon (0.210 -0.475 per cent) and humic acid C (CHA) (0.120-0.150 per cent) as compared to that of non-paddy soils (0.300-0.435 and 0.195-0.300, 0.180-0.490 and 0.105-0.135 per cent respectively). It was concluded that the ratio of (CHA+CFA)/CTOC indicated less humification on the surface horizons of paddy soils. This is a direct result of prolonged submergence which led to humic acid carbon becoming less oxidized or humified.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45079025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Magnetized Water on Some Growth Characteristics of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)","authors":"Oltaf F. Saeed, E. M. Mutwali","doi":"10.24203/AJAFS.V7I2.5776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/AJAFS.V7I2.5776","url":null,"abstract":"Two pot experiments were carried out at Faculty of Education, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum, to study the effect of magnetized water on some growth characteristics of cowpea. The experiments were set as a completely randomized design with three replications and four treatments. The treatments were water passed through magnetic funnel either, once, two, four or six times, compared with control (tap water). The results indicated significant differences in germination, plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root. Results also showed significant difference in chlorophyll content (a and b) and phosphorus and potassium content. Results indicated that magnetized water is an effective method for high yield of cowpea.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42113549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana on Diatraea centrella Larva of Sugarcane in Guyana","authors":"Basantie Sukhu, G. Subramanian, A. Ansari","doi":"10.24203/AJAFS.V7I1.5708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/AJAFS.V7I1.5708","url":null,"abstract":"Sugarcane is a highly beneficial crop grown worldwide and is greatly influenced by numerous insect pests. These insect pests have adapted to the diversity of conditions under which sugarcane is grown thus causing a great degree of damage to the crop. These insect pests feed on different parts of the sugarcane. For instance, the early shoot borer attacks the cane before internode formation, while the internode borer feeds after internode formation, the foliar pest feeds on the leaves and some would feed on the rootstalks.Guyana has large areas of land which are free of agricultural chemicals and thus are suitable for organic farming. Organic farming is practiced in Guyana on a small scale. However, crops such as cocoa, pineapple and heart of palm have already been grown organically for export. Similarly, like organic farming, biological control of pests and diseases is also encouraged worldwide. Biological control in agriculture is a method of controlling pests such as insects, weeds and diseases by using natural enemies such as predators, parasites, herbivores, or any other natural mechanisms. In addition, like organic farming biological controls are also ecologically friendly and are very effective. Both approaches (organic farming and biological control) are significant since the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers would be eliminated, thus reducing health issues in the environment and of consumers.                This research work is on the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana on the insect pest Diatraea centrella larva of sugarcane in Guyana. The entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, is a promising control agent against many insect pests [1]. Beauveria bassiana is commonly found in soils worldwide and has a host range of over 700 insect species, including insects from the orders Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera.  The research carried out focuses on the effect of Beauveria bassiana spores on Diatraea centrella larva and the rate at which these spores are effective, as well as the target site of infection of these spores on the larva.               The study conclusively proves that a higher number of Beauveria bassiana spores are more effective on Diatraea centrella larva in a short period of time and the dorsal, ventral and intestinal tissues of the Diatraea centrella larva are more susceptible to the spores of Beauveria bassiana. ","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46059238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}