Journal of community & public health nursing最新文献

{"title":"A New Focus on Preconception Healthcare and the Life Course Theory of Health","authors":"C. Lammers","doi":"10.4172/2471-9846.1000216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2471-9846.1000216","url":null,"abstract":"Preconception healthcare (PCHC) is a set of prevention and health promotion interventions to reduce reproductiveaged women’s health risks before conception and improve birth outcomes. This timelier intervention is underutilized in the United States (U.S.). The current health framework integrates the Fetal Origin of Adult Disease (FOAD) theory, the Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) and the Life Course Theory of health (LCT). This continuous integrative health framework emphasizes the important role of PCHC on birth outcomes and on reducing the burden of adult chronic diseases in the population","PeriodicalId":92236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community & public health nursing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2471-9846.1000216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70316186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results from the 2013 Senior's Health Services Survey: Rural and Urban Differences.","authors":"Janis E Campbell,&nbsp;Amanda E Janitz,&nbsp;Keith Kleszynski,&nbsp;Claire Dowers-Nichols,&nbsp;Amber S Anderson,&nbsp;Andrew N Dentino,&nbsp;Laurence Z Rubenstein,&nbsp;Thomas A Teasdale","doi":"10.4172/2471-9846.1000213","DOIUrl":"10.4172/2471-9846.1000213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast health education needs of rural Oklahomans aged 65 and older compared to urban and sub-urban populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Surveys were distributed to a list of registered voters age 65 and older in Oklahoma with a total of 1,248 surveys returned. Survey items asked about interests in services, classes and activities, plus current barriers to accessing and/or engaging in such programs.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Survey respondents living in large rural towns (23.7%) and the urban core (21.5%) were significantly more likely than those in small rural towns (14.0%) or sub-urban areas (15.5%) to have attended a free health information event in the past year (<i>P</i>=0.0393). Older Oklahomans in small towns and isolated rural areas reported more frequently than those in the urban core that they would participate in congregate meals at a center (small town/isolated rural: 14.4%, urban core: 7.2%) (<i>P</i>=0.05). Lack of adequate facilities was more frequently reported by those residing in small town and isolated rural areas compared to urban core areas (16.4% <i>vs.</i> 7.8%, <i>P</i>=0.01). Finally, older Oklahomans in the large rural towns (0.6%) and small town and isolated rural locations (2.13%) less frequently reported use of senior information lines (Senior Infoline) than those in the urban core (6.0%) and in sub-urban areas (7.1%) (<i>P</i>=0.0009).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results of this survey provide useful data on senior interests and current barriers to community programs/activities have some unique trends among both urban and rural populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":92236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community & public health nursing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2471-9846.1000213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36625079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of School-based Programs in Protection and Development of School Health","authors":"C. B. Okuyan, S. Alkaya","doi":"10.4172/2471-9846.1000214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2471-9846.1000214","url":null,"abstract":"The children who attend preschool, primary and secondary education institutions comprise about 32% of the total population. School health includes all aspects of service of evaluating and improving the health of the students and the school staff and providing and maintaining a healthy school life. The aim of school health services is to provide and maintain the best possible physical, mental and social health of all children in the school age in the community. So that, the health degree of the children and the community rises altogether, also the goal of school-based programs is to improve and preserve the health of the students and the school staff with multidisciplinary team. This study focuses on the role of school-based programs in protection and development of school health","PeriodicalId":92236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community & public health nursing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2471-9846.1000214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70315599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to Screening Pregnant Women for Domestic Violence: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Simon Nderitu Githui,&nbsp;Margaret Chege,&nbsp;Miriam Ca Wagoro,&nbsp;James Mwaura","doi":"10.4172/2471-9846.1000207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2471-9846.1000207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background information: </strong>Domestic Violence (DV) is associated with serious consequences to the survivor's physical, emotional, sexual, social and mental well-being. DV screening ensures timely detection of violence and hence promotes timely intervention. This timely intervention has the potential of averting adverse outcomes of DV to the survivor. Globally, the prevalence of DV among women is 35% and in Kenya its 49% among women and 13.5% among pregnant women. Despite the adverse outcome of DV in pregnancy, screening during pregnancy lags behind in Kenya.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the nursing barriers to screening pregnant women for DV.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study of 125 nurses selected by random sampling method was conducted at a National Maternity Hospital in Kenya. Data was collected for 8 weeks using researchers developed structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Chi-square test was used to determine significance of relationships between nominal variables. A P-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study results revealed that 16% (n=8) of nurses routinely screened pregnant women for DV. Non-screening behavior of nurses was associated with lack of DV screening training during their education program (P=0.002), fear of the partner's reaction (P=0.004) and lack of mentors and role models in DV screening (P=0.005). Lack of cooperation from other health professionals was also associated with non-screening of DV (P=0.016).</p><p><strong>The significance of the study: </strong>The results of this study point to the need of developing hospital's protocols on DV management and considering integrating DV screening in the routine medical screening of pregnant women during antenatal care.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study showed that the nurse's prevalence of screening pregnant women for DV is low at 16% due to various barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":92236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community & public health nursing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2471-9846.1000207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36382718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nursing Research, CER, PICO and PCORI.","authors":"Darpan I Patel","doi":"10.4172/2471-9846.1000206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2471-9846.1000206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Community and public health nurse researchers encompass a unique cohort of nurse researchers that have the skills and capacity to lead projects and programs of science centered on improvement of patient outcomes through methods of comparative effectiveness research (CER). CER, as a general method, has been taught to all nurses in the form of the PICO question to improve evidence-based practices. As the climate for funding becomes more and more competitive, nurse researchers are primed to lead the change in improving patient outcomes through patient centered outcomes research (PCOR). However, the number of projects funded by agencies like the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute, fall well below the capabilities of the field. The purpose of this commentary is to promote the field of PCOR and encourage novice and experienced nurse researchers to apply for funding from the PCORI by introducing different methods for building capacity and promoting engagement in the national conversations of PCOR and CER.</p>","PeriodicalId":92236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community & public health nursing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2471-9846.1000206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36026492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Exploratory Study of Parent-Adolescent Communication on Sexual Issues and HIV Prevention, at Otjomuise Clinic, Namibia","authors":"Ivy Nyanyiwe Mkandawire, S. Iipinge","doi":"10.4172/2471-9846.1000204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2471-9846.1000204","url":null,"abstract":"This research looks at parent-adolescent communication on sexual issues and HIV prevention at Otjomuise clinic in Windhoek-Namibia. The literature review showed that parent-adolescent communication about sexual issues and HIV prevention is rare especially in Africa because of lack of skills, information and cultural beliefs. The aim of the study is to investigate parental communication with their adolescents about sexual issues and HIV prevention. The Specific objectives were: To investigate whether parents communicated with their adolescents on sexual issues and HIV prevention. To explore type of information that was communicated. To determine challenges encountered in communicating with their adolescents. To seek suggestions from parents on how to improve communication between parents and adolescents regarding sexual issues and HIV prevention. Qualitative design was used. A total of 20 participants were purposively selected and semi-structured interviews were conducted for data collection. Thematic analysis was utilized for data analysis. The research revealed that some parents do discuss sexual issues and HIV prevention with their adolescents but not a lot. The information that they discuss is mainly abstinence. The challenges that parents encounter during discussions are lack of skills and information to initiate the discussion and cultural beliefs that do not expect a parent to discuss sexual issues and HIV prevention with their own children. Parents suggested two things in order to improve parent-adolescent discussions on sexual issues and HIV prevention: (i) That institutions like schools should provide education on sexual issues and HIV prevention. (ii) That the government should train the parents on how to discuss sexual issues and HIV prevention with their children. The researcher recommends that parent-teachers associations be established so that parents can learn from teachers on how to discuss sexual issues and HIV prevention. Together teachers and parents can discuss on how to educate adolescents about abstinence plus any related issues.","PeriodicalId":92236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community & public health nursing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2471-9846.1000204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70315875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distraction in Action: Helping Children during Medical Procedure in Community and Public Health Settings","authors":"K. Hanrahan, C. Kleiber, A. McCarthy","doi":"10.4172/2471-9846.1000217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2471-9846.1000217","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community & public health nursing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2471-9846.1000217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70316232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart Failure: Correction of Old Mistakes of the Mechanism of its Origin","authors":"V. Ermoshkin","doi":"10.4172/2471-9846.1000208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2471-9846.1000208","url":null,"abstract":"With current medical theory, CHF is a complex disorder with specific symptoms (dyspnea, fatigue, decreased physical activity, edema, heart rhythm and palpitations), which are related to inadequate perfusion of organs and tissues at rest or during exercise. Another characteristic feature of chronic heart failure is fluid retention in the body. Most often, edema begins in the lower extremities, pelvic organs and gradually rise up the body up to the heart and lungs.","PeriodicalId":92236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community & public health nursing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2471-9846.1000208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70315961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Stunting among Children Under Five Years of Age in Pakistan: Evidence from PDHS 2012-13.","authors":"Syed Babar Ali, Amir, S. Ashraf","doi":"10.4172/2471-9846.1000219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2471-9846.1000219","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The main objective of this research study was to drawn the association of different factors towards stunting in under five years of age children in Pakistan. Methods: The survey was conducted in a total of 498 areas. Data was collected by using a stratiA¯Â¬Âed two-stage cluster national sample across 14,000 households (6,944 in urban areas and 7,056 in rural areas). For data collection a representative sample of households was taken from different provinces of Pakistan (Islamabad and Gilgit Baltistan) including 12,943 household with 13,557 women aged between 15-49 years. Results: This study had showed that 31.4% population of less than five years of age is suffering from stunning in Pakistan. In regional wise distribution stunting was much higher in Baluchistan as compare to other regions, i.e., 43%. While Islamabad (ICT) has the lowest number of stunted children, i.e., 18.5%. Conclusion: This study exposed that the Region, Access to information, Parents Education, economic status has substantial relationship with malnutrition. While the Number of children in family and taking another type of milk rather than mother feed in first 3 days has no significant relationship towards stunting among children less than 5 years of age.","PeriodicalId":92236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community & public health nursing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2471-9846.1000219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70316314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pioneering Partnership Working to Provide Talking Therapies from Sexual Assault Referral Centres (SARCs)","authors":"L. Love","doi":"10.4172/2471-9846.1000205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2471-9846.1000205","url":null,"abstract":"Sexual violence may have a negative psychological impact on the victim. Some survivors will in time recover whilst others will go on to develop PTSD or suffer long term psychological sequelae, such as depression and anxiety. The Kent SARC, in conjunction with the Kent mental health partnership trust have developed a screening tool for nurses and crisis workers to assess which survivors are at particular risk of psychological harm and might benefit from rapid access to talking therapies, including EMDR. The screening tool and the pathway to permit rapid access to talking therapies is discussed and an early data set presented for patients treated through this pathway.","PeriodicalId":92236,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community & public health nursing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2471-9846.1000205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70315924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}