{"title":"Hindi vowel classification using QCN-MFCC features","authors":"Shipra Mishra, Anirban Bhowmick, Mahesh Chandra Shrotriya","doi":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In presence of environmental noise, speakers tend to emphasize their vocal effort to improve the audibility of voice. This involuntary adjustment is known as Lombard effect (LE). Due to LE the signal to noise ratio of speech increases, but at the same time the loudness, pitch and duration of phonemes changes. Hence, accuracy of automatic speech recognition systems degrades. In this paper, the effect of unsupervised equalization of Lombard effect is investigated for Hindi vowel classification task using Hindi database designed at TIFR Mumbai, India. Proposed Quantile-based Dynamic Cepstral Normalization MFCC (QCN-MFCC) along with baseline MFCC features have been used for vowel classification. Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is used as classifier. It is observed that QCN-MFCC features have given a maximum improvement of 5.97% and 5% over MFCC features for context-dependent and context-independent cases respectively. It is also observed that QCN-MFCC features have given improvement of 13% and 11.5% over MFCC features for context-dependent and context-independent classification of mid vowels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92112,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in science","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 28-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pisc.2016.01.010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83483437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Random multiple key streams for encryption with added CBC mode of operation","authors":"P. Penchalaiah, K. Ramesh Reddy","doi":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There are many cryptographic systems that use complex operations involving substitutions and permutations to produce resistant ciphertext, even if the level of the security of these cryptosystems are good, there should be trade-off between security level and operation cost, and the ever increasing virtual infrastructure and mobile, cloud computing technologies creating much more complexities and demanding cost effective and secure cryptographic algorithms. A cryptographic system is said to be secure if the ciphertext does not contain adequate details to find out the matching plaintext. In fact, one can produce unbreakable ciphertext by supplying randomly generated key on each bit of data that is mathematically infeasible to break. Since different random bits or keys would not lead to any repeating patterns.</p><p>For the first time, in this paper, we present a construction method to generate multiple random keys from a core-key with highest possible immunity to crack. We are with a particular emphasis on novel technique to secure user data, we have designed a secure and cost effective new cryptosystem called Rbits (Random bits) cypher. In different directions we identify that Rbits having highest immunity to crack and presenting various analysis tests in support from this viewpoint and the analyzed results are reported.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92112,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in science","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 57-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pisc.2016.03.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86628507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simultaneous consideration of TQM and TPM influence on production performance: A case study on multicolor offset machine using SD Model","authors":"Nagaraj H. Kamath , Lewlyn L.R. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An attempt is made in this research to show the relevance of System Dynamics (SD) as a tool for simultaneously considering TQM and TPM environment in a offset machine of a commercial printing press. By controlling the TQM and TPM variables, this model will attempt to simulate or predict the behavior of an efficient printing operation. Identifying other scenarios pertaining to Human factors, affecting the socio-technical variables is the future research work of this paper. The practical implication concerns the efficient decision making system in multi-colour sheet feed offset printing, by controlling the socio-technical variables. This is a novel approach of combining different socio-technical variables SD and Cased based approach for obtaining a productive environment in print operation called “Total Production Management”.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92112,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in science","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 16-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pisc.2016.01.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74738855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of engine performance and emission with methyl ester of Karanja oil","authors":"Shikha Gangil, Ranjana Singh, Priyanka Bhavate, Divya Bhagat, Bharat Modhera","doi":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biodiesel has been considered as potential alternative to petroleum diesel with the renewable origin for the existing compression ignition engine. The main objective of the present work is evaluating performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine for various blends (B20, B40, B60, B80 and B100) of Karanja biodiesel and commercial diesel. The experimental investigation was carried out in IC (internal combustion) at variable loads and compared with conventional diesel fuel with respect to engine performance parameters i.e. brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake specific power consumption (BSEC), brake thermal efficiency (η-B.Th), for varying load conditions. The results obtained indicated the better fuel properties and engine performance at B40. For all cases, BSFC reduced with increase in load. It can be observed that the BSEC for various blends is lower as compared with that of diesel fuel. The availability of oxygen in the Karanja oil methyl ester-diesel fuel blend may be the reason for the lower BSEC. Brake thermal efficiency is increased due reduced heat loss with increased in load. It was found that the emission level of CO and HC level decreased with increased in blend proportion in diesel fuel. NO<sub>x</sub> emission increased with increase in blend proportion in diesel fuel.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92112,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in science","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 241-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79470195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to porous spinel for refractory (high temp) material","authors":"Kumar Saurav, Manas Ranjan Majhi, Vinay Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper examines thermal properties of materials. The transient pulse method was used for specific heat, thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity determination. Porous MgO was synthesis by heating pellets at 1100<!--> <!-->°C for 1<!--> <!-->h. The resultant porous MgO was then immersed in 10<!--> <!-->mol/L aluminum nitrate solution, dried, and reheated at 1300<!--> <!-->°C for 2<!--> <!-->h to convert it to spinel. The evaluation was performed with the help of mathematical apparatus used for study of fractal structures properties. The method results from generalized relations that were designed for study of physical properties of fractal structures. As it is shown these relations are in a good agreement with the equations used for the description of time responses of temperature for the pulse input of supplied heat.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92112,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in science","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 22-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pisc.2016.01.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75339579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crushed rock sand – An economical and ecological alternative to natural sand to optimize concrete mix","authors":"Sanjay Mundra , P.R. Sindhi , Vinay Chandwani , Ravindra Nagar , Vinay Agrawal","doi":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study investigates the use of crushed rock sand as viable alternative to Natural River sand that is being conventionally used as fine aggregate in cement concrete. Various mix designs were developed for different grades of concrete based on IS, ACI and British codes using Natural River sand and crushed rock sand. In each case, the cube compressive strength test, and beam flexure tests were conducted. The results of the study show that, the strength properties of concrete using crushed rock sand are nearly similar to the conventional concrete. The study has shown that crushed stone sand can be used as economic and readily available alternative to river sand and can therefore help to arrest the detrimental effects on the environment caused due to excessive mining of river sand.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92112,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in science","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 345-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75382044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy loss minimization through peak shaving using energy storage","authors":"Vaiju Kalkhambkar, Rajesh Kumar, Rohit Bhakar","doi":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents an optimal placement methodology of energy storage to improve energy loss minimization through peak shaving in the presence of renewable distributed generation. Storage sizing is modelled by considering the load profile and desired peak shaving. This storage is suitably divided into multiple storage units and optimally allocated at multiple sites with suitable charge discharge strategy. Thus the peak shaving for maximum loss reduction is explored here. Renewable distributed generation (RDG) is modelled based on the seasonal variations of renewable resources <em>e.g</em>., solar or wind and these RDGs are placed at suitable locations. A high-performance Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm is applied to the proposed methodology. The results are compared with the well-known genetic algorithm. The proposed methodology is illustrated by various case studies on a 34-bus test system. Significant loss minimization is obtained by optimal location of multiple energy storage units through peak shaving.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92112,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in science","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 162-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76709162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of using fly ash as alternative filler in hot mix asphalt","authors":"Raja Mistry , Tapas Kumar Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the effect of using fly ash (FA) in asphalt mixture as replacement of common filler. In view of the same, samples were prepared for different bitumen content (3.5−6.5% at 0.5% increments) by using 2% hydrated lime (HL) in control mix as well as varying percentage of FA ranging from 2 to 8% as alternative filler in modified mixes. The optimum bitumen content (OBC) was then determined for all the mix by Marshall mix design. Experimental results indicated higher stability value with lower OBC for the mixture having 4% FA as optimum filler content in comparison with conventional mix and standard specification. So this study discuss the feasibility of using FA as alternative filler instead of HL in asphalt concrete mix by satisfying the standard specification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92112,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in science","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 307-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76941044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Suitability of rubber concrete for railway sleepers","authors":"Afia S. Hameed, A.P. Shashikala","doi":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An experimental investigation by replacing 15% by volume fraction of fine aggregate by crumb rubber was conducted to find the fatigue failure load and impact resistance. The design strength of 50 and 55<!--> <!-->MPa was achieved. Test result indicated that there was reduction in compressive strength and modulus values. The fatigue failure and impact resistance were high for rubber concrete when compared with ordinary high strength concrete. The impact strength for railway sleeper with crumb rubber replacement showed increase of about 60% when compared to prestressed concrete sleeper.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92112,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in science","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 32-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pisc.2016.01.011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86085340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison on effect of EDTA and citrate mediated on luminescence property of Eu3+ doped YPO4 nanoparticles","authors":"Heikham Farida Devi, Thiyam David Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanoparticles of Eu<sup>3+</sup> doped YPO<sub>4</sub> have been prepared by co-precipitation method. The structure, morphology, composition and photoluminescence were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), IR Spectroscopy, and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). In this method EG was used as a solvent, tri sodium citrate dihydrate and EDTA were used as a complexing agent. X-ray diffraction results show that the nanoparticles are crystalline in tetragonal structure and the presence of two phases, tetragonal and hexagonal phase for citrate mediated and EDTA complexed nanoparticles. The SEM image shows spherical nanoparticles which are non-agglomerated and highly dispersible in water. With the addition of citrate and EDTA, there is a slightly shift towards the lower wavelength in emission peaks. A broad peak at ̴250<!--> <!-->nm is observed due to the Eu<img>O charge transfer band in the excitation spectra. Emission intensity decreases with complexing agent because of decrease of particle size as well as decrease of number of Eu<sup>3+</sup> activators per unit volume. The emission spectrum of Eu<sup>3+</sup>doped YPO<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles clearly shows f–f transitions of Eu<sup>3+</sup>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92112,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in science","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 267-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81325021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}