Biochimie open最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of antimicrobial activities of natural essential oils and synthetic fragrances against selected environmental pathogens","authors":"Paula L. Vieira-Brock,&nbsp;Brent M. Vaughan,&nbsp;David L. Vollmer","doi":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plant essential oils (EOs) are known to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi. Whether these antimicrobial effects are comparable to synthetic household products is less clear. Furthermore, limited research is available on the potential additive effect of blending EOs. In this investigation, a new EO blend containing orange, patchouli, peppermint, and clary sage was compared to its individual single oils and to three household products–air freshener, liquid soap, and body spray–for their ability to inhibit the growth of <em>Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudonomas aeruginosa, and Aspergillus brasiliensis</em> in the disc-diffusion assay. The new EO blend significantly inhibited the growth of the four microorganisms. The zones of inhibition of new EO blend were greater than the air freshener and similar to the liquid soap and body spray, with the exception of <em>Str. pneumoniae</em> in which the body spray provided greater inhibitory zone. The new EO blend and the single oils, with the exception of peppermint, equally inhibited the growth of <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>Str. pneumoniae</em> suggesting no additive effect. <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and <em>A. brasiliensis</em> showed variable susceptibility to all EOs except for no susceptibility to orange and limonene. No difference was found between (−) and (+)-limonene; whereas, (+)-menthol showed greater effect than (−)-menthol. In conclusion, blending the EO of orange, patchouli, peppermint, and clary sage was beneficial in inhibiting the growth of <em>S. aureus, Str. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, and A. brasiliensis</em> providing a natural antimicrobial fragrance option over synthetics fragrances used in soaps, body sprays, and air fresheners.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92004,"journal":{"name":"Biochimie open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.biopen.2017.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35837009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological activities of frankincense essential oil in human dermal fibroblasts","authors":"Xuesheng Han,&nbsp;Damian Rodriguez,&nbsp;Tory L. Parker","doi":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although frankincense essential oil (FREO) has become increasingly popular in skin care, research on its biological activities in human skin cells is scarce, if not completely absent. In the current study, we explored the biological activities of FREO in pre-inflamed human dermal fibroblasts by analyzing the levels of 17 important protein biomarkers pertinent to inflammation and tissue remodeling. FREO exhibited robust anti-proliferative activity in these skin cells. It also significantly inhibited collagen III, interferon gamma-induced protein 10, and intracellular cell adhesion molecule 1. We also studied its effect in regulating genome-wide gene expression. FREO robustly modulated global gene expression. Furthermore, Ingenuity^® Pathway Analysis showed that FREO affected many important signaling pathways that are closely related to inflammation, immune response, and tissue remodeling. This study provides the first evidence of the biological activities of FREO in human dermal fibroblasts. Consistent with existing studies in other models, the current study suggests that FREO possesses promising potential to modulate the biological processes of inflammation and tissue remodeling in human skin. Further research into the biological mechanisms of action of FREO and its major active components is recommended.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92004,"journal":{"name":"Biochimie open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.biopen.2017.01.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35837089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human and mouse microarrays-guided expression analysis of membrane protein trafficking-related genes in MDCK cells, a canine epithelial model for apical and basolateral differential protein targeting","authors":"Xiaofan Xu ,&nbsp;Mingming Pan ,&nbsp;Alexis E. Gasiewicz ,&nbsp;Rongzi Li ,&nbsp;Shiu-Ming Kuo","doi":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>MDCK cells are widely used to study the differential targeting of membrane transporters to apical and basolateral membrane but its canine origin limited the commercial tools available for the analysis of protein trafficking machinery. Because apical and basolateral membranes are only found in differentiated epithelial cells, genes critical for differential targeting may be specifically up-regulated upon MDCK cell differentiation. To search for these genes, a cross-species screening strategy was used. We first analyzed the human microarray data for protein trafficking-related genes that were up-regulated in colon carcinoma Caco2 cells upon differentiation. The results of mouse 44K gene expression microarray analysis were then used to extract additional candidate genes that showed higher expression in normal colon epithelium compared to primary embryonic fibroblasts. Finally, NCBI genomic sequence information was used to design RT-PCR primers for 13 candidate and 10 negative control genes and used to analyze MDCK cells at 2, 13 and 17 days after seeding. To determine whether the gene up-regulation was specific in epithelial differentiation, we also performed RT-PCR on rat non-differentiating intestinal IEC-6 cells and mouse C2C12 cells, a differentiating myoblast model. Of the 13 candidate genes, 3 genes, SDCBP2, KIF12, KIF27, met all criteria of specific up-regulation in differentiated MDCK cells. In addition, KIF13A showed up-regulation in differentiated MDCK and C2C12 cells but not in IEC-6 cells cultured for the same duration. The functions of these genes need to be analyzed in the future. This cross-species screening strategy may be useful for other non-human, non-rodent cell models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92004,"journal":{"name":"Biochimie open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.biopen.2017.04.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35837007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorylation of purified mitochondrial Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel by c-Jun N-terminal Kinase-3 modifies channel voltage-dependence","authors":"Rajeev Gupta ,&nbsp;Subhendu Ghosh","doi":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel (VDAC) phosphorylated by c-Jun N-terminal Kinase-3 (JNK3) was incorporated into the bilayer lipid membrane. Single-channel electrophysiological properties of the native and the phosphorylated VDAC were compared. The open probability versus voltage curve of the native VDAC displayed symmetry around the voltage axis, whereas that of the phosphorylated VDAC showed asymmetry. This result indicates that phosphorylation by JNK3 modifies voltage-dependence of VDAC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92004,"journal":{"name":"Biochimie open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.biopen.2017.03.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35837003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a specific index to detect malnutrition in athletes: Validity in weight class or intermittent fasted athletes","authors":"François D. Desgorces ,&nbsp;Christophe Moinard ,&nbsp;Mounir Chennaoui ,&nbsp;Jean-François Toussaint ,&nbsp;Cyril Petibois ,&nbsp;Philippe Noirez","doi":"10.1016/j.biopen.2016.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopen.2016.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fasted or weight-category athletes manage their training under strict diet conditions that could impair the stress-recovery balance and result in acute or chronic fatigue. However, to date, no validated biomarker are available to quantify this phenomena. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of a specific index combining plasma albumin and weight change to detect nutrition-related risks of fatigue increase and under-performance in athletes experiencing particular nutritional conditions.</p><p>An athlete's nutrition risk index (ANRI) equation, based on data from lightweight and heavyweight rowers, was developed using relationship between plasma albumin concentrations combined to weight changes with sport performance and overtraining scores and was tested by odds ratio for failure. The accuracy and sensitivity of this former specific equation was subsequently tested on runners observing the Ramadan-fasting as well as on boxers after a short weight-loss period.</p><p>Independently of training and performance, lightweight rowers presented lower nutritional parameters than heavyweight (albumin: 37.4 ± 2.7 <em>vs</em> 39.9 ± 1.8 g·L⁻¹, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05; weight state: 94.5 ± 1.8 <em>vs</em> 99.9 ± 0.9%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). In lightweight, ANRI was related with overtraining score (<em>R</em>² = 0.21, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), risks for failure in competition were enhanced when ANRI increased (OR:2.5, <em>P</em> = 0.03). Relationship of ANRI with overtraining score tended to be also significant in runners (<em>R</em>² = 0.32, <em>P</em> = 0.06) but not in boxers (<em>P</em> = 0.4).</p><p>Albumin concentrations combined to weight loss appeared relevant to delineate nutrition-related risks of fatigue and/or competitive failure associated with mid-term diets (about 30 days) as observed in rowers and Ramadan-fasted runners. ANRI may benefit to athletes monitoring by delineating effects of their weight loss program.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92004,"journal":{"name":"Biochimie open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.biopen.2016.10.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35836157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver and Metformin: Lessons of a fructose diet in mice","authors":"Iara Karise ,&nbsp;Fernanda Ornellas ,&nbsp;Sandra Barbosa-da-Silva ,&nbsp;Cristiane Matsuura ,&nbsp;Mariano del Sol ,&nbsp;Marcia Barbosa Aguila ,&nbsp;Carlos A. Mandarim-de-Lacerda","doi":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Studies show that the continuous consumption of fructose can lead to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and steatohepatitis. We aimed to investigate the role of Metformin in an animal model of liver injury caused by fructose intake, focusing on the molecular markers of lipogenesis, beta-oxidation, and antioxidant defenses. Male three months old C57BL/6 mice were divided into control group (C) and fructose group (F, 47% fructose), maintained for ten weeks. After, the groups received Metformin or vehicle for a further eight weeks: control (C), control + Metformin (CM), fructose (F), and fructose + Metformin (FM). Fructose resulted in hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance and lower insulin sensitivity in association with higher mRNA levels of proteins linked with <em>de novo</em> lipogenesis and increased lipid peroxidation. Fructose diminished mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes, and of proteins responsible for mitochondrial biogenesis. Metformin reduced <em>de novo</em> lipogenesis and increased the expression of proteins related to mitochondrial biogenesis, thereby increasing beta-oxidation and decreasing lipid peroxidation. Also, Metformin upregulated the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes, providing a defense against increased reactive oxygen species generation. Therefore, a significant reduction in triglyceride accumulation in the liver, steatosis and lipid peroxidation was observed in the FM group. In conclusion, fructose increases <em>de novo</em> lipogenesis, reduces the antioxidant defenses, and diminishes mitochondrial biogenesis. After an extended period of fructose intake, Metformin treatment, even in continuing the fructose intake, can reverse, at least partially, the liver injury and prevents NAFLD progression to more severe states.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92004,"journal":{"name":"Biochimie open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.biopen.2017.01.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35837087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initiative action of tumor-associated macrophage during tumor metastasis","authors":"Saroj Singh,&nbsp;Neesha Mehta,&nbsp;Jiang Lilan,&nbsp;Meen Bahadur Budhthoki,&nbsp;Fu Chao,&nbsp;Li Yong","doi":"10.1016/j.biopen.2016.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopen.2016.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a significant component of the microenvironment of any solid tumors in the majority of cancers, associated with unfavorable prognosis. TAMs emerge as attractive targets for therapeutic strategies aimed at reprogramming their protumor phenotype into an effective antitumor activity.</p><p>In this review article, we present an overview of mechanisms responsible for TAMs recruitment and highlight the roles of TAMs in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, immunosuppression, and chemotherapeutic resistance. We describe the interplay between Th17 cells and other immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, and we assess both the potential antitumorigenic and pro-tumorigenic activities of Th17 cells and their associated cytokines. Understanding the nature of Th17 cell responses in the tumor microenvironment will be important for the design of more efficacious cancer immunotherapies. Finally, we discuss TAM-targeting therapy as a promising novel strategy for an indirect cancer therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92004,"journal":{"name":"Biochimie open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.biopen.2016.11.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35837088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcellular localization of the five members of the human steroid 5α-reductase family","authors":"Antonella Scaglione ,&nbsp;Linda Celeste Montemiglio ,&nbsp;Giacomo Parisi ,&nbsp;Italia Anna Asteriti ,&nbsp;Renato Bruni ,&nbsp;Gabriele Cerutti ,&nbsp;Claudia Testi ,&nbsp;Carmelinda Savino ,&nbsp;Filippo Mancia ,&nbsp;Patrizia Lavia ,&nbsp;Beatrice Vallone","doi":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In humans the steroid 5α-reductase (SRD5A) family comprises five integral membrane enzymes that carry out reduction of a double bond in lipidic substrates: Δ⁴-3-keto steroids, polyprenol and trans-enoyl CoA. The best-characterized reaction is the conversion of testosterone into the more potent dihydrotestosterone carried out by SRD5A1-2. Some controversy exists on their possible nuclear or endoplasmic reticulum localization.</p><p>We report the cloning and transient expression in HeLa cells of the five members of the human steroid 5α-reductase family as both N- and C-terminus green fluorescent protein tagged protein constructs. Following the intrinsic fluorescence of the tag, we have determined that the subcellular localization of these enzymes is in the endoplasmic reticulum, upon expression in HeLa cells. The presence of the tag at either end of the polypeptide chain can affect protein expression and, in the case of trans enoyl-CoA reductase, it induces the formation of protein aggregates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92004,"journal":{"name":"Biochimie open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.biopen.2017.03.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35558357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory, tissue remodeling, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities of oregano (Origanum vulgare) essential oil in a human skin disease model","authors":"Xuesheng Han,&nbsp;Tory L. Parker","doi":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of oregano (<em>Origanum vulgare</em>) essential oil (OEO) has become popular in skin care products. However, scientific research regarding its effects on human skin cells is scarce. In this study, we investigated the biological activity of a commercially available OEO, which is high in carvacrol content, in a human skin cell disease model. OEO induced marked antiproliferative effects and significantly inhibited several inflammatory biomarkers, including monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), intracellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC), and monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG). OEO also significantly inhibited tissue remodeling biomarkers, namely collagen I, collagen III, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 1 and 2. An immunomodulatory biomarker, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), was also strongly inhibited by OEO treatment. In addition, OEO significantly modulated global gene expression and altered signaling pathways, many of which are critical in inflammation, tissue remodeling, and cancer signaling processes. These findings along with existing studies largely support the anti-inflammatory, tissue remodeling, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities of OEO. In conclusion, this study provides the first evidence of the biological activity of OEO in human dermal fibroblasts. We suggest that OEO, with carvacrol as the major active component, is a promising candidate for use in skin care products with anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92004,"journal":{"name":"Biochimie open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.biopen.2017.02.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35836537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"JNK3 phosphorylates Bax protein and induces ability to form pore on bilayer lipid membrane","authors":"Rajeev Gupta ,&nbsp;Subhendu Ghosh","doi":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopen.2017.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bax is a pro-apoptotic cytosolic protein. In this work native (unphosphorylated) and JNK3 phosphorylated Bax proteins are studied on artificial bilayer membranes for pore formation. Phosphorylated Bax formed pore on the bilayer lipid membrane whereas native one does not. In cells undergoing apoptosis the pore formed by the phosphorylated Bax could be important in cytochrome <em>c</em> release from the mitochondrial intermembrane space to the cytosol. The low conductance (1.5 nS) of the open state of the phosphorylated Bax pore corresponds to pore diameter of 0.9 nm which is small to release cytochrome <em>c</em> (∼3.4 nm). We hypothesized that JNK3 phosphorylated Bax protein can form bigger pores after forming complexes with other mitochondrial proteins like VDAC, t-Bid etc. to release cytochrome <em>c</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":92004,"journal":{"name":"Biochimie open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.biopen.2017.02.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35837091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}