Archives of medicine最新文献

{"title":"Virtual Urology Clinics during the COVID-19 Pandemic - The Lanarkshire Experience","authors":"M. Alsawi, L. Mokool, Nalagatla Sk","doi":"10.36648/1989-5216.13.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-5216.13.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92003,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medicine","volume":"168 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73580438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurological Characteristics Due to COVID-19: Knowledge of the Possible Pathways That Lead to Infection and its Repercussions on the Nervous System","authors":"Sarah Ellen Ribeiro Grangeiro, A. Silva, Lucas de Alencar Viana Melo, Wantuil Matias Neto, Luis Luciano Neto, A. Moreira, M. Neto","doi":"10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.33","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology regarding neural system contamination and damage is necessary for clinical and therapeutic approaches, which may reduce the damage caused by the disease. In this regard, it is important to highlight that, besides the direct effect on neurons, the inflammatory state caused by a dysregulation of the immune system due to infection are both factors responsible for neurological phenomena of the disease. The presence of the virus in the bloodstream, its ability to directly penetrate the NS through peripheral nerves and the weakening of the blood-brain barrier are added to the tropism of SARS-CoV-2 by ACE-2 receptors, which favors the appearance of brain manifestations, associated with metabolic complications in the autoimmune processes induced by viral clinical condition. It is essential to remember that the cerebrovascular events have been increasingly reported in infected patients and are associated with the hypercoagulability caused by the disease. The activation of the coagulation cascade and deregulation of physiological anticoagulant mechanisms, such as protein C system and the disintegration of fibrin, are possible causes of this hypercoagulable state present in COVID-19. Even though it is still not evident whether the impairment of the nervous system is a result of direct infection by SARS-CoV-2 or of a diffuse inflammatory process affecting various organs and systems generating multiple manifestations, including those of the nervous system, we highlight that the quantity of drugs administered in intensive care units also can interfere with neurological conditions.","PeriodicalId":92003,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75923478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Was the Nobel Prize Awarded Mistakenly? Should the Corpus Callosotomy be considered a Split-Brain Surgery??","authors":"Enock Balthazar","doi":"10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.13","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most controversial topics in neuroscience surrounds the Nobel Prizewinning split-brain experiments of Sperry and colleagues. Their experiments were carried out on patients who had undergone a callosotomy, which is a surgery that removes the corpus callosum-one of the commissures that connect the cerebral hemispheres. After years of research that have allowed us to address some of the major concerns regarding this work, scientists remain doubtful about the validity of Sperry’s findings. This is due, in part, to the number of other commissures that also allow for communication between the hemispheres, including the anterior commissure, hippocampal (Fornix), septum pellucidum commissure, the interthalamic adhesion (intermediate mass), the habenular commissure, and the posterior commissure. Therefore, the original assumption made by Sperry, that severing the corpus callosum divides the brain, is an exaggeration of reality: while there is no doubt that the corpus callosum plays the largest contribution in the passage of information from one hemisphere to the other, it is not the only route. After reading and consulting the bibliography of this article, I hope that you will be able to formulate your own opinions about these questions.","PeriodicalId":92003,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79478338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Hematologic Cancers Increase the Frequency of Demodex Spp.","authors":"G. Ilhan, Ö. Kaya, Feyyaz Bay, Cansu Önlen, Aliye Serpil Sarifakiogullari","doi":"10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.19","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim: Demodicosis is a parasitic skin disease caused by D. folliculorum and D. brevis, and is also known as hair follicle mite. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of D. folliculorum and D. brevis in hematologic cancer patients and to investigate their relation with chemotherapy. Materials and methods: Sixty-six hematologic cancer patients and 60 healthy individuals with similar age and sex were included in the study. Of the patients with hematological cancer, 50 received chemotherapy and 16 did not receive chemotherapy. The demographic characteristics of the patients were noted. Samples were taken from the cheeks, nose, chin and forehead of the participants with standardized skin surface biopsy and examined in light microscopy at 40x and 100x magnifications to determine the mite density in cm2. Demodicosis was assessed as positive if 5 or more Demodex spp. were seen per cm2. Results: Demodex spp. was positive in 19 (28.78%) of the cancer patients and 3 (5%) of the control group. The prevalence of Demodex spp. was significantly higher in the patient group (p<0.001). The mean mite count (31.31/cm2), in the patient group was also significantly higher than the control group (1.08/cm2), (p<0.001). Demodex spp. density was 38.94/cm2 in patients receiving chemotherapy and 7.50/cm2 in patients not receiving chemotherapy, and the difference between them was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, our study showed that patients with hematological cancer were infected with Demodex spp. more than controls and that the density of Demodex spp. was significantly increased in chemotherapy group. It should be kept in mind that Demodex spp. increases with weakening of the immune system and may cause skin lesions in hematologic cancer patients, especially in chemotherapy receiving patients.","PeriodicalId":92003,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medicine","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89352495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation the Effect of Serum Rich in Growth Factors on Proliferation, Growth and Expression of Genes Involved in Cell Longevity by Mesenchymal Stem Cells","authors":"R. M. Khalilabadi, Fatemeh Hoseinpour Kasgari","doi":"10.36648/1989-5216.13.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-5216.13.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The limited lifespan of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) has highly restricted their application. The Serum Rich in Growth Factors (SRGF) contains growth factors that are involved in processes of the growth and proliferation of MSCs. The present study was aimed to examine the regulatory effects of SRGF on the expression of some genes which effect both proliferation and lifespan of MSCs. Methods: SRGF was obtained from platelets and MSCs were isolated from umbilical cord. The MSCs morphology and phenotype have been analyzed using phase-contrast microscope and flow cytometry, respectively. Cells were cultured either in presence of FBS 10% (as control) or SRGF 5% plus FBS 5% and FBS 10% alone (as tests). The cell Population Doubling Time (PDT) was measured hourly. The expression of related genes was analyzed employing real-time PCR technique. Findings: Finding of the present study showed that the experimental groups were morphologically and phenotypically as similar as to control group. We observed that the PDT in the experimental group was shorter than that was found in the control. We have also found that the expression of hTERT and c-MYC genes was increased, while, and P16 and P53 genes were down- regulated. These results were superior in the 10%SRGF group than in the 5% SRGF + 5% FBS group. Conclusion: According to the finding of this study, SRGF could possibly serve as an effective proliferative and lifespan inducing factor for MSCs. These results also indicated that SRGF has the tendency to be employed as an appropriated alternative for FBS in cell culture.","PeriodicalId":92003,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73190423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment among Female Residents at the National Guard Residential City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Jumana H Khouja","doi":"10.36648/1989-5216.13.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-5216.13.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) remains the major cause of global mortality. This community-based study assessed CVD risk among female’s ≥30 years in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: All women living in the National Guard Residential City (n=616) received CVD screening and clinical and laboratory assessments from 1st of January to 30th of April 2015. The Framingham risk score was calculated for each individual and their readiness to make lifestyle changes was assessed. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors of CVD risk. Results: Most participants (n=531; mean age, 42 ± 8 years) were in the low risk group (86%). The moderate (10%) and high (4%) risk groups (n=85) had a mean age of 49 ± 6.5 years. CVD risk was seven-fold (95% Confidence Interval [CI], 3.6%- 16.3%), six-fold (95% CI, 3%-14%) five-fold (95% CI, 2.4%-10.6%), two-fold (95% CI, 1.2%-5%), and almost three-fold (95% CI, 1.3%-5.4%) in women with diabetes, hypertension, family history of heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, and those who were junk food consumers compared to other women. Thinking of changing lifestyle was a protective factor. Conclusion: CVD risk factors, including co-morbid conditions, inactive lifestyle, family history of chronic conditions, and smoking were associated with moderate to high CVD risk among participants. The findings also highlight the need to provide comprehensive interdisciplinary programs according to individual risk and readiness to change.","PeriodicalId":92003,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medicine","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72610323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibody Testing for COVID-19: An Open-Labelled, Pan-European Prevalence Study in Front-Line Essential Workers; UK and Ireland Reporting","authors":"E. Bouilloux, K. Thakrar, J. Burt, Sheryl M. Davies, A. Grosso","doi":"10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.09","url":null,"abstract":"To estimate the prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure rate in Accord Healthcare employees and compare this to regional and national statistics, as well as to monitor the impact of the infection rate when all employees return to the office. This may provide reassurance and support to many organisations and the economy when return to work is implemented ubiquitously.","PeriodicalId":92003,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79393140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Cancer Patients, At High Risk for Admission Due to Pneumonia, Did Not Require Hospitalization for COVID-19 at Creighton University Medical Center-Bergan Mercy in 2020","authors":"I. Ng, Leah Damiani Strain","doi":"10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.30","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients with lung cancer are at high risk for hospitalizations and death, although causes for admission in these patients are elusive. Also, the hospitalizations rates of patients with lung cancer in the COVID-19 pandemic are unclear. Methods: The objectives of this study are to evaluate causes for admission in lung cancer patients and to follow this group into 2020 to see if COVID-19 was a contributor to their hospitalizations. The design is a cohort, retrospective chart review. Participants were patients with an established diagnosis of lung cancer, pursing treatment, ages 19-89 at Creighton University Medical Center- Bergan Mercy (CUMC-B) Hospital Internal Medicine Department from January 1, 2019 through December 31, 2020. Measurements include basic demographics as well as causes for admission and COVID-19 status. Results and Discussion: Out of 37 patients, selected from 311 candidates, there were 47 causes for admission. Of total admissions from this cohort in 2019, 16.88% were due to pneumonia, 11% with acute respiratory failure with hypoxia. The top 14 causes for admission were responsible for 71.4% of the admissions of lung cancer patients in 2019. Of the surviving patients from 2019 into 2020, 1 had confirmed COVID-19. None were hospitalized for COVID-19 within this cohort. Although there were not COVID-19 related hospitalizations in this cohort, the percentage of overall people who died increased (10 deaths out of 37 (27%) from Jan 1, 2019-Feb 29, 2020 in comparison to 13 deaths out of 26 (50%) after March 1, 2020). Conclusion: Despite pneumonia being a leading cause for hospitalization in patients with lung cancer, nobody in this cohort was admitted with COVID-19. Although sample size is a limiting factor in this study, further investigation is warranted into why lung cancer patients in this cohort appear to have a steady or increased death rate, but did not contract COVID-19t.","PeriodicalId":92003,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medicine","volume":"38 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85006871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Pills: Impact of Rising Technology","authors":"K. SiddeshShewalkar, M. SakshiKothawade, A. RupaliPatil","doi":"10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.26","url":null,"abstract":"Digital Pills (DP) are an innovative drug-device technology that permits to combine traditional medications with a monitoring system to record data about medication adherence as well as patients’ physiological data without human intervention. The Digital Medicine System (DMS), a drug–device combination developed for patients with serious mental illness, together combines adherence measurement with pharmacologic action by placing an ingestible sensor in a pill, allowing for information sharing among patients, Health Care Providers (HCPs), and caregivers via a mobile interface. Non-adherence to medication compromises the helpfulness of psychiatric treatments in patients with Serious Mental Illness (SMI). The combination of wearable technology with a “Digital Ingestion Tracking Program” (DITP) embedded within a pain pill may allow patients, caregivers as well as healthcare providers to track ingestion of pills through the web or a Smartphone app. Digital adherence technology could be promising patient-centered strategies for monitoring adherence. In November 2017, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a version of a second-generation antipsychotic, aripiprazole; embedded with a sensor (Abilify MyCite). The paper highlights the impact of DMS and provides detailed review about it.","PeriodicalId":92003,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medicine","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85287931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring in TAVI-Patients Reveals More Pronounced Early in-Hospital Circulatory Recovery for Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis","authors":"B. Markus, H. Ahrens, Corinna Heinicke, D. Pethig, Mareike Schnurbus, Giorgos Chatzis, B. Schieffer, D. Divchev","doi":"10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-5216.21.13.36","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Little is known about differences and changes in hemodynamic in patients with Low-gradient (LG) and Non-Low-Gradient (NLG-) Aortic valve Stenosis (AS). Our current observation reveals such specific changes using the non-invasive NICaS® electrical bio-impedance monitoring system. Aim: Primary goal was to illustrate possible differences in subgroups of LG-AS and NLG-AS patients and to discriminate post-procedural adaptive mechanisms for the two subgroups. Methods and findings: In 99 unselected patients subjected to TAVI, NICaS® measurements were performed at baseline, 6 to 8 hours after TAVI and before discharge. 46 patients had a mean pressure gradient <40 mmHg corresponding to a LG-AS. Primary endpoint was defined as the change in cardiac index between the LG-AS and NLG-AS group at discharge. Cardiac index increased in both groups as compared with baseline [from 2.52 ± 0.75 to 3.45 ± 1.15 L/min/m2 (P=0.00014) in LG-AS and form 2.70 ± 0.97 to 3.08 ± 0.94 L/min/m2 (P=0.0198) in NLG-AS]. Increase in cardiac index was more pronounced in LG-AS with a difference between the groups of 0.52 ± 0.32 L/min/m2 (P=0.041) at discharge. Additionally, LG-AS patients showed higher increase in stroke volume index, cardiac power index, and Granov-Goor index and decrease of total peripheral resistance and total peripheral resistance index as secondary parameters. One limitation of our study is the observational design in a small cohort of patients. Therefore, larger trials are warranted to confirm our findings and to show whether there is prognostic relevance for long term outcomes of the different subgroups. Conclusion: NICaS® monitoring represents an accurate non-invasive bedsidetool to discriminate adaptive circulatory changes in subgroups of aortic stenosis patients subjected to TAVI. Hemodynamic parameters recovered more effectively in LG-AS patients after procedure. Whether a measurement-guided approach might be used for tailored peri-procedural management and could have long-term prognostic influence for AS subgroups remains to be elucidated.","PeriodicalId":92003,"journal":{"name":"Archives of medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90331679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}