Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety最新文献_第7页

Validation of occupational estimates of cumulative low-back load 累积低背负荷职业估计的验证

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-2012-0196

J. Callaghan, S. Howarth, T. Beach

引用次数: 9

Health risks associated with whole-body vibration exposure in steel manufacturing vehicle operators 钢铁制造车辆操作员全身振动暴露的健康风险

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-2012-0197

C. Harnish, T. Eger, M. Oliver, J. Dickey

{"title":"Health risks associated with whole-body vibration exposure in steel manufacturing vehicle operators","authors":"C. Harnish, T. Eger, M. Oliver, J. Dickey","doi":"10.3233/OER-2012-0197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/OER-2012-0197","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to measure operator exposure to whole-body vibration (WBV) and to determine health risks associated with the operation of heavy-lift transporters (HLT; n = 2), pot haulers (n = 3), hoists (n = 4) and loaders (n = 2) used within the steel manufacturing industry. Anecdotal evidence suggested operators of the above equipment were suffering from vibration-induced injury; however, typical exposure data was not available in the literature. A tri-axial seat-pad accelerometer was used to measure vibration at the operator/seat interface. Health risk to operators was determined based on criteria established in the ISO 2631-1 standard. The calculated 8-hour daily equivalent vibration dose value placed all pot haulers and one HLT, one hoist and one loader above the health guidance caution zone (HGCZ). Therefore, interventions aimed at reducing vibration exposure below the ISO 2631-1 HGCZ should be implemented. Caution must be applied when generalizing exposure data to other industries; however, exposure data reported in this study does represent the first published data for pot-haulers and HLTs in steel production.","PeriodicalId":91780,"journal":{"name":"Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety","volume":"10 1","pages":"125-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/OER-2012-0197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70150942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Joystick stiffness, movement speed and direction effects on upper limb muscular loading 操纵杆刚度、运动速度和方向对上肢肌肉负荷的影响

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-2012-0201

M. Oliver, G. W. Northey, T. Murphy, A. Maclean, J. Sexsmith

{"title":"Joystick stiffness, movement speed and direction effects on upper limb muscular loading","authors":"M. Oliver, G. W. Northey, T. Murphy, A. Maclean, J. Sexsmith","doi":"10.3233/OER-2012-0201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/OER-2012-0201","url":null,"abstract":"The manipulation of joysticks to control heavy machinery requires repetitive wrist and upper limb movements which can increase operator susceptibility to repetitive strain injuries. The purpose of this study was to analyse muscle activation using surface electromyography (EMG) on eight muscles of the upper limb during joystick manipulation. Experiments (n = 8 subjects) involved a series of 4 motion types (forward, backwards, inwards, outwards) at 2 speeds (fast, slow) using 3 identical joysticks with different stiffnesses (light, regular, heavy). Results showed that all experimental conditions required at least a constant low level (between 2-5% Task Maximal Voluntary Contraction) activation for all muscles. The joystick utilized in this study maintains the wrist in a more neutral posture, however, Integrated EMG ( iEMG) and peakEMG results suggest that the muscle strainistransferred from thewrist tothe shoulder. EMG results alsosuggest that shoulder strainisfurther exacerbated by the armrest as it forces the operator to elevate the shoulder while pulling the controller backwards and inadequately supporting the forearm while moving it in the forward direction. Muscles involved as prime movers had higher activation levels when joystick stiffness was increased, however, muscles that provided directional, positional or postural support to the prime movers were relatively unaffected by joystick stiffness. Muscle activation was increased for all muscles when the joystick was moved quickly. This finding may be important for work environments using joysticks which require increased precision and fine movements coupled with short, highly repetitious cycle times.","PeriodicalId":91780,"journal":{"name":"Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety","volume":"14 1","pages":"175-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/OER-2012-0201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70151095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Evaluating risks for the upper extremity during the installation of electrical meters 电表安装过程中上肢风险评估

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-2011-0189

Jaclyn N. Chopp, S. Hunt, C. Mckean, C. Dickerson

{"title":"Evaluating risks for the upper extremity during the installation of electrical meters","authors":"Jaclyn N. Chopp, S. Hunt, C. Mckean, C. Dickerson","doi":"10.3233/OER-2011-0189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/OER-2011-0189","url":null,"abstract":"Installation of electrical meters is an occupational task that may place utility employees at risk of upper extremity discomfort or disorders. This study focused on identifying the most preferable installation technique from several alternatives using a combination of professional utility employees and experimental subjects. Factors considered included variation in installation height, the use of a hand-held mallet, lubrication applied to the meter and the use of one vs. two hands for installation. Installing meters located above shoulder height resulted in a two-fold increase in both peak and cumulative hand acceleration and pressure. Further, the use of a force-absorbing striking mallet showed significantly lowered peak pressure (60%) compared to other techniques. Peak acceleration and cumulative pressure were significantly lower than other techniques for both experienced and inexperienced subjects when using the mallet. Additionally, the mallet installations had amongst the lowest ratings of perceived exertion across installation types. Thus, the primary recommendations for meter installation with respect to the analyzed scenarios are to use a force-absorbing striking mallet and avoid installations at high locations.","PeriodicalId":91780,"journal":{"name":"Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety","volume":"10 1","pages":"13-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/OER-2011-0189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70150063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An ergonomics evaluation of posture related discomfort and occupational health problems among rice farmers 稻农姿势相关不适与职业健康问题的人体工程学评估

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-2011-0190

B. Das, S. Gangopadhyay

引用次数: 44

Are older workers at greater risk of musculoskeletal disorders in the workplace than young workers? – A literature review 年龄较大的员工在工作场所罹患肌肉骨骼疾病的风险是否高于年轻员工?-文献综述

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-2011-0192

O. Okunribido, T. Wynn, D. Lewis

引用次数: 38

Effect of horizontal pushing and pulling exertions on neck muscle activity 水平推拉动作对颈部肌肉活动的影响

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-2012-0199

Yun Sun, A. Nimbarte

引用次数: 3

Job rotation - implications for old and impaired assembly line workers. 轮岗——对年老和受损装配线工人的影响。

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-2010-0172

J. Weichel, S. Stanič, José E Diaz, E. Frieling

{"title":"Job rotation - implications for old and impaired assembly line workers.","authors":"J. Weichel, S. Stanič, José E Diaz, E. Frieling","doi":"10.3233/OER-2010-0172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/OER-2010-0172","url":null,"abstract":"The demographic change in Western societies leads to an increasing number of older employees in organizations. Furthermore, the percentage of employees with physical impairments increases with rising age. Job rotation is one intervention that aims at preventing unbalanced workload and increasing variation. However, systematic studies focusing on the effects of job rotation and on systematic job rotation schemes in practise are rare. The presented study analyzes job rotation in the automotive industry and its relationships to subjective and objective data with regard to an aging workforce and impaired employees. Our analysis showed that older and impaired employees rotated less. Employees who rotated between higher ranges of workstations assessed their job performance and health higher than employees with a smaller rotation-range. More job rotation was also correlated to less absenteeism. Additionally, impaired employees had lower performance and health scores, and higher absenteeism than employees without impairments. Practical implications and limitations of the study are discussed.","PeriodicalId":91780,"journal":{"name":"Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety","volume":"9 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/OER-2010-0172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70149689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

The Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA): Validity of online worker self-assessments and the relationship to worker discomfort. 快速办公室压力评估(ROSA):在线员工自我评估的有效性及其与员工不适的关系。

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-2012-0194

Michael W. L. Sonne

{"title":"The Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA): Validity of online worker self-assessments and the relationship to worker discomfort.","authors":"Michael W. L. Sonne","doi":"10.3233/OER-2012-0194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/OER-2012-0194","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine if office workers were capable of using an online version of the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) tool to accurately assess musculoskeletal disorder risk factors in their own offices, and see if online training can reduce worker-reported discomfort. Fifty-five participants completed a four week program where they assessed their own office simultaneously with a trained observer, and either received or did not receive feedback on their performance. Significant differences were found between worker- and observer-reported ROSA final scores, and for the mouse and keyboard section, with workers underestimating these risk factors on average, compared to the trained observer. Worker and observer assessments of the chair, monitor and telephone were not significantly different but were significantly correlated (R values of 0.60 and 0.48). There were a greater number of significant correlations between worker-reported ROSA final scores and total body discomfort (3 instances) compared to observer-reported relationships (1 instance). Feedback appeared to have a detrimental effect on worker-assessment accuracy, and the relationship between discomfort and ROSA scores. Mean discomfort decreased across the four weeks of the study (up to a 51.6% decrease), as did ROSA final scores (3.9 to 3.5). Additional work is required to improve the validity of worker-reported scores in all sections of ROSA, but self-assessments of office workstations using the current ROSA online application do show promise in terms of assisting workers to decrease risk factors related to musculoskeletal disorders, and decrease discomfort levels.","PeriodicalId":91780,"journal":{"name":"Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety","volume":"10 1","pages":"83-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/OER-2012-0194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70150272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26

Improving the energy and fluid balance of workers involved in harvesting tasks. 改善参与收割工作的工人的能量和体液平衡。

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-2010-0184

C. Christie

引用次数: 7