Biosystems Engineering最新文献_第6页

Application of leaf attitude sensor systems in air-assisted spraying operation in cowpea and citrus 叶片姿态传感器系统在豇豆和柑橘空气辅助喷洒作业中的应用

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104232

Shaoqing Xu , Luna Luo , Ye Jin , Yuan Zhong , Jianli Song

{"title":"Application of leaf attitude sensor systems in air-assisted spraying operation in cowpea and citrus","authors":"Shaoqing Xu , Luna Luo , Ye Jin , Yuan Zhong , Jianli Song","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In air-assisted spraying operations, the leaves are perturbed by the airflow and undergo attitude changes, the droplets are deposited onto the leaf surface with the assistance of the airflow. To explore the process, it is important to obtain the dynamic attitude characteristics of the leaves. Therefore, in this study, a leaf attitude sensor was developed that could output the deflection angle data of the leaf in the <em>x</em>-, <em>y</em>- and <em>z</em>-axes accurately. The output frequency of the sensor was 0.2–200 Hz and applied to cowpea and citrus spraying operations. The leaf deposition and leaf deflection angles were acquired simultaneously to explore the relationship between them. Results revealed that in cowpea spraying, the coverage of the abaxial leaf surface had a significant negative correlation with the deflection angle on the <em>x</em>-axis and a positive correlation with the <em>z</em>-axis. For the upper and middle canopies of a citrus tree, a negative correlation was discovered between the coverage of the abaxial leaf surface and the deflection angle of the <em>x</em>-axis. In summary, the sensors developed in this study can be used to obtain leaf deflection angles during spraying operations. The obtained data can provide support for analysing the process of droplet deposition onto the leaves and improving the spray effect. The sensor developed in this study can be used to investigate the relationship between deposition and leaf oscillation during spraying, thereby providing theoretical and data support for the improvement of application equipment and parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 104232"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A driven-elastic straw clearing device for strip tillage based on DEM-MFBD coupling simulation significantly improves maize seedling emergence rate 基于DEM-MFBD耦合模拟的带状耕作驱动-弹性秸秆清理装置可显著提高玉米出苗率

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104235

Chengliang Zhang , Xiaogeng Wang , Dayong Zhao , Jianguang Gong , Yongjun Wang , Jiale Zhao

{"title":"A driven-elastic straw clearing device for strip tillage based on DEM-MFBD coupling simulation significantly improves maize seedling emergence rate","authors":"Chengliang Zhang , Xiaogeng Wang , Dayong Zhao , Jianguang Gong , Yongjun Wang , Jiale Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The traditional passive-rigid straw clearing device (PRSCD) is difficult to achieve a balance between high straw clearing rate (SCR) and low soil disturbance rate (SDR), resulting in maize seedling emergence rate (SER) consistently below 90.7 % in strip tillage operation mode. In this study, a new driven-elastic straw clearing device (DESCD) that combined driven rotation with elastic material was innovatively developed, and a DEM-MFBD coupling model was constructed to accurately simulate the straw clearing operation process. The simulation results showed that the deformation under force of the elastic rake tine of DESCD reduced the impact on soil particles, which in turn significantly reduced SDR (P ≤ 0.01). Meanwhile, the driven rotation mode could provide stable rotational momentum for DESCD, and then significantly increase SCR (P ≤ 0.01). The elastic deformation coefficient <em>k</em> and driven rotational speed <em>n</em> of DESCD had a significant effect on SCR and SDR (P ≤ 0.01), and the optimal parameter combination of DESCD was <em>k</em> of 780 N mm (°)<sup>−1</sup> and <em>n</em> of 280 rpm. The field verification experiment results showed that compared with PRSCD, DESCD could increase SCR by 13.19 % without significantly increasing SDR, which in turn improved SER by 5.78 %. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference between the SCR and SDR calculated by the DEM-MFBD coupling simulation model and the actual field experimental data (P > 0.05). In summary, a new high-performance straw clearing device and a high-precision parameter simulation and optimisation design method were developed for significantly improving the maize SER in strip tillage in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 104235"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and field evaluation of a straddle-frame honeysuckle harvesting robot 跨架金银花收获机器人的研制与现场评价

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104234

Zhaoyu Rui , Zhao Zhang , Cunming Hao , C. Igathinathane , Afshin Azizi , Xiaofei Wu , Man Zhang , Fazeel Abid , Seyed Mohamad Javidan

{"title":"Development and field evaluation of a straddle-frame honeysuckle harvesting robot","authors":"Zhaoyu Rui , Zhao Zhang , Cunming Hao , C. Igathinathane , Afshin Azizi , Xiaofei Wu , Man Zhang , Fazeel Abid , Seyed Mohamad Javidan","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Honeysuckle (<em>Lonicera japonica</em> L.) holds significant economic value due to its traditional medicinal applications. However, the lack of modern mechanical harvesting methods renders the honeysuckle harvesting approach still manual. Increasing labour costs and a diminishing labour pool significantly increase the production cost of honeysuckles, potentially jeopardising sustainable production. Therefore, a straddle-frame honeysuckle-picking robot, which consists of a customised electric platform and gripper, was developed and field-tested. A rotatable two degrees-of-freedom gripping end-effector was designed to adapt to different honeysuckle orientations. The YOLOv8-pose algorithm was employed to detect picking points and ascertain flower orientation. This algorithm uses the keypoint located at the upper part of the honeysuckle as the picking point, thereby ensuring accurate positioning while simultaneously detecting the angle of the connecting line between the bud head and tail relative to the horizontal line and accordingly adjusting the rotation of the gripping finger. The model demonstrated robust performance in natural field environments, achieving 0.96 precision, 0.85 recall, 0.90 F<sub>1</sub>-score, and 4.97° mean absolute error. Test results at various picking points indicated that the damage rate incurred when picking the honeysuckle in the bud's middle was about 20°%, while picking at the head resulted in minimal or no damage. For the picking performance evaluation experiment, a dataset of 2°06 honeysuckles was tested, resulting in a success rate of 66.8 %, a damage rate of 9.6°%, a positioning accuracy of 68.5°%, and average time to harvest one honeysuckle of 4.9 s. The developed honeysuckle harvest robot presents a promising solution for the automated harvesting of honeysuckle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 104234"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiple behaviour recognition of free-range broilers in cross-domain scenarios using MCA-YOLOv5 基于MCA-YOLOv5的散养肉鸡跨域场景多重行为识别

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104226

Yang Guo , Junshu Wang , Peng Lin , Chengcheng Yin , Yuxing Han

{"title":"Multiple behaviour recognition of free-range broilers in cross-domain scenarios using MCA-YOLOv5","authors":"Yang Guo , Junshu Wang , Peng Lin , Chengcheng Yin , Yuxing Han","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precision livestock farming is the trend of the future, and the use of computer vision to replace traditional manual monitoring is the key to real-time poultry disease monitoring. Behaviour changes in broilers serve as important indicators of their health status. In previous studies, most broiler research has focused on basic behaviours such as drinking, feeding and walking. However, with the transition to cage-free housing, more natural behaviours need to be monitored for welfare assessment. To address this issue, the article proposes a multi-behaviour monitoring model for broilers that combines computer vision. To improve the model accuracy without increasing the overall parameter amount. First, the Transformer-based MobileVitV3 lightweight network structure had been introduced into the YOLOv5. Then, the Coordinate Attention (CA) attention mechanism had been incorporated into the Backbone to focus on important features. Finally, a new loss function called Focal-DIOU had been innovatively proposed. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed MCA-YOLOv5 model achieves the highest recognition accuracy, with precision (P) and mean Average Precision (mAP) reaching 90 % and 91 % respectively. The method further improved algorithm performance and reduced computational cost compared with the state-of-the-art, such as YOLOv5s, SSD, Faster-RCNN, YOLOv3, YOLOv4, and PPYOLO. Compared with these algorithms, the P of the proposed improved model increased by 2.0 %, 15.5 %, 9.0 %, 32.5 %, 2.7 %, 2.8 %, and 7.5 %, respectively. By utilising the MCA-YOLOv5 model in cross-domain scenarios, it can accurately identify 12 different behaviours of broilers, providing new insights for the development of intelligent equipment in livestock farming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 104226"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vibration dynamics of pruned canopy: Investigating the impact of excitation trajectories on fruit-tree system response 修剪后树冠的振动动力学：研究激励轨迹对果树系统响应的影响

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104236

Jishun Liu , Xintao Han , Chanda Mulongoti , Zenghong Ma , Xiaohua Yao , Qiyin Zhuang , Sergio Castro-García , Xiaoqiang Du

{"title":"Vibration dynamics of pruned canopy: Investigating the impact of excitation trajectories on fruit-tree system response","authors":"Jishun Liu , Xintao Han , Chanda Mulongoti , Zenghong Ma , Xiaohua Yao , Qiyin Zhuang , Sergio Castro-García , Xiaoqiang Du","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vibratory harvesting efficiency for forest fruits like <em>Camellia oleifera</em> (edible-oil tree) depends on machine vibration parameters and tree biomechanics, particularly tree structure. This study aimed to improve fruit removal and identify optimal tree structures for mechanised harvesting. A dynamic branch-fruit model based on an epitrochoid trajectory identified excitation frequency and trajectory amplitude as key detachment factors. Box-Behnken experiments determined the optimal vibration response at 7 Hz and 90 mm amplitude, considering branch angle and length. A parallel mechanism-driven canopy shaker was designed for field trials. The <em>C. oleifera</em> morphology was modified by pruning to assess vibration response and attenuation across canopies with varying branch angles. Branches inclined between 30° and 60° exhibited the highest vibration acceleration (26.5 m s<sup>−2</sup>), while those between 0° and 30° showed the lowest (13.8 m s<sup>−2</sup>). Vibration attenuation was the highest in 0°–30° branches and the lowest in 60°–90° branches. Based on these results and conventional practices, an optimal pruning scheme was developed to facilitate harvesting without compromising yield. Field harvesting trials achieved an average fruit removal rate of 75.1 % and an average bud shedding rate of 11.6 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 104236"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Agricultural machinery scheduling under time window constraints using deep reinforcement learning 基于深度强化学习的时间窗约束下农机调度

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104188

Yuemei Wu , Hui Fang

{"title":"Agricultural machinery scheduling under time window constraints using deep reinforcement learning","authors":"Yuemei Wu , Hui Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based approach to address key limitations of traditional methods, such as low efficiency, poor accuracy, and unstable solution quality, in solving agricultural machinery scheduling with time window constraints. This study first analyses the agricultural machinery scheduling problem as a Markov decision process (MDP), constructs an attention-based network utilising the Transformer architecture, and trains the model with the actor-critic algorithm. A local search algorithm is then integrated to further refine the scheduling solution. This study uses real-world datasets of field with point scales of 20, 50, and 100 to compare the performance of different scheduling strategies, including DRL, ant colony optimisation (ACO) and genetic algorithm (GA). Experimental results show that, at a 20-point scale, DRL reduces scheduling costs by an average of 5.96 % and 6.57 % compared to ACO and GA, while decreasing runtime by 85.1 % and 90.8 %, respectively. At a 50-point scale, DRL reduces scheduling costs by an average of 9.91 % and 16.7 % compared to ACO and GA, while decreasing runtime by 96.0 % and 98.1 %. At the 100-point scale, DRL reduces scheduling costs by an average of 13.8 % and 21.9 % compared to ACO and GA, while decreasing runtime by 98.5 % and 99.1 %. Overall, the DRL algorithm consistently minimises scheduling costs and substantially decreases runtime relative to ACO and GA, providing an efficient and scientifically grounded solution for agricultural machinery scheduling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 104188"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biofilm community structure and loading effect of netted cages for offshore aquaculture in the Western Yellow Sea 西黄海近海养殖网箱生物膜群落结构及负荷效应

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104238

Ming-Shan Sun , Chun-Wei Bi , Liu-Yi Huang , Rong-Ping Liu , Xin-Xing You , Shu-Yue He

{"title":"Biofilm community structure and loading effect of netted cages for offshore aquaculture in the Western Yellow Sea","authors":"Ming-Shan Sun , Chun-Wei Bi , Liu-Yi Huang , Rong-Ping Liu , Xin-Xing You , Shu-Yue He","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biofouling on the netting limits the exchange of water flow within the net cage. This deteriorates the aquatic environment, increases the net cage load, and threatens the health of the farmed fish and the safety of the cage structure. In this study, we utilized net panels at offshore cage sites to continuously monitor the community succession of fouling organisms on netting at different water depths (0.5, 2.5, and 4.5 m), exploring the relationships between biofouling communities and environmental factors. The collected fouled nets were then subjected to hydrodynamic tests. In total, 22 taxa were identified, with motile species being predominant (54 %). Significant temporal and spatial variations in offshore cage cultures were observed in the succession of biofouling communities. The average abundance (∼6.22 × 10<sup>5</sup> individuals m<sup>−2</sup>), average biomass (∼985 g m<sup>−2</sup>), and average percentage net aperture occlusion (∼0.99). <em>Caprella aino</em> (Caprellid), <em>Jassa mormorata</em> (Gammaridea), and <em>Tubularia mesembryanthemum</em> (Hydroid) were the most dominant species, and their abundances were closely related to the concentration of SiO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>-Si. Community changes in the fouling organisms were influenced by temperature (<em>T</em>), dissolved oxygen (<em>DO</em>), salinity (<em>S</em>), SiO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>-Si, PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>-P, and NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>-N, with <em>T</em> and SiO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>-Si having the greatest influence. Hydroids significantly altered the hydrodynamic properties of the net panels in terms of current, increasing the maximum drag on the net panels by 6.09 times and the maximum lift by 15 times. These results have significant reference value for preventing and removing fouling organisms in offshore aquaculture cages and for the safety assessment of cage structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 104238"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulation and experiment of kernel loss during peeling of seed maize based on DEM-MBD coupling 基于DEM-MBD耦合的种子玉米脱皮过程籽粒损失模拟与试验

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104225

Junzhi Chen , Ruijie Shi , Wuyun Zhao , Fei Dai , Yiming Zhao , Xiaolong Liu

{"title":"Simulation and experiment of kernel loss during peeling of seed maize based on DEM-MBD coupling","authors":"Junzhi Chen , Ruijie Shi , Wuyun Zhao , Fei Dai , Yiming Zhao , Xiaolong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the issue of significant kernel loss during the peeling process of seed maize, this study constructs a discrete element model (DEM) of seed maize ear aggregates based on the three-layer structure of the maize ear through hierarchical modelling and the particle filling method. At the same time, a multi-body dynamics (MBD) model of the peeling mechanism is created using the mesh delineation and flexible body method. The DEM-MBD coupling method is employed to simulate the interaction process between the seed maize and the peeling mechanism, analysing the impact of different working parameters of the peeling mechanism on the loss of maize kernels. Using the principle of the Box-Behnken experimental design, a three-factor, three-level experiment is carried out. Based on the experimental results, a quadratic polynomial regression model between the experimental factors and the indicator is established. Through multi-objective optimisation and experimental verification, the optimal combination of working parameters for the seed maize peeling mechanism is obtained: the spacing between the press-pusher and the peeling roller is 33 mm, the peeling roller rotational speed is 420 r·min<sup>−1</sup>, and the peeling roller gap is - 0.8 mm, with the kernel shedding rate being 0.80 %. The error between the simulation and verification experimental results is <3 %, validating the accuracy and reliability of the simulation model in predicting kernel loss. The peeling rollers used in the experiment meet the performance requirements for seed maize peeling, and the method adopted can offer some reference for the improvement and parameter optimisation of the seed maize peeling mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 104225"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical study on the transformation mechanism of rice discharging characteristics of double-orifice silo 双孔筒仓排粮特性转变机理的数值研究

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104231

Wenyu Feng , Yanlong Han , Anqi Li , Hao Li , Haonan Gao , Ze Sun , Yawen Xiao

{"title":"Numerical study on the transformation mechanism of rice discharging characteristics of double-orifice silo","authors":"Wenyu Feng , Yanlong Han , Anqi Li , Hao Li , Haonan Gao , Ze Sun , Yawen Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multi-orifice silos are used in a wide variety of applications due to their ability to increase discharging rate and reduce clogging probability. However, the discharge characteristics of multi-orifice silos are more complex than that of single outlet silos. Double-orifice eccentric silos are the most basic form of multi-orifice silos, as multi-orifice silos can be regarded as a combination of multiple double-orifice silos. Eccentric silos refer to those silos with eccentric discharge. In this work, the transformation mechanism of particle flow characteristics inside the fundamental double-orifice silo was numerically investigated. A method for determining special position of dynamic arch transfer above orifice according to the fluctuation change of arch feet pressure was proposed first. The results showed that there are obvious differences in the contact and flow characteristics of particles flowing to both sides of double-orifice silos at different stages. Free-fall arch (FFA) structure undergoes three transitional stages, with eccentricities of 0.2 and 0.327 serving as critical transition points, corresponding to the stage transition points in discharge rate at eccentricities of 0.205 and 0.33. Phase change in discharging process originates from the shear interaction between flowing particles and particles in quasi-stagnation region between orifices. Furthermore, as the quasi-stagnation region expands, the impact on outflow particles is first dramatically weakened, then slowly weakened and finally remains stable, corresponding to different particle outflow transformation stages. The results can contribute to the deeper understanding of complex particle discharge problems in multi-orifice silos and provide theoretical guidance for the application and design of multi-orifice silos.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 104231"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on ammonia, methane, and odour emissions dynamics from pig slurry systems in an experimental chamber 实验室内猪浆系统氨、甲烷和气味排放动态研究

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104237

Pablo García, Anders Feilberg, Lise Bonne Guldberg, Michael Jørgen Hansen

{"title":"Study on ammonia, methane, and odour emissions dynamics from pig slurry systems in an experimental chamber","authors":"Pablo García, Anders Feilberg, Lise Bonne Guldberg, Michael Jørgen Hansen","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agriculture is a major source of ammonia, methane, and odorants. Slurry management contributes significantly to their emissions and understanding the release mechanism of these gaseous compounds is essential for developing effective mitigation strategies. To identify key factors governing ammonia, methane, and slurry odorant emissions under controlled conditions, we developed an experimental chamber with partially slatted floor. The study includes simultaneous increases in slurry surface area and volume, increases in volume alone, setting different ventilation rates, and the effects of fouling. Ammonia emissions were significantly influenced by the simultaneous increase in both surface area and volume, by the ventilation rate and by the application of fouling. Methane emissions were significantly affected by the simultaneous increase in both surface area and volume, as well as the increase in volume alone, while ventilation rate or fouling had no significant effect on emissions. The dominant odorants emerging from slurry in terms of odour activity value were 3-methyl-1H-indole, 4-methylphenol, and hydrogen sulphide. Hydrogen sulphide exhibited emission patterns similar to methane, while emission patterns of 4-methylphenol and 3-methyl-1H-indole were more comparable with those of ammonia. Our results indicate that mitigation strategies should focus on controlling the slurry surface area and preventing fouling to reduce ammonia and odour emissions whereas maintaining a low slurry volume limits methane and hydrogen sulphide emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"257 ","pages":"Article 104237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0