Biosystems Engineering最新文献

Assessment of grapevine bunch withering: advances in fruit 3D morphology and colour evaluation

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104145

Alessandro Zanchin , Anna Perbellini , Marco Sozzi , Francesco Marinello , Lorenzo Guerrini

{"title":"Assessment of grapevine bunch withering: advances in fruit 3D morphology and colour evaluation","authors":"Alessandro Zanchin , Anna Perbellini , Marco Sozzi , Francesco Marinello , Lorenzo Guerrini","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The agro-industrial sector is experiencing a new wave of innovation driven by goods-inspecting devices designed to optimise operations, improve product quality, and reduce yield losses. Grape withering is widely used to concentrate berry juice for raisin and sweet wine production. While this process alters wine characteristics, it also introduces costs and risks, as pathogen infections can compromise the quality of the final product. This study presents a reliable three-dimensional analysis for assessing grape colour and bunch morphology to evaluate infection risk and drying performance. Twenty <em>Vitis vinifera</em> bunches were dried under environmental conditions. Colour analysis focused on the distribution of colours in healthy versus rotten bunches. Three-dimensional digital replicas were generated with two methods: i) photogrammetry, and ii) a recently developed artificial intelligence model. The point clouds and meshes output from the two approaches were compared, and morphometric traits were directly measured, including volume, surface area, and both horizontal and vertical sections for each bunch. Key geometrical descriptors of the bunch's horizontal sections and individual berries were found to be relevant for classifying the risk of bunch rot. Additionally, morphometric traits related to bunch compactness were linked to drying speed. A linear model incorporating three-dimensional descriptors was developed to estimate weight loss during withering, achieving an R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.98 and a relative error of 0.07. The artificial intelligence-based technique produced lower-quality models for grape reconstruction, but the selected morphometric traits remained effective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"254 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A detailed plant model in CFD that resolves the microclimate around individual leaves

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104144

Wito Plas , Toon Demeester , Zaaquib Y. Ahmed , Jonas R. Coussement , Kathy Steppe , Michel De Paepe

{"title":"A detailed plant model in CFD that resolves the microclimate around individual leaves","authors":"Wito Plas , Toon Demeester , Zaaquib Y. Ahmed , Jonas R. Coussement , Kathy Steppe , Michel De Paepe","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant factories require effective ventilation to promote proper plant growth. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is commonly used to evaluate ventilation strategies in these environments. Traditionally, porous models have been employed to study ventilation in plant factories. However, this study proposes an alternative approach using actual plant geometry, consisting of leaves and stems, which reduces the need for fitting parameters typically used in porous models. The study focuses on basil, with plant geometry based on experimental data to ensure accurate representation. This new plant model accounts for the heat and mass balance of each leaf, assigning individual temperature and humidity values. Radiative heat exchange was also included in the plant model by using the solar ray tracing algorithm to solve for shortwave radiation and the surface to surface radiation model for longwave thermal radiation. Validation was conducted in a small plant factory-like environment (1500 mm × 420 mm x 800 mm) under night-like conditions without shortwave radiation and day-like conditions, with shortwave radiation. Key variables such as transpiration rate and leaf temperature were measured and simulated. The coefficient of variation between measured and simulated transpiration rates ranged from 10 % to 15 % for night-time and 15 % for day-time. Root mean square deviations for leaf temperature were 0.4–0.6 °C at night and 0.5–1.6 °C during the day. A different test case, with air supplied from the bottom instead of the side, demonstrated the new model's capabilities. Overall, the new plant model visualises airflow around and through the canopy, and shows promise for improving ventilation strategies in vertical farming systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 104144"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research and experimentation on an automatic teat cupattachment system for dairy cows based on visual perception

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104142

Zhiheng Lu , Kai Huang , Yu Li , Shusheng Yu , Hao Lai , Tianyun Dong , Wang Yang , Guanghui Wang

{"title":"Research and experimentation on an automatic teat cupattachment system for dairy cows based on visual perception","authors":"Zhiheng Lu , Kai Huang , Yu Li , Shusheng Yu , Hao Lai , Tianyun Dong , Wang Yang , Guanghui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The milking process is the most labour-intensive activity in dairy farming. Teat cup attachment is the primary challenge in realizing automatic milking. The existing AMS (automatic milking systems) primarily utilize laser/vision technology for their sensing systems, leading to slow teat sensing process and struggles with attaching teat cups to angled teats. Moreover, current depth sensing technologies fail to achieve real-time, high-accuracy 6D pose estimation (3D position and orientation) for deformable biological targets like cow teats. To address these issues, we first expand the cow udder image dataset and propose an arbitrary-oriented teat detection and target endpoint positioning method based on YOLOv8-obb. The <em>AP</em> (average precision) of the method is 97.82%, the average orientation error is 1.83°, the average positioning error of target endpoint is 2.04 pixels, and the detection time is 11 ms per image. Secondly, based on the morphological characteristics of the teats, combined with the teats rotated bounding boxes and binocular vision, we develop an efficient method for spatial positions and orientations calculation of teats’ target endpoints, with an average time consumption of 24.62 ms. Finally, a lightweight automatic teat cup attachment system is built to perform experiments. Among the 25 groups experiments, the average spatial positioning errors of the X, Y, and Z axes are 2.54 mm, 2.08 mm, and 3.90 mm, respectively, while the average spatial orientation errors are 1.16°, 1.28°, and 1.73°, respectively. The average time consumption for the entire process is 116.71 ms. The results prove the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 104142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A study of the vibration properties of a pile-net structure under wave-induced excitations

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104139

Wude Xie , Zhaoyang Jiang , Yujiao Zheng , Zhenlin Liang

{"title":"A study of the vibration properties of a pile-net structure under wave-induced excitations","authors":"Wude Xie , Zhaoyang Jiang , Yujiao Zheng , Zhenlin Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pile-net enclosure structures for aquaculture in marine environments usually consist of flexible nets suspended between piles anchored to the seabed. These structures often experience simultaneous vibrations due to wave action. In this study, a coupled dynamic model is developed to simulate the three-dimensional vibrations of a pile-net structure constrained by seabed soil and subjected to wave excitations. The waves are simulated using Stokes second-order wave theory. The piles are modeled with Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, and the seabed soil is represented by spring models. The vibrations of the flexible net are simulated using the lumped-mass method. The Morison equation is applied to calculate wave-induced hydrodynamic forces on the piles and net. With comparisons to the results of the finite element method and experiments, the present dynamic model is validated. The vibration properties of a pile-net structure are analyzed, and several parametric studies are conducted to evaluate the impacts of pile diameter, pile length, soil spring stiffness, and wave direction. The results demonstrate that the pile-net structure will be more strongly constrained and the dynamic responses will decrease as the pile diameter increases, the pile length in seabed soil increases, or the seabed soil becomes more rigid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 104139"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-term prediction of wound closure in residual damaged trees using Markov chain analysis

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104141

Sättar Ezzati, Mohammad Hassan Nasseri

{"title":"Long-term prediction of wound closure in residual damaged trees using Markov chain analysis","authors":"Sättar Ezzati, Mohammad Hassan Nasseri","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the wound healing dynamics in damaged residual trees along skid trail margins is important for maintaining stand health and minimizing financial losses during final harvesting. This study deployed a Markov chain decision process to model wound healing times, integrating complex treatments of trail design factors (traffic intensity, decommissioning age) and wound characteristics (severity) to inform postharvest management strategies, including retaining or early thinning interventions before residual trees exceed their biological longevity. Data on wound size and healing rates were collected from standing residual trees along four abandoned skid trails in mixed hardwood forests subjected to ground-based skidding operations in northern Iran. Healing times varied significantly, ranging from 39 years for trees on recently decommissioned trails (<5 yrs) to 54 years for those on older trails (>15 yrs), influenced by wound severity and traffic levels. Light-bark wounds healed within 20 years, while severe wounds influencing the phloem or fibre required up to 60 years. Increased traffic intensity was associated with more severe damage and extended healing times, with trees adjacent to lightly trafficked trails recovered within 50 years, compared to up to 70 years for those near heavily trafficked trails. This study validates the utility of Markov chain models in predicting wound healing durations and informing postharvest management decisions. Given the extended healing times (50–70 yrs) and the risk of infection spread, strategic skid trail planning, employment of skilled operators, and periodic thinning interventions are recommended to maintain the health and economic value of damaged residual trees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 104141"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimising and analysis of the hydraulic performance of a water dispersion needle sprinkler using RF-NSGA II and CFD 利用 RF-NSGA II 和 CFD 优化和分析水分散针式喷洒器的水力性能

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.02.009

Hong Li, Xuwei Pan, Yue Jiang, Xuan Zhou

{"title":"Optimising and analysis of the hydraulic performance of a water dispersion needle sprinkler using RF-NSGA II and CFD","authors":"Hong Li, Xuwei Pan, Yue Jiang, Xuan Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hydraulic performance of a needle dispersion sprinkler is related to the combination of its rotation speed and the parameters of the water dispersal needle, which impacts the water-saving and energy-saving efficacy of the sprinkler irrigation system. An experimental device was designed to provide data, and the random forest model (RF) and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA II) were employed to optimise throw radius and combined uniformity. A CFD method was used to analyse the mechanism for improving hydraulic performance. The results indicated that the RF model predicted the throw radius and combined uniformity with high accuracy and the minimum fit value exceeded 0.96. The maximum deviation between the RF-NSGA II algorithm results and the experimental results did not exceed 8%. The optimisation results achieved the optimal matching of key parameters and improve the throw radius and uniformity. The decrease in entropy production and the increase in jet velocity were the primary reasons for the increase in the throw radius. The increased air entrainment rate and the enlarged liquid film distribution area, along with an increased number of ligaments and droplets, contribute to an improved combined uniformity. This study provides valuable insights and references for improving the hydraulic performance of sprinkler.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 104113"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelling rupture and relaxation characteristics of soybean under compressive loading

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104137

Emmanuel Baidhe, Clairmont L. Clementson

{"title":"Modelling rupture and relaxation characteristics of soybean under compressive loading","authors":"Emmanuel Baidhe, Clairmont L. Clementson","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the mechanical compression behaviour of soybeans varieties (P23A40E, XF31-32N, and EL30-33) for optimal energy usage in oil extraction. The influence of initial pressing height (20, 30, and 50 mm) and loading rate (20, 30, and 50 mm min<sup>−1</sup>), and variety on rupture, deformation and relaxation behaviours were investigated. Compression tests were performed using a TestResources universal testing machine equipped with 5 kN and 25 kN load cells for single kernel and bulk soybeans, respectively. Mathematical models were used to characterize the load-deformation and relaxation properties of soybeans under compression. Results showed that variety, initial pressing height, and loading rate significantly affected rupture energy and modulus of elasticity (p < 0.05). Rupture energy increased while modulus of elasticity decreased with higher loading rates and initial pressing heights across varieties. The Tangent model (order 1–3) effectively described load-deformation characteristics, while the Peleg and Normand model provided an accessible method to model relaxation behaviour, presenting an RMSE <0.0058. The Maxwell Standard Linear Solid (SLS) model effectively simulated stress dynamics over compression and relaxation stages. Collectively, these models offer insights into load requirements, energy loss mitigation, and quality maintenance, with implications for scaling up compression-based soybean oil production. The study concludes that selecting optimal loading parameters based on variety-specific characteristics improves energy efficiency and oil yield. This comprehensive approach advances understanding of soybean behaviour under compression, enabling more efficient, quality-focused oil extraction processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 104137"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic behaviour of a large flexible net with local biofouling subjected to irregular waves

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104138

Wude Xie , Zhaoyang Jiang , Yujiao Zheng , Zhenlin Liang

{"title":"Dynamic behaviour of a large flexible net with local biofouling subjected to irregular waves","authors":"Wude Xie , Zhaoyang Jiang , Yujiao Zheng , Zhenlin Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In deep-sea aquaculture facilities, flexible nets are widely used and are easily colonized by marine organisms. Once fouled by these organisms, the flexible nets experience increased weight and greater hydrodynamic forces due to waves and currents. This paper presents a theoretical model developed to simulate the three-dimensional vibrations of a large-area flexible net subjected to irregular waves, considering three different types of local biofouling. The marine organisms are modelled as adhering to the net near the boundaries, on a rectangular ring, and within the central rectangular region, respectively. The irregular waves are described using the Jonswap spectrum. Employing the lumped-mass method, the nonlinear vibrations of the net are solved. The theoretical model is validated by comparing it with experimental results. Using the present model, the effects of different types of biofoulings on the vibrations of a flexible net under the action of irregular waves are examined. The results indicate that the distribution of dynamic tensions of net twines on the whole net is different for different regions and as the extent of biofouling increases, the dynamic tensions of net twines also increase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 104138"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and testing of the vibrating type cell-belt precision seed metering device for super hybrid rice

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104136

Chengtian Zhu, Cailing Liu, Shuaihua Hao, Yuewei Wang, Jitong Xu, Yalong Li

{"title":"Design and testing of the vibrating type cell-belt precision seed metering device for super hybrid rice","authors":"Chengtian Zhu, Cailing Liu, Shuaihua Hao, Yuewei Wang, Jitong Xu, Yalong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to meet the requirements of low volume and high precision in the seeding process of super hybrid rice, a vibrating type cell-belt precision seed metering device was designed. To optimise the seed filling performance, a vibration plate with grid was integrated into the seed box. The structural parameters of the vibration plate were designed according to the dimensions of the cell and seed. Mechanical and kinematic theoretical analyses of the seed filling process were conducted. Single factor analysis was employed and the structural parameters of the seed metering device were determined. The inclination angle of the cell-belt was 43°, and the vibration plate was installed where the difference in elevation between the lower end of the vibration plate and the bottom of the seed box was 0 mm. A Box-Behnken test was conducted to establish quadratic regression models between the factors, which included the working speed of the cell-belt, amplitude and frequency of the vibration plate, and the test indicators, which included qualified rate, multiple rate and leakage rate, then the significance analysis was carried out. The results of the multi-objective optimisation indicated that the seed filling performance was optimised when the working speed of the cell-belt was 0.088 m·s<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>, the amplitude and frequency of the vibration plate were 1.056 mm and 10.278 Hz, respectively. The qualified rate, multiple rate, and leakage rate were experimentally validated at 95.27 %, 3.92 %, and 0.81 %, which is in accordance with the requirements of super hybrid rice precision seeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"253 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelling soil water and its uniformity under linear-move sprinkler irrigation

IF 4.4 1区农林科学

Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104140

Rui Zhang , Xin Qiao , Delan Zhu , Pute Wu , Xiaomin Zhang

{"title":"Modelling soil water and its uniformity under linear-move sprinkler irrigation","authors":"Rui Zhang , Xin Qiao , Delan Zhu , Pute Wu , Xiaomin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2025.104140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crop yield is strongly affected by soil water distribution near the root zone. The redistribution of soil water in sprinkler irrigation results in higher soil water uniformity (<em>CU</em><sub><em>s</em></sub>) than irrigation uniformity (<em>CU</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>). A soil water transport model for sprinkler irrigation based on the COMSOL-2D model has been constructed and validated to investigate soil water movement and redistribution. Furthermore, the relationships between <em>CU</em><sub><em>s</em></sub>, soil hydraulic parameters, and sprinkler irrigation parameters has been analysed. The results showed that 1) the residual distributions of the vertical wetting front (<em>VWF</em>) and soil water content (<em>SWC</em>) were in the ranges of −0.04–0.05 and −0.09–0.10, respectively, with mean values close to 0 and <em>R</em><sup>2</sup> greater than 0.85, indicating that model predictions were reliable; 2) the lower <em>CU</em><sub><em>i</em></sub> was, the lower <em>CU</em><sub><em>s</em></sub>, the lower the <em>VWF</em> transport rate, and the higher the chances of deep percolation; 3) the <em>VWF</em> transport rate depended on soil texture (loam > clay loam > silty clay), but <em>CU</em><sub><em>s</em></sub> was highest for silty clay (76.43 %), medium for clay loam (67.48 %), and lowest for loam (60.36 %); 4) the wetted area and <em>VWF</em> transport distance were positively correlated with soil water at the same moment; and 5) dimensional analysis showed that <em>CU</em><sub><em>i</em></sub> had the greatest effect on <em>CU</em><sub><em>s</em></sub>, followed by saturated hydraulic conductivity and water transport time. This study provides a theoretical basis for adequate values of <em>CU</em><sub><em>i</em></sub> for optimal management of linear-move sprinkler irrigation systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 104140"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0