BioresourcesPub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.4.8312-8323
Shimin Dang, Jianxia Guo, Ze Liu, Haichao Li
{"title":"Preparation of Stellera chamaejasme L. mesoporous activated carbon by rubidium chloride chemical method","authors":"Shimin Dang, Jianxia Guo, Ze Liu, Haichao Li","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.4.8312-8323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.4.8312-8323","url":null,"abstract":"To make use of rubidium salt resources in the Qinghai Salt Lake and to valorize Stellera chamaejasme L., mesoporous activated carbon was prepared by a chemical activation method using rubidium chloride as an activator. Using methylene blue and iodine as pollutant models, the adsorption capacity of mesoporous activated carbon was determined. The specific surface area, pore structure, and surface functional groups of mesoporous activated carbon were determined using a fully automated specific surface area analyzer, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman spectrometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT- IR), and an X-ray electron spectrometer (XPS). The surface functional groups of mesoporous activated carbon were found to be mainly comprised of carbon and oxygen. The mesoporous activated carbon had a certain graphitized microcrystalline structure. The carbon yield of the mesoporous activated carbon was 13.55% ± 0.41%, the specific surface area was 877.02 m2/g, the adsorption amount of iodine, 891.35 mg/g, and the adsorption amount of methylene blue, 256.95 mg/g. The dominant pore size was 0.945 nm, the average pore size was 2.43 nm, and the pore volume was 0.26 cm3/g.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"19 4","pages":"8312-8323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147883316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioresourcesPub Date : 2024-08-29DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.4.7708-7722
Z. J. Guo, Yuxuan Fang, Zhenyu Wang
{"title":"High-strength hemicellulose-based conductive composite hydrogels reinforced by Hofmeister effect","authors":"Z. J. Guo, Yuxuan Fang, Zhenyu Wang","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.4.7708-7722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.4.7708-7722","url":null,"abstract":"Hemicellulose is a renewable and environmentally friendly biomass polysaccharide. However, because of the low polymerization degree, conventional hemicellulose-based hydrogels often have poor mechanical properties, severely restricting their potential applications. This study involved preparation of a novel high-strength conductive hemicellulose-based composite hydrogel, modulated by a Na2SO4 solution. The hydrogel matrix with a physicochemical double cross-linking structure was created by adding polyvinyl alcohol to the chemically crosslinked networks of gelatin and dialdehyde xylan (DAX) to improve the enhancing effect. After being soaked in a 1 M Na2SO4 solution for 24 h, the composite hydrogel’s network structure was thicker, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Its tensile breaking strength (3.02 MPa) and elongation (330.95%) were much higher than those prior to the treatment. Energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed that the composite hydrogel had a considerable amount of Na+ and SO42- uniformly dispersed throughout. Additionally, the ionic conductivity of the composite hydrogel was measured at 5.4 × 10-3 S/m, indicating a potential use in the field of super-capacitors.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"19 4","pages":"7708-7722"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147897330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioresourcesPub Date : 2024-08-18DOI: 10.15376/biores.20.4.8883-8898
Jing Lang
{"title":"Reinforcement of paper documents by different starch modification processes","authors":"Jing Lang","doi":"10.15376/biores.20.4.8883-8898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.20.4.8883-8898","url":null,"abstract":"Paper documents gradually deteriorate during long-term storage, accompanied by acidification and a decline in mechanical strength. To achieve both deacidification and mechanical strengthening, sodium tetraborate (Na₂B₄O₇) was used as a deacidification agent, and two starch products (enzymatically hydrolyzed starch, quaternary ammonium cationic starch) served as strengthening agents. The documents were treated either by simultaneous deacidification and reinforcement (one-step method), or deacidification followed by reinforcement (two-step method). The effects of different reinforcement treatments on the mechanical properties and pH of the paper were investigated. Accelerated aging tests (dry and wet aging tests) were conducted to evaluate the change of the mechanical performance of paper documents under optimal reinforcement conditions. Deacidification and reinforcement treatments improved the tensile index, tearing index, and folding endurance. The type of starch modification and the different deacidification and reinforcement processes influenced the mechanical strength. The surface pH values of paper documents only modified with different starches remained below 7.0. Accelerated aging tests on paper treated with different starches (both deacidified and reinforced) revealed that under high temperature and humidity conditions, the mechanical properties of paper documents deteriorated more severely. The treated paper exhibited varying degrees of relative improvement in tensile index, tearing index, and folding endurance.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"20 4","pages":"8883-8898"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147880139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Active components and skin care properties of tea seed oil from Camellia sinensis","authors":"Jianjun Guo, Jun Luo, Zhou Yi, Huanhuan Liu, Dao‐Chao Jin, Jianjun Guo","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.4.7166-7182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.4.7166-7182","url":null,"abstract":"In China, many tea seeds, the ripe seeds of the tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze), are discarded as agricultural waste. Therefore, the tea seed oil that could have been obtained from tea seeds has also been wasted. To fully understand the content and efficacy of the main active ingredients in tea seed oil (TSO), the chemical composition and activity characteristics of TSO in different areas of Guizhou, China were investigated. The results demonstrated that TSO had high content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and good skincare properties, such as anti-oxidation, anti-ultraviolet, moisturizing, whitening, and bacteriostasis. Furthermore, TSO showed a scavenging effect on reactive oxygen species in mouse fibroblasts cells (L929) and rat cardiomyocytes cells (H9C2). TSO exhibited high biocompatibility and promoted the proliferation and migration of L929. Southwest Guizhou (T4) and southern Guizhou (T6) might be used as high-quality producing areas for cosmetic oil by the weight analysis of each indicator. In summary, as the main producing area of tea in the world, this study helps to alleviate the problem of low oil self-sufficiency in China. The work offers a scientific basis for the in-depth development of TSO, especially in the field of skin care.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"19 4","pages":"7166-7182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147915016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation and properties of walnut cake-based wood adhesive with oxidation modification","authors":"Wen Gu, Yuan Qiang Tu, Shuangshuang Yuan, Danyun Yu, Guifen Yang, Feiyan Gong, Shuang Yin, Zhigang Wu, Hongyan Wang","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.3.5497-5510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.3.5497-5510","url":null,"abstract":"Walnut cake has the potential for use in preparing wood adhesives because of its richness in protein and carbohydrate. In this work, walnut cakes were treated with sodium periodate or potassium permanganate and then were directly used as wood adhesives. Their bonding properties, curing performances, thermal properties, and chemical structures were compared. The results showed that: (1) The oxidation by KMnO4was non-selective. The reaction was very intense, accompanied by the great variability of oxidation degree and degradation degree, enormous viscosity of oxidation products, high coating difficulty, and low content of active aldehyde groups. (2) The oxidation by NaIO4 was selective; the reaction was mild and easy to control. More active aldehydes could be produced and the treatment was beneficial for constructing a spatial net structure of the adhesive. (3) Compared with oxidation of KMnO4, the walnut cake adhesive prepared by NaIO4 oxidation exhibited a more compact structure, a higher crosslinking degree, low curing temperature, and high thermal stability after curing; its bonding performances met the requirements for Class II plywood specified in GB/T 17657(2013).","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"19 3","pages":"5497-5510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/BioRes_19_3_5497_Gu_TYYYGYWW_Prep_Walnut_Cake_Wood_Adhesive_Oxidation_23510.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147919682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioresourcesPub Date : 2024-06-18DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.3.5239-5261
Yuxi Zheng, Han Luo, Nianhui Ding, Yan Huang, Kai Wang, Chun Li, Chaolong Zhang, Jianguo Feng
{"title":"Skin protective effects of acid-stress sorghum fermentation by extremophile Monascus pilosus against UV-induced inflammation and photoaging","authors":"Yuxi Zheng, Han Luo, Nianhui Ding, Yan Huang, Kai Wang, Chun Li, Chaolong Zhang, Jianguo Feng","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.3.5239-5261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.3.5239-5261","url":null,"abstract":"Ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes skin damage including oxidative stress, inflammation, and photoaging. Extremophile fermentation products have been found to effectively protect the skin from UV-induced damage. This study aimed to investigate the impact of acid-induced stress on the content of bioactive compounds, as well as the anti-inflammatory and anti-photoaging properties of sorghum fermentation by the extremophilic Monascus pilosus. The study compared acid-stress fermentation (ASF) of sorghum with conventional fermentation (CF) and examined differences in total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and short-chain fatty acid levels. Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry assay, the ASF sample had lower total phenolic content compared to CF, but significantly higher levels of short-chain fatty acids. Butyric acid was the predominant metabolite in the ASF sample, followed by propionic acid. The ASF sample exhibited superior protection for UV-irradiated human keratinocytes by inhibiting apoptosis, reducing ROS, and downregulating inflammatory mediators. It also decreased metalloproteinases expression levels, increased collagen and elastin production, and mitigated UV-induced photoaging. The effects of ASF samples were evaluated in volunteers, and the results confirmed the ASF sample’s effectiveness in ameliorating UV-induced skin symptoms, including pigmentation, redness, and wrinkles. These findings conclude that acid-stress enhances the anti-inflammatory and anti-photoaging capabilities of Monascus pilosus fermented sorghum.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"19 3","pages":"5239-5261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/BioRes_19_3_5239_Zheng_LDHWLZF_Skin_Protect_Sorghum_Ferment_Extremophile_Photoaging_23532.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147887293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Upgrading paper-grade bleached hardwood pulp towards dissolving pulp using γ-valerolactone","authors":"Shanshan Liu, Yu Liu, Yingchao Wang, Yuanyuan Wang, Qiang Wang, Huili He","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.3.5096-5108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.3.5096-5108","url":null,"abstract":"γ-Valerolactone (GVL) is a promising biomass-based platform compound that can be used for the removal of hemicellulose in pulp. In this study, a paper-grade pulp was treated using GVL to generate dissolving pulp for viscose production. The GVL concentration, treatment temperature, and reaction time had significant effect on the hemicellulose dissolution. The dissolving pulp with α-cellulose content of 92.3% and hemicellulose content of 5.45% was achieved with 60% GVL at 120 °C for 2 h. The Fock reactivity and intrinsic viscosity of the obtained dissolving pulp were 54.6% and 595 mL/g, which is comparable with the commercial product. In addition, GVL spent liquor was also recycled and reused to upgrade paper-grade pulp. By using purified recycled GVL to treat original pulp, the Fock reactivity of pulp was improved, and the cellulose content of as-prepared upgraded pulp increased to 92.1%, which was close to the cellulose content of dissolving pulp obtained from fresh GVL solution, while the intrinsic viscosity decreased significantly to 598 mL/g. Therefore, the efficient reuse of GVL not only ensured the high quality of dissolving pulp, but it also saved production costs and reduced environmental pollution.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"19 3","pages":"5096-5108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/BioRes_19_3_5096_Liu_LWWWH_Upgrad_Bleached_HW_Pulp_Dissolv_Pulp_Valerolactone_23199.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147917774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioresourcesPub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.1136-1149
Juliane da Silva Sampaio, F. W. C. Andrade, V. Moutinho, Manoel Roberval Pimentel Santos, Jessica Sabrina da Silva Ferreira
{"title":"Crystallinity and chemical structure of Amazon wood species in a log yard after natural degradation","authors":"Juliane da Silva Sampaio, F. W. C. Andrade, V. Moutinho, Manoel Roberval Pimentel Santos, Jessica Sabrina da Silva Ferreira","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.1136-1149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.1136-1149","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to evaluate whether the chemical composition of wood and its crystallinity can help in the analysis of degradation by fungi and insects in logs of Amazonian wood species stored in a stockyard. For this study, wood from five commercial species that had been stored in an open yard for six months was used. The scale of degradation by fungi and insects, the moisture content of the logs, the total extractive content, lignin, holocellulose and the crystallinity were evaluated. It was concluded that the position of the logs in the stacks, associated with the storage time, influenced the evaluated characteristics. It was also observed that X-ray diffraction has potential for analysis of the degradation by fungi and insects in logs of Amazonian species stored in the stockyard.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"6 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138995032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioresourcesPub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.1150-1164
M. M. Smith, M. Zambrano, Mary A. Ankeny, J. Daystar, Steven Pires, J. Pawlak, R. Venditti
{"title":"Aquatic aerobic biodegradation of commonly flushed materials in aerobic wastewater treatment plant solids","authors":"M. M. Smith, M. Zambrano, Mary A. Ankeny, J. Daystar, Steven Pires, J. Pawlak, R. Venditti","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.1150-1164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.1150-1164","url":null,"abstract":"Microfibers and microplastics originating from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents are significant pollutants in freshwater sources and marine environments. This research investigated the biodegradation of cotton microfibers generated from bleached cotton jersey knit fabric and commercially available flushable wipes, polypropylene-based (PP) nonwoven wipes containing a cellulose component, and tissue paper. Biodegradation was tested in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) solids, seawater, and lakewater according to the ISO 14852 and ASTM D6691 standard methods in an ECHO respirometer. Degradation experiments continued until a plateau in CO2 emissions was reached, and the final biodegradation extent was calculated relative to the theoretical CO2 produced based on elemental analysis. The results showed that the cotton and other cellulosic materials/components biodegrade to a great extent, as expected for all conditions, whereas the PP did not degrade. In general, for the cellulose polypropylene composite wipes, the cellulose biodegraded readily; the presence of the PP did not hinder the cellulose biodegradation.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"12 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138995378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioresourcesPub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.1119-1135
Parthasarathy Chandramohan, K. MAYANDI, Karthikeyan Subramanian, R. Nagarajan, Farid F. Muhammed, H. Al-Lohedan, Kumar Krishnan
{"title":"Mechanical and thermo-mechanical behaviors of snake grass fiber-reinforced epoxy composite","authors":"Parthasarathy Chandramohan, K. MAYANDI, Karthikeyan Subramanian, R. Nagarajan, Farid F. Muhammed, H. Al-Lohedan, Kumar Krishnan","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.1119-1135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.1119-1135","url":null,"abstract":"Snake grass fiber was used as a supporting material in an epoxy matrix. The goal was to develop a lightweight structural material. To enhance the interfacial bonding between the snake grass (Sansevieria ehrenbergii) fiber and polymer matrices, the fiber underwent chemical treatment with NaOH. Samples were prepared with both neat and treated fibers mixed with epoxy at various volume percentages. The mechanical properties of snake grass fiber exhibited improvement with increasing fiber length and fixation, reaching optimal values at 20 mm length and 20% v/v fixation. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) demonstrated superior energy absorption by the composite up to 140 °C, irrespective of repetition. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated rapid degradation of untreated fiber with a residue level of 0.2%, while the snake grass composite (25% v/v) exhibited stable residue content at 11%. Microscopic evaluation using a scanning electron microscope provided insights into the morphology of the fiber surface.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"74 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139174734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}