{"title":"A preliminary study on the antioxidant activity of Lycium ruthenicum polysaccharides in vitro/in vivo and its protective mechanism on oxidized damaged cells","authors":"Jianhui Li, Ruoyu Wu, Lie Liu, Yujiao Li, Lihua Ding, Hongping Li, Fei Yu","doi":"10.15376/biores.21.2.4720-4730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.21.2.4720-4730","url":null,"abstract":"Lycium ruthenicum polysaccharides (LRP) are known to possess antioxidant effects. However, a systematic evaluation across chemical, cellular, and in vivo models have been lacking. The underlying metabolomic mechanisms also remain unexplored. This study systematically evaluated the antioxidant effects of LRP through in vitro assays, H₂O₂-induced AML12 hepatocytes, and liver tissue from mice, supplemented by untargeted metabolomic analysis of cell extracts to explore LRP’s antioxidant mechanisms. Results showed that LRP possessed significant oxygen radical absorbance capacity and potent scavenging activity against ABTS•+, DPPH•, and •OH radicals in vitro. In AML12 cells, LRP increased activities of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione reductase (GSH-Px), while effectively reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (P<0.05). In mouse liver tissues, LRP may have slightly improved SOD and CAT levels while decreasing MDA levels (P>0.05). Furthermore, untargeted metabolomics revealed that LRP attenuated oxidative damage by modulating metabolic pathways, particularly glutathione metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and amino acid metabolism. These findings confirm the significant antioxidant potential of LRP, supporting its promise as a functional food ingredient.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"21 2","pages":"4720-4730"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148305554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of treatments on the structure of Camellia oleifera cake protein and the properties of adhesives","authors":"Jiankun Liang, Feiyan Gong, Lingying Wu, Yuanyuan Dong, Xueyuan Deng, Lan Li, Xin He, Haiyuan Yang, Yu He, Yuqi Yang, Hui Yang, Zhigang Wu","doi":"10.15376/biores.21.1.128-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.21.1.128-142","url":null,"abstract":"Although the preparation of wood adhesives from protein in oilcake has significant advantages in terms of environmental protection and cost control, it still faces many challenges that need to be addressed in practical applications. This study used Camellia oleifera cake protein extracted from C. oleifera seeds as raw material to prepare adhesives through thermal, alkaline, acidic, and enzymatic treatments, which were then applied in the production of plywood. The results showed that thermal treatment increased the viscosity of the protein adhesive and improved the bonding strength to 1.12 MPa. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated partial transformation of the secondary structure of protein molecules, while differential scanning calorimetric analysis showed an increase in curing temperature. Alkaline treatment slightly reduced the viscosity but achieved a bonding strength of 1.14 MPa, disrupting some of the crystalline structures of the protein and lowering the curing temperature. Acidic treatment greatly reduced the viscosity but resulted in the highest bonding strength of 1.36 MPa, partially hydrolyzing peptide bonds and reducing both the curing temperature and crystallinity. Enzymatic treatment decreased the viscosity of the protein adhesive but lowered the bonding strength to 0.82 MPa, with extensive hydrolysis of peptide bonds. Different treatment methods altered the rheological properties and bonding properties of the adhesives by affecting the molecular structure, aggregation state, and chemical reactivity of C. oleifera protein.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"21 1","pages":"128-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147879835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mango kernel-derived porous carbon confines nano-NiO as an efficient bifunctional electrode for supercapacitors","authors":"Bing Wang, Suping Li, Liansheng Cui, Shuai Wang, Xuan Zhang, Yonggang Li, Ziao Zong","doi":"10.15376/biores.20.4.11056-11065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.20.4.11056-11065","url":null,"abstract":"In order to develop high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials, a two-step method of hydrothermal in-situ synthesis and high-temperature activated pore creation was used to realize the highly dispersed loading of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO) on mango kernel-based activated carbon (AC) with a high specific surface area for the preparation of NiO/AC composites. Electrochemical tests showed that the NiO/AC achieved a specific capacitance of 226.5 F g-1 at a current density of 0.2 A g-1, demonstrating excellent multiplicative performance and cycling stability (95.8% capacitance retention after 10,000 charge/discharge cycles). This performance stems from the stabilized multilayered pore structure that reduces the particle size of NiO and builds fast ion/electron transport channels to realize the dual advantages of double layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance. The present synthesis strategy is universal (compatible with multifunctional porous carbon precursors and metal oxides) and can provide new ideas for the design of high-performance supercapacitor electrodes.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"20 4","pages":"11056-11065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147919009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morphological Remodeling and Performance of Cured Tannin-Sucrose Adhesive Layer: Enhancement by Catalyst","authors":"Jiankun Liang, Guifen Yang, Mangtong Zhang, Lan Li, Xin He, Haiyuan Yang, Yuqi Yang, Yu He, Hui Yang, Zhigang Wu","doi":"10.15376/biores.20.4.10605-10617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.20.4.10605-10617","url":null,"abstract":"New adhesives were developed using sustainable bayberry tannin and sucrose as raw materials. Through introducing three catalysts—citric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and phytic acid—a comprehensive analysis of their differential impact mechanisms on catalyzing sucrose conversion, promoting cross-linking reactions, and shaping the microstructure of the adhesive was conducted. The results showed that under the phytic acid catalytic system, the yield of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) reached 17.5 μg/mL, which was higher than that of p-toluenesulfonic acid (14.1 μg/mL) and citric acid (12.9 μg/mL). The introduction of catalysts led to a stepwise improvement in the mechanical properties of the adhesive. The adhesive catalyzed by phytic acid exhibited excellent bonding strength and water resistance, reflecting its advantage in promoting deep cross-linking between 5-HMF and tannin. Scanning electron microscopy results intuitively demonstrated the reshaping of the adhesive layer morphology by the catalysts, evolving from the loose and porous structure of the blank group to a dense, wrinkled morphology after the action of the catalysts. The results of thermogravimetric analysis further quantified the enhancement effect of the catalysts on the thermal stability of the network structure, with the three-dimensional network structure built by the phytic acid system exhibiting superior thermal protection capabilities.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"20 4","pages":"10605-10617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147883678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioresourcesPub Date : 2025-10-22DOI: 10.15376/biores.20.4.10568-10579
Yujiao Li, Yameng Wang, Xinyue Xu, Lihua Ding, Lie Liu
{"title":"Characterization of polysaccharides from Lycium ruthenicum Murray and its regulatory effect on the intestinal flora of T2DM mice","authors":"Yujiao Li, Yameng Wang, Xinyue Xu, Lihua Ding, Lie Liu","doi":"10.15376/biores.20.4.10568-10579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.20.4.10568-10579","url":null,"abstract":"Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP), primary active components in the fruits of Lycium barbarum Murray, are effective bioactive compounds in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Microbiota, as the second genome, has been reported to be involved in the development of T2DM. Therefore, mechanisms of regulating the gut microbiota also involve its intestinal metabolites that might exist. This study examined the hypoglycemic effect and improvement of gut microbiota of LBP on T2DM mice for further investigation of potential mechanisms. Compared with the DM group, the LBP could not only increase the production of short chain fatty acids, especially the content of acetic acid, but also the community richness and diversity of the gut microbiota. In addition, the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes was improved in the LBP group compared with the DM group, accompanied with decreased relative abundances of Verrucomicrobia and Actinobacteria at the phylum level. Additionally, at the family level, the relative abundances of Lactobacillales and Bifidobacteriales in the DM group sharply increased and was significantly reduced in the LBP group. These effects may be attributed to its monosaccharides components (arabinose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid), suggesting LBP as a potential T2DM intervention via gut microbiota regulation.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"20 4","pages":"10568-10579"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147913917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of flame retardant system for waste Tetra Pak/bamboo fiber composites with inorganic flame retardants","authors":"Huijie Zhang, Hui Guo, Yufei Cai, Hui Li, Dezhi Zhou, Binqing Sun, Lili Yu","doi":"10.15376/biores.20.4.10228-10248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.20.4.10228-10248","url":null,"abstract":"Tetra Pak (TP)/bamboo fiber (BF) composites were prepared using waste TP and bamboo fiber as the main raw materials. Twelve inorganic flame retardant systems were used to modify the flame retardancy of TP/BF composites. Specimens were evaluated with the limiting oxygen index test, water absorption test, dry shrinkage and wet expansion test, mechanical property test, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the composite flame retardant systems outperformed the single flame retardant system, with the limiting oxygen index reaching up to 37.6%. Retardant addition lowered the modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus or rupture (MOR), and internal bond (IB) and impaired dimensional stability, the extent varying with type and dosage. Among them, the TP/BF composites modified by systems Z3, Z8, Z9, and Z12 satisfied GB/T 11718-2021requirements for ordinary, furniture, and building medium-density fiberboards. FTIR showed the presence of chemical bonds of various functional groups that would be consistent with the development of adhesion within the composite.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"20 4","pages":"10228-10248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147911413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioresourcesPub Date : 2025-09-08DOI: 10.15376/biores.20.4.9477-9492
Hongxia Gao, Zhenyu Cai, Y. Sun, Zihao Wan, Chi Xu, Canwen Yang, Xu Yang
{"title":"Distillers’ grains used as a filler in recycled containerboard","authors":"Hongxia Gao, Zhenyu Cai, Y. Sun, Zihao Wan, Chi Xu, Canwen Yang, Xu Yang","doi":"10.15376/biores.20.4.9477-9492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.20.4.9477-9492","url":null,"abstract":"Distillers’ grain (DG) was used as an ingredient in paperboard made in the laboratory from recycled containerboard fibers. The chemical composition and physico-chemical properties of DG fractions that had been isolated using varied screens were investigated. The effect of DG incorporation on the properties of the recycled paperboard was compared relative what was obtained with either precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) or talc powder as fillers. The DG was found to mainly contain cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protein, and fat. At a filler addition level of 5%, the 100- to 140-mesh DG-filled handsheet exhibited the most satisfactory physical properties, with a tensile index of 25.4 N·m·g-1 and a ring crush index of 7.95 N·m·g-1. The strength values were generally higher than those of paper filled by PCC or talc powder at the same addition levels. The tensile index and ring crush index of hybrid-filled handsheets increased with increasing ratios of DG. The results suggest that DG can be used as a substitute for fiber content in some grades of paperboard, especially where a low-cost, bulky material could provide an advantage. Such usage of DG can resolve environmental challenges associated with storage and transportation of excess DG that is presently discarded.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"20 4","pages":"9477-9492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/BioRes_20_4_9477_Gao_CSWXYX_Research_Distiller_Grain_Filler_Corrugated_Paper_24965.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147909973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioresourcesPub Date : 2025-08-27DOI: 10.15376/biores.20.4.9063-9078
Yanjun Bai, Feng Liu, Yifan Zhang, Lei Wu, Haihu Liu, Yan Ba
{"title":"Fabrication of poly(lactic acid) microspheres with various micro-structure by microfluidic T-junction and gelatin pore-forming agent","authors":"Yanjun Bai, Feng Liu, Yifan Zhang, Lei Wu, Haihu Liu, Yan Ba","doi":"10.15376/biores.20.4.9063-9078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.20.4.9063-9078","url":null,"abstract":"Microporous-structured Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) spheres were fabricated using a microfluidic shearing method. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) solution is used as the continuous phase, and an emulsion containing matrix materials (PLLA), stabilizer (polysorbate 80) and pore-forming agents (gelatin) dissolved in dichloromethane (DCM) were emulsified to be dispersed phase for the generation of droplets, which were eventually transformed into microspheres. An ice water bath environment was shown to be necessary to produce stable microspheres. In addition, it was found that the mechanical stirring emulsification method was more conducive to microstructure construction than the ultrasonic emulsification. By regulating the amount of pore-forming agent (2.5 wt%, 5 wt%, and 7.5 wt% gelatin), three types of micro pores (small: 2.9±0.8 µm, middle: 46.9±14.9 µm, and large: 127.3±55.3 µm) on surface with different inner structure were obtained. Finally, it was demonstrated that the proposed method is general enough to prepare various other polymer microspheres such as PNAGA (Poly-N-acryloyl glycinamide) and PCL (Polycaprolactone).","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"20 4","pages":"9063-9078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BioRes_20_4_9063_Bai_LZWLB_PLA_Microsphere_Gelatin_Pore_Forming_24669.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147890395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioresourcesPub Date : 2025-08-15DOI: 10.15376/biores.20.4.8791-8810
Hua Chen, Zhen Wang, Bo Jiang, Mingfang Liu, Huanghuang Chen, Bifeng Luo, Wenxiang Hong
{"title":"One-step alkaline-hydrogen peroxide degumming of hemp fiber: Optimization for enhanced processability and eco-efficiency","authors":"Hua Chen, Zhen Wang, Bo Jiang, Mingfang Liu, Huanghuang Chen, Bifeng Luo, Wenxiang Hong","doi":"10.15376/biores.20.4.8791-8810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.20.4.8791-8810","url":null,"abstract":"Hemp fiber, as a renewable bio-based material, holds significant potential in the textile and paper industries. To unlock this potential, a critical step involves purification of the fibers. However, conventional degumming methods suffer from high energy consumption, severe fiber damage, and environmental pollution. This study evaluated a proposed one-step alkaline-hydrogen peroxide degumming process under mild conditions to achieve high-value utilization of hemp crops. Orthogonal experiments were conducted to optimize reaction conditions, including temperature, time, and liquid-to-solid ratio. Results showed that under optimal conditions (80°C, 4 h, 10:1 liquid-to-solid ratio), the residual gum content was 7.68% and fiber crystallinity increased by 8.33%. Additionally, the proportion of short fibers increased while coarse fibers decreased, yielding paper with a tensile index of 190 N/m and a whiteness of 70.3%. This low-temperature degumming process effectively removed gums while minimizing fiber damage, offering an eco-friendly and industrially viable solution for hemp fiber applications.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"20 4","pages":"8791-8810"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147903033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modification of cellulosic dietary fiber and comparison of its physicochemical and functional properties","authors":"Hanwen Yin, Hongyan Xu, Qingwen Wang, Daqian Wang, Jiayin Wei, Qianhe Sun, Hongxiao Chen","doi":"10.15376/biores.20.3.7809-7828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.20.3.7809-7828","url":null,"abstract":"Sporisorium reilianum is an emerging fungal resource rich in dietary fiber (DF), but conventional extraction yields suboptimal functionality. Using Sporisorium reilianum as raw material, the extraction process of modified dietary fiber (DF) was optimized through response surface methodology by adjusting the compound enzyme concentration, enzymatic hydrolysis time, material-to-liquid ratio, pH, and temperature. The optimal modification conditions for xylanase were a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:14.8 (g/mL), enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 63 ℃, and pH of 6.24, with an average yield of modified soluble DF (S-SDF) of 15.1%. The swelling power, water-holding capacity, and oil-holding capacity of S-SDF were significantly higher than those of unmodified SDF. The overall adsorption capacities for cholesterol and sodium cholate of S-SDF and modified insoluble DF (S-IDF) were higher than those of unmodified IDF and SDF. The glucose adsorption capacity followed the order: S-IDF > IDF > S-SDF > SDF, and it exhibited dose-dependence. The modified DF still retained crystallinity having the same crystalline form. The monosaccharides remained predominantly composed of glucose. The modified DF showed superior adsorption capacities, enabling applications in cholesterol-lowering foods and gut health products.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"20 3","pages":"7809-7828"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147878061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}