International journal of ophthalmology and clinical research最新文献

{"title":"Failure to Complete Induction in Anti-VEGF Therapy for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration","authors":"H. Joel, S ComaneshterDoron, V. Shlomo","doi":"10.23937/2378-346X/1410101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-346X/1410101","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the proportion and characteristics of patients diagnosed with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) who do not complete the loading dose of bevacizumab, given as first line agent. Methods: Using the electronic medical records of all patients affiliated to the largest health maintenance organization in Israel who received intravitreal injections of bevacizumab between September 2008 and October 2014, we isolated patients aged of 60 years or more treated for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. We considered patients with less than three injections and those having completed the initial course within 100 days as two separate groups. We then compared patients living at the end of follow-up in terms of demographics and baseline conditions. Results: 22.3% of all patients started with bevacizumab did not fulfill the loading dose within 100 days. Mortality was higher in patients not achieving induction (32.5% vs. 20.2%, OR = 2.39, CI: 2.04 2.80, p < 0.001). When considering patients living at the end of the follow-up, 13.7% did not receive the loading dose. We found a larger proportion of rural residents in patients who failed induction than in those who received three injections or more (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.23 1.92, p < 0.001). Patients, living at the end of follow-up, who failed to complete the loading dose were relatively younger than patients with three or more injections (79.6 vs. 80.7 vs. years, p < 0.001). No other demographic variable and no specific medical condition was found to be associated with failure to complete induction. Conclusions: In this nationwide retrospective study, we report that a large number of patients do not comply with treatment guidelines. Since the area of residence was identified as the main risk factor for failing to receive the loading dose, we think distance to anti-VEGF delivering facilities should be seriously taken into account when defining global policies relating to retinal care.","PeriodicalId":91712,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42606517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Vision Aid for a Patient with the Optic Neuropathy Due to Neuro-Brucellosis","authors":"Adibelli Fatih M, A. Deniz","doi":"10.23937/2378-346X/1410096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-346X/1410096","url":null,"abstract":"Brucellosis is a multisystem infectious disease, which still endemic in Middle East, Mediterranean and South America. Bilateral optic neuritis secondary to the meningeal inflammation is very rare complication of brucellosis. Here we present a 13-year-old male patient with the ocular brucellosis who has optic neuropathy, concluded his treatment and low vision aid for the visual impairment.","PeriodicalId":91712,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41894958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Efficacy of Subthreshold Laser Photocoagulation using a Conventional Pattern Scan Laser for Macular Edema in a Retrospective Study","authors":"S. Tomoyasu, Kato Satoshi, Araki Fumiyuki","doi":"10.23937/2378-346x/1410090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-346x/1410090","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Subthreshold laser photocoagulation has emerged and is changing minimally invasive treatment for macular edema (ME) affected by retinal vascular diseases. However, this laser method requires specific photocoagulator, and it cannot be introduced at each facility. We investigated the efficacy of subthreshold laser photocoagulation using a conventional pattern scan laser (PS-STLT) in treating ME in clinical practice. Methods: We assessed the effects of PS-STLT treatment in 24 eyes of 24 patients with ME. Seventeen patients had diabetic retinopathy, five had branch retinal vein occlusion, and two had central retinal vein occlusion. All patients underwent PS-STLT treatment between December 2015 and May 2017. The average postoperative observation period was 5.5 ± 3.4 months. We evaluated the following parameters before the PS-STLT procedure and at one, two, and three months postoperative: best-corrected visual acuity using logMAR scores, center macular thickness (CMT), and total macular volume (TMV) as determined by optical coherence tomography (OCT). We fixed the 577-nm laser beam of a scanning laser photocoagulator at an area 100 μm in diameter, 20 ms, and selected a 2 × 2 grid scan pattern using an Area Centralis® lens. The initial laser power of the PS-STLT was 100 mW, and the laser was focused on a specific area of the ME identified by OCT. If spot lesions were visible on ophthalmoscopic examination, the laser power was decreased by 10 mW to avoid scarring. Results: The laser power was 76.7 ± 18.1 (50-100) mW and the total laser shots were 374.4 ± 243.9. The preoperative logMAR scores and TMV were 0.26 ± 0.32 and 9.7 ± 1.6 mm3, respectively. They were 0.28 ± 0.29 and 9.6 ± 3.1 mm3, at one month postoperative, 0.25 ± 0.32 and 9.6 ± 2.6 mm3, at two months, and 0.25 ± 0.31 and 9.3 ± 1.7 mm3 at three months. A significant reduction in TMV was observed at three months postoperative (P < 0.01), and the CMT had decreased by ≥ 20% in 10 of 24 eyes (41.7%) three months after PS-STLT treatment. Conclusion: These findings suggest that PS-STLT using a general pattern scan laser for the treatment of ME is effective.","PeriodicalId":91712,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45134854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual Laser Blepharoplasty Complications: Sight and Life-Threatening!","authors":"N. Nazrin, Wah Lott Pooi","doi":"10.23937/2378-346X/1410089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-346X/1410089","url":null,"abstract":"Citation: Nordin N, Wah LP (2018) Unusual Laser Blepharoplasty Complications: Sight and Life-Threatening!. Int J Ophthalmol Clin Res 5:089. doi.org/10.23937/2378-346X/1410089 Accepted: August 09, 2018: Published: August 11, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 Nordin N, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. ISSN: 2378-346X","PeriodicalId":91712,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43082017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron-Overload, Oxidative DNA Damage and Differential Transcript Expression of Iron Homeostasis Genes in Human Cortical Cataracts","authors":"Rajkumar Sankaranarayanan, Iladevi Cataract Biochemistry, V. Gopinathan, Ganatra Darshini Ankit, Vasavada Abhay Raghukant","doi":"10.23937/2378-346X/1410091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-346X/1410091","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the level of iron, its role in oxidative damage and to profile and measure the level of transcript expression of genes responsible for iron homeostasis in lenses of human cataracts. Materials and methods: Human whole lenses (WLs) were obtained from donors’ eyes (n = 33) within 8 hours of death. A total of 167 (control, n = 35 and cataract, n = 132) anterior central capsules (ACC) harboring lens epithelial cells (LECs) and lens aspirate containing LECs, primary and secondary lens fiber cells (LFCs) were collected postoperatively. Control samples were obtained mainly from patients suffered from lenticular trauma or subjected for myopic corrections. Lenticular total iron was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Comet assay using lens epithelial cells was performed to determine the oxidative DNA damages. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to profile and determine the level of transcript expression of genes of iron homeostasis in lenses. An in vitro culture model using fetal human lens epithelial cell line (FHL124) was used to validate the effect of iron on oxidative DNA damage and expression of iron homeostasis genes. Results: Cortical cataract (CC) had significantly higher levels of iron (58.89 ± 20.56 μg/g dry tissue weight, p = 0.00) than control lenses (17.82 ± 5.29 μg/g dry tissue weight) and revealed a significant increase in tail length (μ) (79.59 ± 21.31 vs. control, 66.56 ± 15.68; p = 0.005) and olive moment (29.69 ± 10.31 vs. control, 26.97 ± 8.12, p = 0.018) by Comet assay in LECs. Fetal human lens epithelial cell line (FHL124) treated with 500 μM (concentration equivalent to lenticular iron level in CC) of ferric chloride (FeCl3), revealed a significant increase in tail length (μ) (80.71 ± 8.63 vs. control, 62.55 ± 6.63; p = 0.01), tail DNA (%) (44.01 ± 18.02 vs. control 27.39 ± 5.14; p = 0.05), tail moment (36.87 ± 17.33 vs. control, 18.1 ± 3.41; p = 0.02) and olive moment (27.41 ± 6.72 vs. control, 18.88 ± 2.86; p = 0.02) suggestive of substantial DNA damage. QRT-PCR analysis displayed elevated level of iron responsive element (IRE) containing DMT1 (IRE-DMT1, 1.99 ± 0.34 fold change to control, p = 0.046) and diminished level of FTH (0.13 ± 0.02-fold change to control; p = 0.01) in lenses of CC. However, in vitro model, though displayed a conflicting data as compare to human samples, exhibited a conventional coordinated regulation of iron within the system. Conclusion: In conclusion, differential transcript expression of genes responsible for iron uptake (IRE-DMT1) and storage (FTH) might lead to an increase in iron over-load in human lenses. Iron-over load could potentially accelerate the cascade of mechanisms leading to oxidative damage, as evident by increased level of DNA damage in cortical cataract and also in FHL124 cells treated with FeCl3.","PeriodicalId":91712,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42943403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thorough Perioperative Laser Photocoagulation in Prevention of Neovascular Glaucoma after Vitrectomy for Diabetic Macular Edema","authors":"Aoyama-Araki Yuka, Araki Fumiyuki, S. Tomoyasu, Kato Satoshi","doi":"10.23937/2378-346x/1410093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-346x/1410093","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a severe complication that may follow pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for diabetic macular edema (DME). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of perioperative fluorescein angiography (FA) and targeted photocoagulation of the non-perfused area (NPA) in preventing the occurrence of postoperative NVG. Methods: This retrospective, interventional case series study. Vitrectomy for DME was performed by a single surgeon between October 2002 and December 2017. In patients with severe cataracts, FA was performed again after simultaneous phacoemulsification surgery and vitrectomy. When an NPA was detected on FA, targeted photocoagulation was performed on the involved area. Results: Subjects were 52 patients (56 eyes) who received PPV for DME. Fifty-three eyes had non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, while three had proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The mean postoperative follow-up period was 38.7 ± 25.2 months. A total of 47 eyes (83.9%) eventually underwent pan-retinal photocoagulation. None of the cases developed NVG nor were any other postoperative complications observed. Conclusions: The current study suggests that perioperative FA and adequate retinal PC for NPA are important strategies for preventing post-operative NVG.","PeriodicalId":91712,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46236139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant Sebaceous Cell Carcinoma of Upper Eyelid - Case Report","authors":"Patel Santosh Singh, Malhotra Reshu, Garg Ml, chandrakar Ak, Kalway Dhanshree","doi":"10.23937/2378-346X/1410092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-346X/1410092","url":null,"abstract":"An eighty-year-old patient presented with right upper eyelid mass. Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) showed large heterogeneously enhancing exophytic soft tissue density mass lesion with few hyperdense foci noted involving skin and subcutaneous tissue. An excisional biopsy was performed. A diagnosis of sebaceous cell carcinoma was confirmed on histopathology. ceous gland carcinoma is an aggressive tumor causing metastasis related mortality in 3-41% [3-10]. Early diagnosis and consequent surgical therapy leads to a better outcome and higher survival rates than generally assumed [4]. In this study we discuss key elements of primary disease and modalities to treat such a condition. Case Report An eighty-year-old male presented to us with mass right eye upper lid for past 2 years. The mass was green pea sized to begin with gradually increased in size over past 2 years to the present size. On ocular examination no light perception was present. A right upper eyelid swelling of 50 mm × 57 mm involving lid margin with ulceration with areas of necrosis and bleeding points","PeriodicalId":91712,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45871968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Initial Visual Acuity on Visual Prognosis in Low Vision Aid and Rehabilitation Cases","authors":"A. Deniz, Adibelli Fatih Mehmet","doi":"10.23937/2378-346X/1410087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-346X/1410087","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To analyze the initial visual acuities of cases referred to our clinic due to low vision and the effect on visual prognosis. Materials and methods: A retrospective evaluation was carried out on 869 eyes of 464 patients who were referred to our center due to low vision between December 2010 and May 2015. Distance acuities of the patients were measured with a distant vision chart prepared for patients with low vision, and the near acuities were measured with a Jaeger near vision chart. Patients with logMAR ≥ 0.5 [snellen ≤ 20/63] visual acuity were included in the study. Cases were separated into 4 groups according to initial distant acuity and 3 groups according to the initial near acuity values. In the statistical analysis, a value of p < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results: The mean distant acuity of the cases was found to be 0.13 ± 0.11 (Snellen) (mean logMAR 0.9) and 0.55 ± 0.29 (Snellen) (mean logMAR 0.3) respectively before and after the low vision aid (LVA) examination. The mean near acuity of the cases was J 13.93 ± 4.21 (mean logMAR 0.8) and J 7.76 ± 4.51 (mean logMAR 0.4) respectively before and after the LVA. Initial distant visual acuity was logMAR > 1.3 [Snellen < 20/400] in 14%, logMAR 1.3-1.0 [snellen 20/400-20/200] in 48%, logMAR 0.7-1.0 [snellen 20/200-20/100] in 22% and logMAR < 0.7 [> snellen 20/100] in 16% of the cases. In total, it was seen that the visual acuity of 62% of the cases was at the level of “legally blind” (logMAR ≥ 1.0) [snellen ≤ 20/200]. The distant and near visual acuities before LVA were determined as the factors that had the greatest effect on the improvement of distant and near acuities of the patients. Conclusion: The visual acuity at the time of application is the primary factor affecting LVA success. In this study, the visual acuity of the cases referred to our center for LVA was evaluated as quite low, sufficient time could not be allocated to cases due to intense polyclinic conditions and patients were referred late. With earlier referral, it would be possible to enable patients to remain more self-sufficient.","PeriodicalId":91712,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41984034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Topical Moxifloxacin on the Bacterial Flora of the Ocular Surface following Cataract Surgery: A Randomized, Single-Masked Clinical Trial","authors":"Mendoza-Schuster Erick, Cervantes-Coste Guadalupe, Vanzzini Virginia, Velasco-BaronaD Cecilio","doi":"10.23937/2378-346x/1410088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-346x/1410088","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the efficacy of topical 0.5% moxifloxacin ophthalmic solution in reducing conjunctival flora when administered for 3 days versus 1 hour prior to surgery. Methods: This was a randomized, single-masked, comparative, longitudinal, single-center study. Sixty eyes of 60 patients scheduled for cataract surgery were randomized to receive either 1 drop of moxifloxacin 4 times daily for 3 days prior to surgery or 1 drop every 15 minutes for 1 hour prior to surgery. The non-surgical eye of each patient served as the no-treatment control. Conjunctival cultures were obtained from both eyes at baseline (t0) and 1 hour after the last dose of treatment (t1). Results: There was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.54) in the percent of culture-positive eyes between the 3-day and 1-hour groups at baseline; however, the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.035) in favor of the 3-day group at t1. The mean number of colony forming units (CFU) was significantly lower at t1 compared to t0 in the 3-day group (p = 0.04), but not in the 1-hour group (p = 0.73). At t1, eyes in the 3-day group showed statistically significant reduction in the percent of culture-positive eyes (p = 0.019) and the mean number of CFU (p = 0.002) for S. epidermidis; the most frequently isolated organism from swab samples at t0 and t1. No treatment-related adverse events were reported. Conclusion: The 3-day prophylactic regimen with 0.5% moxifloxacin ophthalmic solution resulted in statistically significantly fewer positive conjunctival cultures and fewer CFU than the 1-hour regimen, suggesting 3-day regimen would prevent postoperative endophthalmitis.","PeriodicalId":91712,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44591602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Visual Effects Associated with Head-Mounted Displays","authors":"Y. Jing, Mansouri Behzad, H PetteyJeff, Ahmed Sarah Farukhi, Khaderi S Khizer","doi":"10.23937/2378-346X/1410085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-346X/1410085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91712,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology and clinical research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46900584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}