Brain connectivity最新文献

{"title":"Brain Mechanisms Explaining Postural Imbalance in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Zaeem Hadi, Mohammad Mahmud, Barry M Seemungal","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0064","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Persisting imbalance and falls in community-dwelling traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors are linked to reduced long-term survival. However, a detailed understanding of the impact of TBI upon the brain mechanisms mediating imbalance is lacking. To understand the state of the art concerning the brain mechanisms mediating imbalance in TBI, we performed a systematic review of the literature. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched and peer-reviewed research articles in humans, with any severity of TBI (mild, moderate, severe, or concussion), which linked a postural balance assessment (objective or subjective) with brain imaging (through computed tomography, T1-weighted imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging [fMRI], resting-state fMRI, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, single-photon emission computed tomography, electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, near-infrared spectroscopy, and evoked potentials) were included. Out of 1940 articles, 60 were retrieved and screened, and 25 articles fulfilling inclusion criteria were included. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The most consistent finding was the link between imbalance and the cerebellum; however, the regions within the cerebellum were inconsistent. <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> The lack of consistent findings could reflect that imbalance in TBI is due to a widespread brain network dysfunction, as opposed to focal cortical damage. The inconsistency in the reported findings may also be attributed to heterogeneity of methodology, including data analytical techniques, small sample sizes, and choice of control groups. Future studies should include a detailed clinical phenotyping of vestibular function in TBI patients to account for the confounding effect of peripheral vestibular disorders on imbalance and brain imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"144-177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139721565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroencephalogram-Based Metastability in Mild Cognitive Impairment Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Surya Das, Subha D Puthankattil","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0041","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> In this study, we analyze metastability, a feature of brain dynamics in subjects experiencing mild cognitive impairment Alzheimer's disease (MCI-AD) under eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) conditions. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a critically prolonged brain disorder that interrupts neural synchronization and desynchronization. Thus, studying metastability under EO and EC conditions would help in understanding the cortical dynamics and its impact in early-stage AD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Metastability is investigated using three methods namely frequency variance analysis, Kuramoto order parameter, and through meta-state activation patterns. Frequency variance estimated from 21 electroencephalogram (EEG) channels was clustered into three regions namely anterior, central, and posterior to study the regional metastability analysis. Global metastability was assessed from Kuramoto order parameter and meta-state activation patterns by collating the 21 EEG channels. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Reduction in metastability was observed in central regions of MCI-AD subjects through the study of frequency variance analysis. There was a marked reduction in global metastability in the patient group under the resting EO condition. Reduction in meta-state activation properties such as temporal activation sequence complexity, modularity, and leap size in MCI-AD condition under the EO condition indicates an overall reduction in brain flexibility. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Taken together, the study infers an underlying structural change in neuronal dynamics influencing the reduction of metastability under the MCI-AD condition. The study further revealed that this reduction in metastability is more pronounced in the EO condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"198-207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71420699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced White Matter Fiber Density in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.","authors":"Zeinab Gharaylou, Fatemeh Shahbodaghy, Pirhossein Kolivand, Maryam Kolivand, Fatemeh Azizzadeh, Masoumeh Rostampour","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0068","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Improved understanding of multiple sclerosis (MS) symptomatology, disease mechanisms, and clinical effectiveness can be achieved by investigating microstructural damage. The aim was to gain deeper insights into changes in white matter (WM) tracts in MS patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging-based tractography was utilized to segment WM tracts into regions of interest for further quantitative analysis. However, tractography is susceptible to false-positive findings, reducing its specificity and clinical feasibility. To address these limitations, the Convex Optimization Modeling for Microstructure Informed Tractography (COMMIT) technique was used. COMMIT was used to derive measures of intracellular compartment (IC) and isotropic compartments from multishell diffusion data of 40 healthy controls (HCs) and 40 MS patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The analysis revealed a widespread pattern of significantly decreased IC values in MS patients compared with HCs across 61,581 voxels (<i>p</i>_FWE < 0.05, threshold-free cluster enhancement [TFCE] corrected). Similar WM structures studied using the fractional anisotropy (FA) value also showed a reduction in FA among MS patients compared with HCs across 57,304 voxels (<i>p</i>_FWE < 0.05, TFCE corrected). Out of the 61,581 voxels exhibiting lower IC, a substantial overlap of 47,251 voxels (76.72%) also demonstrated lower FA in MS patients compared with HCs. <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> The data suggested that lower IC values contributed to the explanation of FA reductions. In addition, IC showed promising potential for evaluating microstructural abnormalities in WM in MS, potentially being more sensitive than the frequently used FA value.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"172-181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139671297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the Visual Cortex Function in Cognitive Task-Induced Mental Load: An Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.","authors":"Monireh Mahjoob, Javad Heravian Shandiz, Ali Mirzajani, Maryam Behboodi, Hamid Sharini, Neda Nakhjavanpour, Ali Foroutannia","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0049","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The mental load caused by simultaneous multitasking can affect visual information processing and reduce its ability. This study investigated the effect of mental load caused by cognitive tasks simultaneously with visual task on the number of active voxels in the visual cortex. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study recruited 22 individuals with a mean age of 24.72 ± 5.47 years. 3-Tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine the functions of the visual cortex and amygdala region during three different task conditions: visual task alone, visual task with an auditory n-back task, and visual task with an arithmetic task. The visual stimuli consisted of Gabor patches with a contrast of 55% at spatial frequencies of 0.25, 4, and 9 cycles per degree (cpd). These were presented in three trials of eight blocks with a stimulation time of 12 sec and a rest time of 14 sec. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Activated brain voxels in the primary, secondary, and associated visual cortex areas were reduced in response to the mental load imposed by the n-back and arithmetic tasks. This reduction was greater for a spatial frequency of 0.25 cpd in the n-back task condition and spatial frequency of 9 cpd in the arithmetic task condition. In addition, the amygdala was stimulated in 2-back task and arithmetic task conditions. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This study revealed a decline in the number of activated voxels of the visual cortex due to the mental load caused by simultaneous cognitive tasks, confirming the findings of previous psychophysical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"189-197"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139929974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Thalamic Connectivity in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy Based on Electroencephalography Source-Level Analysis.","authors":"Dong Ah Lee, Sung Eun Kim, Kang Min Park","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0084","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> This study investigated alterations in the intrinsic thalamic network of patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) based on an electroencephalography (EEG) source-level analysis. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> We enrolled patients newly diagnosed with JME as well as healthy controls. The assessments were conducted in the resting state. We computed sources based on the scalp electrical potentials using a minimum-norm imaging method and a standardized, low-resolution, brain electromagnetic tomography approach. To create a functional connectivity matrix, we used the Talairach atlas to define thalamic nodes and applied the coherence method to measure brain synchronization as edges. We then calculated the intrinsic thalamic network using graph theory. We compared the intrinsic thalamic network of patients with JME with those of healthy controls. <b><i>Results:</i></b> This study included 67 patients with JME and 66 healthy controls. EEG source-level analysis revealed significant differences in the intrinsic thalamic networks between patients with JME and healthy controls. The measures of functional connectivity (radius, diameter, and characteristic path length) were significantly lower in patients with JME than in healthy controls (radius: 2.769 vs. 3.544, <i>p</i> = 0.015; diameter: 4.464 vs. 5.443, <i>p</i> = 0.024; and characteristic path length: 2.248 vs. 2.616, <i>p</i> = 0.046). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> We demonstrated alterations in the intrinsic thalamic network in patients with JME compared with those in healthy controls based on the EEG source-level analysis. These findings indicated increased thalamic connectivity in the JME group. These intrinsic thalamic network changes may be related to the pathophysiology of JME.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"182-188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139721566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Inside-Out Observation of Superficial White Matter Fasciculi in the Human Brain.","authors":"Guillaume Dannhoff, Alex Morichon, Mykyta Smirnov, Laurent Barantin, Christophe Destrieux, Igor Lima Maldonado","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0050","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Recent methodological advances in the study of the cerebral white matter have left short association fibers relatively underexplored due to their compact and juxtacortical nature, which represent significant challenges for both post-mortem post-cortex removal dissection and magnetic resonance-based diffusion imaging. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To introduce a novel inside-out post-mortem fiber dissection technique to assess short association fiber anatomy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Six cerebral specimens were obtained from a body donation program and underwent fixation in formalin. Following two freezing and thawing cycles, a standardized protocol involving peeling fibers from deep structures towards the cortex was developed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The inside-out technique effectively exposed the superficial white matter. The procedure revealed distinguishable intergyral fibers, demonstrating their dissectability and enabling the identification of their orientation. The assessment of layer thickness was possible through direct observation and ex vivo morphological magnetic resonance imaging. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The inside-out fiber technique effectively demonstrates intergyral association fibers in the post-mortem human brain. It adds to the neuroscience armamentarium, overcoming methodological obstacles and offering an anatomical substrate essential for neural circuit modeling and the evaluation of neuroimaging congruence. Impact statement The inside-out fiber dissection technique enables a totally new perception of cerebral connectivity as the observer navigates inside the parenchyma and looks toward the cerebral surface with the subcortical white matter and the cortical mantle in place. This approach has proven very effective for exposing intergyral association fibers, which have shown to be much more distinguishable from an inner perspective. It gave rise to unprecedented images of the human superficial white matter and allowed, for the first time, direct observation of this vast mantle of fascicles on entire cerebral hemisphere aspects.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"107-121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139671296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Segregation in Functional Connectivity Networks When Watching Unpleasant Arousing Videos: A Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction Analysis.","authors":"Yuqian Ni, Xia Zheng, Richard Betzel, Thomas W James","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0048","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Properties of functional connectivity (FC), such as network integration and segregation, are shown to be associated with various human behaviors. For example, Godwin et al. and Sun et al. found increased integration with attention allocation, whereas Cohen and D'Esposito and Shine et al. observed increased segregation with simple motor tasks. The current study investigated how viewing video clips with different valence and arousal influenced integration-segregation properties in task-based FC networks. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We analyzed an open dataset collected by Kim et al. We performed a generalized psychophysiological interaction (gPPI) analysis paired with network analysis and community detection to investigate changes in brain network dynamics when people watched four types of videos that differed by affective valence (unpleasant or pleasant) and arousal (arousing or calm). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Results showed that unpleasant arousing videos produced greater FC deviation from the baseline (task-induced FC deviation [tiFCd]) and perturbed the brain into a more segregated state than other kinds of video. Increased segregation was only observed in association systems, not sensorimotor systems. <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> Unpleasant arousing content perturbed the brain to a functionally distinct state from the other three types of affective videos. We suggest that the change in brain state was related to people disengaging from the unpleasant arousing content or, alternatively, staying alert while exposed to unpleasant arousing stimuli. The study also added to our understanding of how combining task-based gPPI analysis with community detection methods and network segregation measures can advance our knowledge of the links between behavior and brain state changes. Impact statement Network integration and segregation is an important property of the human brain. We address the question of how affective stimuli influence brain dynamics from a functional connectivity (FC) network integration-segregation perspective. By conducting a whole-brain generalized psychophysiological interaction (gPPI) analysis paired with community detection methods, we found that highly aversive video content induced significant FC changes and perturbed the brain to a more segregated state.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"92-106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139541375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Method to Estimate Longitudinal Change Patterns in Functional Network Connectivity of the Developing Brain Relevant to Psychiatric Problems, Cognition, and Age.","authors":"Rekha Saha, Debbrata K Saha, Md Abdur Rahaman, Zening Fu, Jingyu Liu, Vince D Calhoun","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0040","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0040","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Aim:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; To develop an approach to evaluate multiple overlapping brain functional change patterns (FCPs) in functional network connectivity (FNC) and apply to study developmental changes in brain function. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; FNC, the network analog of functional connectivity (FC), is commonly used to capture the intrinsic functional relationships among brain networks. Ongoing research on longitudinal changes of intrinsic FC across whole-brain functional networks has proven useful for characterizing age-related changes, but to date, there has been little focus on capturing multivariate patterns of FNC change with brain development. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; In this article, we introduce a novel approach to evaluate multiple overlapping FCPs by utilizing FNC matrices. We computed FNC matrices from the large-scale Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development data using fully automated spatially constrained independent component analysis (ICA). We next evaluated changes in these patterns for a 2-year period using a second-level ICA on the FNC change maps. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Our proposed approach reveals several highly structured (modular) FCPs and significant results including strong brain FC between visual and sensorimotor domains that increase with age. We also find several FCPs that are associated with longitudinal changes of psychiatric problems, cognition, and age in the developing brain. Interestingly, FCP cross-covariation, reflecting coupling between maximally independent FCPs, also shows significant differences between upper and lower quartile loadings for longitudinal changes in age, psychiatric problems, and cognition scores, as well as baseline age in the developing brain. FCP patterns and results were also found to be highly reliable based on analysis of data collected in a separate scan session. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; In sum, our results show evidence of consistent multivariate patterns of functional change in emerging adolescents and the proposed approach provides a useful and general tool to evaluate covarying patterns of whole-brain functional changes in longitudinal data. Impact statement In this article, we introduce a novel approach utilizing functional network connectivity (FNC) matrices to estimate multiple overlapping brain functional change patterns (FCPs). The findings demonstrate several well-structured FCPs that exhibit significant changes for a 2-year period, particularly in the functional connectivity between the visual and sensorimotor domains. In addition, we discover several FCPs that are associated with psychopathology, cognition, and age. Finally, our proposed approach for studying age-related FCPs represents a pioneering method that provides a valuable tool for assessing interconnected patterns of whole-brain functional changes in longitudinal data and may be useful to study change over time with applicability to many other areas, including the study of longitudinal changes within diagnostic g","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"130-140"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10954605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139671294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupling Between Human Brain Cortical Thickness and Glucose Metabolism from Regional to Connective Level: A Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.","authors":"Qi Huang, Yihong Yang, Na Qi, Yihui Guan, Jun Zhao, Fengchun Hua, Shuhua Ren, Fang Xie","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0070","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Balance between brain structure and function is implicated in aging and many brain disorders. This study aimed to investigate the coupling between brain structure and function using ¹⁸F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> One hundred thirty-eight subjects who underwent brain ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MRI were recruited. The structural and functional coupling at the regional level was explored by calculating within-subject Spearman's correlation between glucose metabolism (GluM) and cortical thickness (CTh) across the cortex for each subject, which was then correlated with age to explore its physiological effects. Then, subjects were divided into groups of middle-aged and young adults and older adults (OAs); structural connectivity (SC) based on CTh and functional connectivity (FC) based on GluM were constructed for the two groups, respectively, followed by exploring the connective-level structural and functional coupling on SC and FC matrices. The global and local efficiency values of the brain SC and FC were also evaluated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the subjects, 97.83% exhibited a significant negative correlation between regional CTh and GluM (<i>r</i> = -0.24 to -0.71, <i>p</i> < 0.05, FDR correction), and this CTh-GluM correlation was negatively correlated with age (<i>R</i> = -0.35, <i>p</i> < 0.001). For connectivity matrices, many regions showed positive correlation between SC and FC, especially in the OA group. Besides, FC exhibited denser connections than SC, resulting in both higher global and local efficiency, but lower global efficiency when the network size was corrected. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This study found couplings between CTh and GluM at both regional and connective levels, which reflected the aging progress, and might provide new insight into brain disorders. Impact statement The intricate interplay between brain structures and functions plays a pivotal role in unraveling the complexities inherent in the aging process and the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. This study revealed that 97.83% subjects showed negative correlation between the brain's regional cortical thickness and glucose metabolism, while at the connective level, many regions showed positive correlations between structural and functional connectivity. The observed coupling at the regional and connective levels reflected physiological progress, such as aging, and provides insights into the brain mechanisms and potential implications for the diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"122-129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139671295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Resting-State Networks in Children with Growth Hormone Deficiency.","authors":"Ju-Rong Ding, Chenyu Feng, Hui Zhang, Yuan Li, Zhiling Tang, Qiang Chen, Xin Ding, Mei Wang, Zhongxiang Ding","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0059","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) refers to the partial or complete lack of growth hormone. Short stature and slow growth are characteristic of patients with GHD. Previous neuroimaging studies have suggested that GHD may cause cognitive and behavioral impairments in patients. Resting-state networks (RSNs) are regions of the brain that exhibit synchronous activity and are closely related to our cognition and behavior. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to explore cognitive and behavioral abnormalities in children with GHD by investigating changes in RSNs. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data of 26 children with GHD and 15 healthy controls (HCs) were obtained. Independent component analysis was used to identify seven RSNs from rs-fMRI data. Group differences in RSNs were estimated using two-sample <i>t</i>-tests. Correlation analysis was employed to investigate the associations among the areas of difference and clinical measures. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Compared with HCs, children with GHD had significant differences in the salience network (SN), default mode network (DMN), language network (LN), and sensorimotor network (SMN). Moreover, within the SN, the functional connectivity (FC) value of the right posterior supramarginal gyrus was negatively correlated with the adrenocorticotropic hormone and the FC value of the left anterior inferior parietal gyrus was positively correlated with insulin-like growth factor 1. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> These results suggest that alterations in RSNs may account for abnormal cognition and behavior in children with GHD, such as decreased motor function, language withdrawal, anxiety, and social anxiety. These findings provide neuroimaging support for uncovering the pathophysiological mechanisms of GHD in children. Impact statement Children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) generally experience cognitive and behavioral abnormalities. However, there are few neuroimaging studies on children with GHD. Moreover, prior research has not investigated the aberrant brain function in patients with GHD from the perspective of brain functional networks. Therefore, this study employed the independent component analysis method to investigate alterations within seven commonly observed resting-state networks due to GHD. The results showed that children with GHD had significant differences in the salience network, default mode network, language network, and sensorimotor network. This provides neuroimaging support for revealing the pathophysiological mechanisms of GHD in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"84-91"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139541217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}