Journal of safety, health and environmental research最新文献

{"title":"Aspects, Needs and Usefulness of Forests in Human Life from Ancient Time Till Now","authors":"Gulistan Khairandish","doi":"10.11648/J.JHER.20210701.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JHER.20210701.15","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of writing this paper is to find out the vital important role of forests in humane life and make them aware from such amazing benefits of natural forests. The information all about this topic has been collected from the authentic scientific books and the result show that the vegetation cover, pasture, forests and green space is source of a country. Conservation of water and soil, prevention of soil erosion, increase of ground water resources, providing of the clear air for breathing of organisms, producing of deferent type of fruits, producing of raw materials for woodcraft and environmental protection is the non-forgettable benefits of forests. Malika Hoshmand (2019) says” trees are the lifeblood of humans and animals are in fact the breath of earth, by absorbing toxic gases such as carbon dioxide and producing oxygen, which is one of the most basic needs of humans and animal’s life, and save the natural cycle”. Forests were the home of ancient human and same human today, trees are producing fruits to save humans from hunger, protects soil to keep avoid from huge floods and absorbs dusts to save human heaths.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74426081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Modeling in Social Science","authors":"J. C. Vázquez, J. Castillo, Leticia E. Constable, Marina E. Cardenas, J. C. Vazquez","doi":"10.11648/J.JHER.20210701.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JHER.20210701.20","url":null,"abstract":"Computer Science has contributed to social sciences since decades ago: connecting people that build virtual communities where the interactions can be investigated, developing tools for statistically analytics, designing models that allow the analysis and simulation of the most diverse types, among many others. In this article, we describe an artificial neural network to model a theoretical framework for risk, housing, and health problematic, called DRVS (Diagnostic methodology for risk determination of urban housing for health), which uses a holistic approach for community and environmental health. The methodology also exposes digital clinic history for families and communities, developed to support the acquisition of necessary data. This software has advantages for the transference and application of the DRVS in different locations since it constitutes an expert system for the determination of local social indexes and supports the quantitative validation process for the underlying social theory. On the other hand, as many artificial intelligence techniques, it has constraints: unlike explicit logic inferences, artificial neural networks work as «black boxes», not explaining how they got the result; they have a strong dependency of the representativeness of training data and introducing new knowledge that may improve their results and performance is difficult (new data, addition or remotion of determining factors for the underlying social model, weighting factors, etc.). This article also shows some techniques and ideas on how to deal with the identified constraints.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87586452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospitals Surfaces and Sites as a Reservoir for Pathogenic Bacteria That Play a Role in Transmission of Infectious Diseases","authors":"Maina Susan Muthoni","doi":"10.11648/j.jher.20210703.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210703.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88180683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Microbial Quality of Drinking Water in Shendi Town, River Nile State, Sudan","authors":"Abdallah Ahmed Adam Belal, Basheer Mohammed El hassan, Ahmed Mohammed Hussein","doi":"10.11648/j.jher.20210703.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210703.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84473481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Distribution and Associated Risk Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection in a Semi-urban Community in Southwest Nigeria","authors":"Oluwatoba Olufunke Abiodun, Taiwo Olalekan John, Nwuba Roseangela Ifeyinwa","doi":"10.11648/j.jher.20210704.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210704.13","url":null,"abstract":": Parasite distribution exhibit heterogeneity within households and communities. The aim of this study is to identify the spatial distribution, clustering and associated risk factors of Soil-transmitted Helminths infection in a semi-urban area in Southwest Nigeria. Geographical information System (GIS) was used to map the town into three density areas; low, medium and high density areas. Two hundred and thirty six soil samples were obtained from the surroundings of 137 households and stool samples were collected from the inhabitant of the households. Moran index was used to analyze the spatial distribution of STH within the community. A total of 137 households were sampled for human STH and environmental soil samples from the household were analyzed. The prevalence of human STH infection was 41.7% while that of soil parasite was 27.7% within the selected household. Ascaris lumbricoides was the predominant STH infection in the community sampled with 24.1% prevalence followed by Hookworm. Spatial analysis showed that A. lumbricoides infection was significantly clustered only in the GIS mapped medium density area of Igbo-Ora (z-score 2.302, p=0.021), while hookworm infection was randomly distributed in all the GIS mapped areas of Igbo-Ora. There was a statistically significant association between human STH infection and presence of parasite in the household soil ( x 2 5.74, p-value 0.017). None of the risk factors evaluated was found to have significant association for the clustering pattern of infection found in the medium density area of the community. Meanwhile, factors such as; the physical presence of a popularly patronized local market in the area, lack of any visible public toilet and the use of bushes around the area by the people for defecation contribute to the reasons for the clustering of the Ascaris infection. Also, the ability of Ascaris to withstand environmental conditions than other STH parasite may contribute to the pattern observed. The differences in the pattern of distribution and associated risk factors revealed that environmental conditions and exposure factors are major determinant of STH infection.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90486560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Pulmonary and Physical Function Three Months After Discharge for Moderate to Severe COVID-19","authors":"Bas Floris Maria Van Raaij, Jordy Lauran Stöger, Maarten Sebastiaan Werkman, Michiel Alexander De Graaf, Maria Louisa Antoni, Geert Hendrik Groeneveld, Anna Helena Elvire Roukens, Frederikus Albertus Klok, Soerindra Rajen Soeniel Ramai, Jacomina Jessica Miranda Geelhoed","doi":"10.11648/j.jher.20210703.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210703.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84805483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of School-based Smoking Prevention Education by Physician After Eight Years: A School Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Endo Masamitsu, Iwaki Norio, Fukuda Tamutsu, Yoshida Kenji, Nomura Hideki, Kido Teruhiko, Takahashi Yuko, Ikeda Michiko, Nakashima Motoko, Morita Masato, Douniwa Kenichi, Kita Toshiyuki","doi":"10.11648/J.JHER.20200604.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JHER.20200604.13","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies have examined whether school-based smoking prevention education for minors reduces smoking rates, but consensus has not been established. Moreover, there are few reports about non-smoking classes offered by physicians with long-term results. Volunteer doctors have provided tobacco prevention classes in Kanazawa, Japan since 1998. The aim of this article is to assess whether the education by physicians was effective after eight years. A community area having 14 elementary schools was selected for this study. The study groups comprised randomized schools receiving the 45 minutes non-smoking education by physicians for 12-year-old sixth graders once a year and control schools with no intervention during three years from 2007 to 2009. A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 4,014 (1,615 educated and 2,399 control) students. After eight years, a questionnaire survey on the smoking behaviors of 20-year-old young adults within the community was conducted and 1,634 (631 educated and 1,003 control) replies were collected. The smoking rates of the two groups were compared. At the eight-year follow-up, the smoking rates in the educated group significantly decreased compared to those in the control, especially among males. The school-based smoking prevention education by physicians was effective in reducing the smoking rates among 12-year-old students 8 years later.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80247929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Socio-cultural Factors on Medical College Students' Self-Rated Health Status and Health-Promoting Lifestyles in Eritrea: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Isayas Afewerki Abraham, Xu-fu Zhang, Zewdi Amanuel Dagnew, E. Tesfamariam, G. G. Beraki, Oliver Okoth Achila, Ying-chun Dai","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-15692/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-15692/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Sub-optimal health status (SHS) and unhealthy lifestyle among college students have become a major focus for research on public health worldwide. Hence, this study was designed to assess the effects of socio-cultural factors on medical college students' self-rated health status (SRH) and health-promoting lifestyles (HPL) in Eritrea.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Orotta School of Medicine (OSM), using a self-administered questionnaire. Data was collected from all medical students who had fulfilled the inclusion criteria using Sub-Optimal Health Measurement Scale (SHMS V1.0) and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II) scale questionnaires. Independent samples t-test, ANOVA, Chi-square test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Binary multivariate logistic regression were performed. Data analysis was undertaken using SPSS version 22.Results: The overall SRH was significantly higher among college students with BMI of 25 to 29.9 (M=88.23, SD=6.28) as compared to <18.5 (p=0.027) and 18.5 to 24.9 (p=0.027). Moreover, physiological subscale of SRH was significantly related to gender (M males= 88.96 Vs M females= 85.41, p=0.001) and monthly stipend (M income = 89.52 Vs M no-income = 87.28, p=0.040). On the other hand, physical activity of HPL was found to vary by gender (M males= 2.12 Vs M females=1.87, p=0.005) and alcohol consumption (M drinkers= 2.22 Vs M non-drinkers = 1.99, p=0.016). Nutrition differences of HPL were observed in BMI of 25 to 29.9 (M =2.40, p=0.028), internship students (M=2.15, p=0.027), and monthly income (M=2.11, p=0.029). The overall SRH was significantly correlated with the overall HPL (r=0.493, p<0.001). In-addition, students who had good and excellent HPL had self-rated themselves as almost five times (AOR=4.97, 95% CI: 1.28, 19.32), and were 3.73 times (AOR=3.73, 95% CI: 1.09, 12.80) healthier than those who had poor HPL, respectively.Conclusions: Based on our study, gender, BMI and monthly stipend play a major role in the SRH whereas gender, alcohol consumption, BMI, study year and monthly stipend play a major role in the HPL. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between SRH and HPL in this study. Therefore, our findings provide evidence that support the role of socio-cultural influences’ on SRH and HPL of medical students.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82401032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Epidemiological Profile of Accidents with Exposure to Blood Among Health Professionals in Two Hospitals in the North of Togo","authors":"Wasungu Bassokla Ditorguena, Djalogue Prisca, Agbobli Yawo Apelete, Dadjo Soukouna Francis, S. A. Dia, M. Fall, E. Didier, Wognin Sangah, N. Mor, Bonny Jean-Sylvain, Sow Mamadou Lamine","doi":"10.11648/J.JHER.20190504.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JHER.20190504.11","url":null,"abstract":"Accidents with exposure to blood (AEBs) remain a reality in healthcare settings and are, by their frequency, a major concern for health professionals. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of AEBs history, to identify the types, circumstances and mechanisms of occurrence and to describe the practices of health professionals with respect to AEBs. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study over a period of two (02) months (September-October 2018) in two hospitals, the Kara’s teaching hospital and Kara’s regional hospital, both located in the north, 418 kilometers from Lome, economic capital of Togo. The study population was represented by health professionals practicing in the district pediatrics, surgery, gynecology-obstetrics, emergencies and laboratories of the said centers. Were included in the study health professionals presents and available in the above-mentioned services at the time of the survey. Hospital staff not directly involved in patient care (administrative, mortuary staff, vigils, pharmacy salesmen) were excluded from the study. This research was a descriptive-analytical technique using interviews and questionnaires anonymized and adapted in such a way that it meets our objectives. Methods of data analysis were made using the Sphinx V5 software version 5.1.0.2. The Chi-square statistical test was used to compare the proportions with a significance threshold of 5%. The prevalence of AEBs was estimated at 67.6%. The results show that AEBs were frequent among men compared to women (72.7% vs 58.3%), without significant difference. Age, occupational qualification and seniority in the medical profession were significantly associated to AEBs. The most common mechanism of occurrence was the skin break (89.1%). The equipment or sharp objects handled at the time of the accident were a hollow needle (58.8%), and the most incriminated body fluid was blood (71.7%). AEBs are a reality in health care in Togo with a very high prevalence and concern daily all socio-professional categories especially the nurses and the midwives during the care tasks. Exposure is roughly daily, however, the amount of vaccination coverage in these two hospitals is low. In addition, for health care workers to some dangerous actions, such as disposal of used needles, lack of attention to wearing PPE will be accepted in certain circumstances without risk, it is observed.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79389240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of TGF-β1-Mediated Wnt/β-catenin Pathways Plays an Important Role in EMT-like Transformation Induced by Cadmium","authors":"Yanlin Zhang, Jiandong Wu, Lulu Ren, Guning Wang, Lihong Yuan, Zhihui Zou","doi":"10.11648/J.JHER.20190503.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JHER.20190503.13","url":null,"abstract":"Backgrounds Some studies have reported that different dosage of cadmium (Cd) had a biphasic effect on cells viability, Cd at a dose of more than 20 μM can induce excessive apoptosis which past studies were mainly concentrated on while there has been few reports on a relatively lower dose of Cd causing abnormal proliferation. Kidney is the most sensitive target organ of Cd, however, the mechanism how Cd at a relatively lower dose affects the proliferation of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC) is not yet clear at present. Objectives To explore the toxic effect of Cd at a relatively lower dose on RTEC and study the mechanism how the TGF-β1-mediated Wnt/β-catenin pathways involved in EMT-like transformation induced by Cadmium. Methods The RTEC were isolated by mixed collagenase digestion methods and the effect of Cd at different dose on cell viability was detected by MTT assay. The effect of Cd at Hormesis zone dose on the expression of c-myc, cyclinD1, α-SMA, TGF-β1, Wnt and β-catenin were determined by qRT-PCR. Results When exposed for 24h-72h, Cd at a dose of 2.5 μM had maximum proliferation promoting effect. Cd at Hormesis zone dose could up-regulate the expression of cell cycle and proliferation key regulators c-myc and cyclinD1 in an obvious time-dependent manner. Cd at Hormesis zone dose could significantly promote α-SMA, TGF-β1, Wnt and β-catenin mRNA expression. Conclusions Cd at Hormesis zone dose could induce RTEC significant abnormal proliferation and EMT-like transformation. The activation of TGF-β1-mediated Wnt/β-catenin pathways might play a key role in EMT-like transformation induced by Cd at Hormesis zone dose.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83626110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}