Journal of safety, health and environmental research最新文献

{"title":"Entomofaunal Assessment of Ecosystem Health and Suitability of Mangroves at Asarama, Andoni Local Government Area, Rives State, Nigeria","authors":"Gbarakoro Tambeke Nornu, U. Michael, Eman I. El Surtasi, Odoemenam Peter","doi":"10.11648/J.JHER.20210703.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JHER.20210703.12","url":null,"abstract":"Insects which inhabit mangroves at intertidal zones of the aquatic ecosystem contribute immensely to the wellbeing and sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem, and consequently are used to determine the ecosystem health of mangroves. Investigations on the diversity and abundance of insects to assess ecosystem health of mangroves at Asarama, Niger Delta, Nigeria were undertaken. Sweep nets and forceps were used to collect insects from three mangrove-type habitats; Rhizophora mangle (Red), Avicennia germinas (Black) Laguncularia racemosa (White). The insects were placed in sample vials containing 70% alcohol and taken to the Entomology Research Laboratory of the Department of animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, for sorting, and identification. A total of 24 taxa belonging to 7 orders and 15 families were collected during the study; red, black and white mangroves recorded 19, 14 and 7 taxa, respectively. Eight taxa Camnula pellucid, Jacobiasea formosana, Tettigonia caudate, Vespula vulgaris, Lucilia sericata, Pseudoleon superbus, Chrysocoris stolli, and Cordulia shurtleffi of the 19 that occurred on red were absent from black and white mangroves. Three species; Pieris rapae, Anopheles gambiae and Musca domestica, occurred across the three mangrove habitats. A total of 104 insects; 54 (red), 35 (black) and 15 (white) mangroves were recorded. In Asarama mangroves R.mangle is the most suitable habitat for insects species because it contained more entomofaunal diversity and abundance. The study revealed eight insect species that are indicators of good ecological health of the mangrove ecosystem, and used for the assessment of changes in the ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89834364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Radon Accumulation in Public Buildings of Different Class on the Example of Several Sogd Region Cities of Tajikistan","authors":"U. Mirsaidov, K. Nazarov, M. M. Makhmudova, Zh.A. Misratov, K. A. Ermatov, M. Akhmedov","doi":"10.11648/J.JHER.20210703.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JHER.20210703.11","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents data and a comparative analysis of the accumulation of radon in public buildings (preschool, school and medical institutions) located near radioactive tailings, deployed in certain regions of Northern Tajikistan (Istiklol, Buston). Most of the preschool and school educational institutions buildings in Istiklol are two-storey and according to the type of building materials – brick, concrete and stone. It has been revealed that the average value of radon volumetric activity in indoor air in public buildings located in Istiklol city (formerly Taboshar) reaches up to 175 Bq/m3 and in Buston city (formerly Chkalovsk) to 26 Bq/m3. The values of radon equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity in indoor air at investigated objects are in the range of 10-330 Bq/m3 in Istiklol and 8-19 Bq/m3 in Buston cities. The range of the annual effective dose is from 0.3 mSv to 7.1 mSv. Toron has been measured in selected public buildings (schools, kindergartens and hospitals) in Istiklol city and its levels have been established between 20 and 160 Bq/m³. Indoor gamma dose values measured in schools and kindergartens fixed in the range of 0.1–1.3 mGy/h and the lowest reading determined less than 0.2 mGy/h. It has been discovered that building materials are the main source for radon intake. But the geology of the region also plays an important role. The data obtained from radon monitoring will be used in preventive measures to protect children from the effects of a radioactive factor. It is noted that the issue of protecting future generation from the harmful effects of ionizing radiation requires a comprehensive study and assessment. For preventive purposes, it is necessary to recommend mandatory periodic ventilation of preschool and school institutions.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90349988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rate of Soil Contamination by Soil Transmitted Helminths in Relation to the Awareness Status of Pupils in Primary Schools of Penka-Michel, West-Cameroon","authors":"Atiokeng Tatang Rostand Joël, Yondo Jeannette, T. Gabriel, Nguemfo Tchankugni Arlette, Nkouayep Vanessa Rosine, M. Mbida","doi":"10.11648/J.JHER.20210702.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JHER.20210702.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Soil transmitted helminth (STH) infections disproportionately affect poor populations in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. They contaminate soil and pupils are mostly at risk of these infections due to their soil related habits. Aims: to assess pupils’ knowledge, attitude and practice in relation to the rate of soil contamination in public primary schools. Methods: Structured questionnaires were administered to 729 consenting participants to obtain information on their awareness status of STH infections. A total of 552 soil samples were collected around toilets, classrooms backyards and playground in 23 public schools randomly selected in Penka-Michel subdivision and examined for the presence of STH eggs using the sucrose flotation method. Results: up to 80% of respondents do not actually know how to avoid getting infected with worms. About 50% of pupils do not actually wash their hands after defecating or wash their fruits/vegetables before eating. Pupil’s nails were mostly untrimmed (74.1%). 77.1% declared they always defecate out of the toilets when they are in school. Out of 552 soil samples examined, 97 (17.6%) were contaminated by Ascaris sp, Trichuris sp, Toxocara sp, Capillaria sp, Cooperia sp, hokworms and Nematodirus sp. Soil from around toilets were significantly more contaminated with Ascaris sp and Trichuris sp eggs. Soil contamination was also significantly associated with absence of water during class hours, unhygienic conditions of toilets, and lack of school perimeter fence. Overall 65% of schools selected showed a low level of hygiene. Conclusion: Pupils of these schools played a major role in the contamination of their environment. Therefore, in order to prevent the STHs transmission cycles in school environment and possibly in pupils, it is necessary to develop specific sustainable intervention programs.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80465082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Hazard Associated with Water and Mosquito Borne Diseases: A Case Study in the Barak Valley Along Silchar Town of Assam, Northeast India","authors":"Mohit Kumar, B. P. Mishra","doi":"10.11648/J.JHER.20210702.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JHER.20210702.14","url":null,"abstract":"Objective (s): The current investigation has been carried out to determine the health hazard caused by water and mosquito borne diseases in the valley of river Barak along Silchar city (Assam); which has been recognized as a vulnerable area in terms of various kinds of hazards. Materials and Methods: In this study, the data analysis for several water and mosquito borne diseases viz., Acute diarrhoea, Bacillary dysentery, Enteric fever and Malaria has been accomplished proficiently on monthly as well as annually interval for a period of 5 successive years (i.e. 2015 to 2019). Results: The data demonstrates that the concentration of patients affected by Acute diarrhoea and Malaria was found to be decreased irrespective of years. On the other hand, in the cases of Bacillary dysentery and Enteric fever, the concentration of patients has been observed to be continue increasing within due course of the five years. Conclusion: On the basis of the results, It can be argued that Bacillary Dysentery and Enteric fever illustrated the similar and increasing trend; On the contrary, Acute diarrhoea and Malaria has been showed the drastically decreasing trend throughout the study period i.e., from 2015 to 2019.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73802419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy Metals and Macronutrients Concentrations in Sewage Sludge Obtained from Decentralized Treatment Facility, Machakos Town, Kenya","authors":"Julius Kioko Nzeve, Sydney Likhumba Ikubano","doi":"10.11648/J.JHER.20210702.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JHER.20210702.13","url":null,"abstract":"With the increase of global population, wastewater treatment facilities face a major challenge of managing the large quantities of sewage sludge produced in urban areas. Due to this challenge many wastewater treatment plants have opted for use of sewage sludge as organic fertilizer to boost agricultural production. In Machakos Decentralized Treatment Facility (DFT), sewage sludge is usually sold to locals as fertilizer to boost crop production within the municipality. However, sewage sludge produced in municipal wastewater treatment plants is known to contain various heavy metals that may limit its usage as agricultural fertilizer. Studies have shown that sewage sludge has been associated with heavy metals which are linked to harmful effects on humans and environmental health. This study investigated the levels of various heavy metals and macronutrients from sewage sludge obtained from Machakos town wastewater treatment plant to test its suitability for use as fertilizer. Sewage sludge samples were obtained from the treatment plant at Mitheu and transported to Nairobi Agricultural Research Laboratory (NARL) for analysis of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe) and macronutrients (N, P, Ca, Mg and K). The results for the heavy metals were Zn=171.13±237mg/kg; Fe=17,877±15,700mg/kg; Mn=445.67±213mg/kg and Cu=41.1±16.71mg/kg) while the macronutrients were K=0.17±0.09%, P=1.26±1.75%, N=0.74±0.47%, Ca=0.48±0.72% and Mg=0.10±0.06%. The heavy metal concentrations were below Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) and international permissible limits for sewage sludge application in agriculture and therefore deemed safe. The study concluded that the sewage sludge from Machakos Decentralized Treatment Facility is rich in nutrients and thus a potential fertilizing agent that can be used to boost plant growth in agricultural farms. However, it was noted that not all the wastewater produced in Machakos town gets into the DFT for treatment. Therefore, the study recommended that the county government of Machakos should endeavor to enlarge the small DFT treatment plant to accommodate the large quantities of wastewater generated within the town.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90093985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Cannot Sustainably Improve Air Quality: Evidence from Reopening an Economy","authors":"Xiaoxuan Yang","doi":"10.11648/J.JHER.20210702.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JHER.20210702.12","url":null,"abstract":"One “silver lining” of the COVID-19 pandemic has been the reduction in air pollution that followed lockdowns. Unfortunately, this unintended air pollution decline will likely be short-lived. As regions begin to recover their economies, travel and industrial activity will increase the ambient pollutants quickly offsetting the improvement in air quality. Therefore, it is urgent to clarify the causal impact of reopening an economy on air quality during COVID-19. Based on city-level daily air quality data in China, this paper is the first to empirically analyze the causal effect of reopening the economy in the provincial capital Lanzhou on concentrations of four air pollutants using the synthetic control method. The results show that the reopening caused a significant increase in the concentration of NO2 by as much as 30 μg/m3 (an increase of 75% from the lockdown level) and a significant increase in O3 concentrations by 60μg/m3 (a 60% increase) which peaked on the 6th day after the restart. The reopening also led to significant fluctuations in SO2 and CO concentrations. This study contains useful conclusions by providing timely and reliable causal evidence on the lasting impact of COVID-19 on air quality.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88433089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception and Evaluation of Noise Tempted Health Hazards and Risk Assessment from Portable Power Generators Usage in the Resident of Karachi, Pakistan","authors":"Akhtar Shareef, D. R. Hashmi","doi":"10.11648/J.JHER.20210701.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JHER.20210701.13","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to estimate the noise pollution level and possible health impacts due to the use of portable electricity generators in commercial areas of Karachi, city. 04 locations were selected at Tibet Centre, Empress Market, Garden Road and Saddar GPO Area. This study was designed to assess the perception and knowledge of power generator users towards the noise induced health hazards. A survey was conducted with 312 persons, randomly selected as shopkeepers, office workers and push-carters who participated as respondents in semi-structured questionnaire interview method. The questionnaire was divided into three sections as a) demographic characteristics include age, sex and educational level b) Knowledge and perception of noise pollution hazards and c) noise induced health hazards by the use of portable generators. Participants on the basis of their responses were categorized into four classes, no education / illiterate, SSC, HSC and graduate & above level education. It was established that higher the educational level the respondents had, the more they were likely to be aware of health effects of noise pollution. Results showed that residents are in constant exposure of generator noise show adverse health effect on the habitants which includes hearing impairment, interference with spoken communication, sleep disturbances, cardiovascular disturbances, impaired task performance and negative social behavior and annoyance reactions.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82878059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the Association Between Socio Demographic Characteristics and Dietary Diversity Among Adults Living with HIV Attending Kerugoya Referral Hospital","authors":"Githongo Faith Wangari, Otieno Samwel Boaz","doi":"10.11648/j.jher.20210704.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210704.14","url":null,"abstract":": PLWHIV needs to eat a balanced diet and a diverse diet with foods in sufficient quantities to meet their energy, protein and micronutrient needs. The purpose of this study was to determine the dietary diversity among adults living with HIV in the Kerugoya Comprehensive clinic, Kirinyaga County, Kenya. The study adopted analytical cross-sectional design. Data was collected from a sample of 169 persons and stratified random sampling technique was used to determine the proportion of each gender for the study from Kerugoya Comprehensive clinic ART booking register. Quantitative and qualitative methods which include structured questionnaire, focused group discussions and In-depth Interviews were used in collection of data. Pre testing of the questionnaires was done to 10% of sample in a nearby public facility Kagumo Health Centre Comprehensive Care Clinic. Confidentiality was observed by coding the questionnaires and names were not written. Informed consent was sought from the respondents before the data collection. Privacy was also observed as interviews were conducted in closed rooms. Completed questionnaires were kept in the cabinet under lock and key for safety and security reasons. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) and inferential statistics (Chi square) were used for data analysis. All quantitative data were analysed using SPSS version 20 while qualitative data were analysed thematically using computer software NVIVO. The study established that demographic factors are associated with dietary diversity among HIV positive adults attending Kerugoya Comprehensive clinic. Socio-demographic factors associated with dietary diversity were gender, marital status and levels of education (p<0.05). From the findings, interventions targeting individuals with demographic factors associated with low dietary diversity scores can be organized. This can be done by the county governments, NGOs and faith-based organizations. For gender, interventions could target the male PLWHIV, unmarried individuals within this category should also be targeted. Such interventions should aim at ensuring positive dietary diversity behaviours among PLWHIV.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78117506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Health Risks of Heavy Metal in Wells and Streams Water in the Vicinity of a Lead Mining in Nasarawa State, North Central, Nigeria","authors":"Musa Williams Ombugus, Wuana Raymond Ahulle, Itodo Udoji Adams, Eneji Ishaq Shaibu","doi":"10.11648/j.jher.20210702.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210702.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76787341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Public Health Intervention on the Knowledge of the Hazards of Smoking in Students","authors":"Sulaemana Engkeng, Maureen Irinne Punuh, Afnal Asrifuddin","doi":"10.11648/j.jher.20210704.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210704.12","url":null,"abstract":": The national percentage of smoking every day for population>10 years is 23.7%. Most of the students in Kotamobagu were smokers, according to the initial survey were carried out by looking directly at the surroundings of Kotamobagu 1 Public Senior High School. Several students smoked around the school. Based on this, it is necessary to research public health interventions as an effort to prevent the dangers of smoking in students through counselling in increasing knowledge about the dangers of smoking. The research objective was the effect of public health interventions on knowledge about the dangers of smoking in students at Kotamobagu 1 Public Senior High School. The output target in this study is that after this research, it is hoped that the effect of public health interventions on knowledge about the dangers of smoking will be known. The research methodology used was experimental research with a quasi-experimental approach with one group pre-test and post-test. The population in this study were all students in class XI totalling 391. The total sample was 80 students. The statistical test results obtained p-value=0.000, compared with the coefficient alpha (α)=0.05 (0.000)<0.05, thus Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted which can be concluded that the average knowledge before and after the extension is different. It can be stated that counselling affects students' knowledge about the dangers of smoking.","PeriodicalId":91558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of safety, health and environmental research","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79269831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}